磚砌建筑學(xué)校，浦那，馬哈拉施特拉邦，印度

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：吉里什·多西/Navkar建筑事務(wù)所

1 外景/Exterior view

2.3 墻體細(xì)部/Details of brick walls

為了完美地構(gòu)建一個(gè)當(dāng)代的學(xué)習(xí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行熱忱對(duì)話(huà)交流的統(tǒng)一空間，我們嘗試了許多創(chuàng)造性的想法，設(shè)計(jì)了以廠(chǎng)房為核心并意在彰顯“建筑文化體驗(yàn)”的空間。

該項(xiàng)目的用地位于浦那市郊的安德里，和許多其他新區(qū)一樣，這里即將成為未來(lái)城市社區(qū)的一部分。當(dāng)?shù)氐慕ㄖ饕浅善淖≌?，除了兩條主干道，遠(yuǎn)處的山巒成為這片褐色土地唯一的視覺(jué)重心。

我們意識(shí)到，該地段的發(fā)展規(guī)劃為打破現(xiàn)有居住密度、構(gòu)建一個(gè)亟需的機(jī)構(gòu)性的社交樞紐提供了契機(jī)。因此，這個(gè)新校區(qū)被定性為一個(gè)與城市文化和精神相融合，且具有象征價(jià)值和知識(shí)認(rèn)同的存在。

該項(xiàng)目從兩個(gè)同樣關(guān)鍵的角度進(jìn)行了廣泛的設(shè)計(jì)：

首先，由內(nèi)及外的（內(nèi)在）設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程——滿(mǎn)足項(xiàng)目指定的功能需求和精神訴求；其次，由表及里的（外在）設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程——將區(qū)域肌理、街頭文化與校區(qū)相聯(lián)系。

項(xiàng)目平面是極其對(duì)稱(chēng)的布局。順應(yīng)著內(nèi)在邏輯，人們從接待廣場(chǎng)出發(fā)，憑著自身直覺(jué)進(jìn)入到一個(gè)純粹的步行區(qū)以感知內(nèi)部空間。非正式的內(nèi)部空間里布滿(mǎn)縱橫交錯(cuò)的流線(xiàn)路網(wǎng)——流暢的路網(wǎng)將空間變得有序，串聯(lián)起階梯教室、連廊、走道、開(kāi)敞的庭院、懸挑空間、游戲平臺(tái)、坡道、樓梯和陽(yáng)臺(tái)。貫穿整個(gè)建筑的“靈活流線(xiàn)”有助于促發(fā)使用者的日常交流，這是教育類(lèi)建筑設(shè)計(jì)工作的核心。

從外部性看，該建筑體塊的整合依托于多層次、不透明的磚砌平行墻體等不朽的設(shè)計(jì)手法，從南側(cè)工作室一直到北側(cè)入口廣場(chǎng)，尺度逐漸遞減，逐步分割細(xì)化以形成宜人的尺度。這個(gè)大尺度的體塊經(jīng)過(guò)了深思熟慮，讓人聯(lián)想起該地區(qū)的歷史遺產(chǎn)。內(nèi)部的功能體系決定了教學(xué)樓外部及屋頂?shù)膸缀涡螤?。因此，這些平行的磚砌墻壁穿插在周邊可進(jìn)入的斜坡和露臺(tái)當(dāng)中，分別作為行政管理和學(xué)習(xí)空間。順著流線(xiàn)下行，一系列經(jīng)過(guò)精心設(shè)計(jì)的平臺(tái)掩映在起伏的景觀環(huán)境當(dāng)中。景觀門(mén)廊和室內(nèi)廣場(chǎng)環(huán)繞著作為中庭的教學(xué)樓，為學(xué)校提供了互動(dòng)式的社交核心并減少了擁堵。

一連串的設(shè)計(jì)工作室都是模數(shù)化的封閉空間，使學(xué)生擁有私密學(xué)習(xí)空間的同時(shí)，以交互式學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)的培養(yǎng)為宗旨。光線(xiàn)通透、通風(fēng)適宜還有能俯瞰夾層的視野。建筑的采光和通風(fēng)采用了創(chuàng)新的處理方式，這啟發(fā)了我們可以將空間按照不同的光線(xiàn)條件進(jìn)行規(guī)劃。該平面不但反映了封閉、半封閉和開(kāi)敞空間相互依存的功能關(guān)系，也是對(duì)自然光的不同需求的呈現(xiàn)。巨大的懸挑空間下方，是設(shè)計(jì)工作室在南立面的入口，懸挑結(jié)構(gòu)使場(chǎng)地的山巒景色得以一覽無(wú)余。設(shè)計(jì)精妙的天窗為設(shè)計(jì)工作室引入了額外的光線(xiàn)。每個(gè)空間對(duì)自然光的需求各不相同，例如管理及辦公空間被有意安排在北立面，層層疊疊的場(chǎng)地有效平衡了這里的光照。散點(diǎn)式的庭院不僅光照充足，還實(shí)現(xiàn)了空間尺度轉(zhuǎn)換和通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的一體化。光照條件根據(jù)建筑體量的進(jìn)深而變化，并隨著空間環(huán)境變換著亮度和色調(diào)。此外，這個(gè)方案還提高了整個(gè)建筑的保溫性能，大大減少了調(diào)節(jié)溫度的需求。這些沐浴著陽(yáng)光的空間還擁有著不被過(guò)多打擾的靜謐感。

周邊環(huán)境的美化襯托了校區(qū)與城市肌理的融合，通過(guò)建筑工藝使生活品質(zhì)得以提升。自然存在的活水，匯聚成一個(gè)個(gè)隱匿的蓄水庫(kù)，通過(guò)管道季節(jié)性地供水?？偠灾?，這個(gè)階梯狀的紀(jì)念碑式作品以?xún)?nèi)省、平和的姿態(tài)，靜靜矗立在時(shí)間流逝之中表現(xiàn)自己?！酰ㄌ炷?譯）

4 總平面/Site plan

1-主入口大門(mén)（人行）/Main entrance gate (pedestrian)

2-入口廣場(chǎng)/Entrance plaza

3-干蓄水池/Dry kund

4-門(mén)衛(wèi)室/Watchman's cabin

5-常設(shè)展覽空間/Permanent exhibition space

5 外景/Exterior view

6-變壓器/Transformer

7-入口大門(mén)2（車(chē)行）/Entrance gate 2 (vehicular)

8-食堂/Canteen

9-頂樓蓄水箱/Overhead water tank

10-設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校（二期）/Design school (phase II)

Much of the creative endeavour was to perfecly fantasise a unified space for contemporary learning exchange with keen dialogue with past - a factory centre with a clear intent of celebrating "building culture experience".

The project's contoured site, like many other new areas is part of upcoming urban neighbourhood -Undri, located on the out-skirts of Pune city; wherein local predominant built components comprise of housing parcels. Apart from two arterial roads, a hilly range in the far backdrop composes the only significant aspect of the brown field.

It was recognised that the development of this site offered the opportunity to create a muchneeded intervening institutional social hub between the housing densities. This new campus was consequently briefed to be an identity of knowledge having symbolic value integrated with the city culture and spirit.

First, designing process from the inside-out(Intrinsic) - engaging the specified functional needs and spiritual pursuit of the programme.Secondly, the outside-in process (Extrinsic) -making neighbourhood fabric and street culture's connections to the campus.

The "Plan" is powerfully symmetric. Conforming the intrinsic principle, from the reception plaza the observer is engaged in a quintessential pedestrian realm guided by their own intuition to understand interior spaces. The interior informal spaces are designed as interlinked circulation network - a fluid network designed as kind of spatial series,composed of amphitheatres, bridges, corridors,open-to-sky courtyards, overhangs, platforms,ramps, stairs and verandah. This "fluid circuit" of connection throughout the building encourages the creative informal engage across and between users that is central to the workings of such school.

Extrinsically, the aggregate volume assembly is conceived on a monumental vocabulary of layered and opaque brick-cladded parallel walls, descending in scale from southern studio's direction towards the northern entrance plaza rhythmically fragmenting to meet the human scale. This largely monolithic massing is deliberated, reminiscing heritage history of the region. The functional hierarchy within dictated the architectural roof geometry of the building's enclosure. Consequently, these parallel walls are roofed by accessible sloping and flat terraces, accommodating administrative and learning programme respectively. Climbing down,the project resembles a series of sculpted terraces quarried into the contoured landscape. The building encloses a landscaped loggia and indoor piazza in the form of a Central Court, serving the school a social core for interactive destination and a kind of decongestion chamber.

The studio string are developed as modular enclosed pavilions; interconnected by light, airy and overlooking mezzanine, hosting intimate working spaces fostering the motto of interactive learning experience.

Manipulation of the building section for light and ventilation in inventive ways has inspired our approach towards a volumetric planning in different light. The studio is the basic modular block of the building. Enclosed, Semi-enclosed and open spaces have been interlocked not only to reflect their interdependent relationships but also for their varying needs of natural light. Studio's openings on South fa?ade are sheltered with large overhangs opening generous view of hills in the site backdrop.Additional studio light is strategically crafted via"clerestory" openings. Spaces that do not have a requirement for the same quality of natural light,such as the administration and offces are purposely planned on the north fa?ade where access to users sunlight is balanced through application of shaded courts. Punctuated courts not only light up but also allow for the integration of programme, spatial modulation and ventilation. The light shafts deliver natural light through the depth of the building volume providing direct connectivity with the exterior through the changing intensity and colour of the ambience. In addition, they enhance thermal performance of the space throughout the building,reducing the need for active conditioning of air.Moreover these sun-lit volumes enhanced by the immaterial presence of silence render a meditative integrity to spaces.

Quantitative differences between the analyzed groups should be considered as the limitation of this study,as well as the lack of information on the long-term results.

The landscaping of the surroundings expresses the school's sensitivity in the urban fabric embodying a progressive life for the Building craft.The natural surface run-off water is routed and harvested into concealed tank and seasonal stepped kund through open ducts. Conclusively, the sense of introspection and peace of this terraced monument;ambitions itself to immerse in time.□

6 首層平面/Ground floor plan

7 二層平面/First floor plan

8 三層平面/Second floor plan

9 四層平面/Third floor plan

10 立面/Elevation

11-16 剖面/Sections

17 院子/Courtyard

18 剖面詳圖/Detail of section

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶(hù)/Client: Satish Misal Educational Foundation (Pooja Misal)

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: Girish Doshi

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Girish Doshi, Ajeet Hippergekar,Ubez Shaikh

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineer: Vilas Purandare

機(jī)電顧問(wèn)/Electrical Consultant: Sachin Godbole

工程管理顧問(wèn)/Project Management Consultant: Nikhil Gathani (R.K.Gathani Engineers)

承包商/Contractors: Ajay Sanas, Sanskruti Buildcon

標(biāo)識(shí)設(shè)計(jì)/Signage: Sayali Sancheti (Forest Communications)占地面積/Site Area: 20,000m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 3529m2

項(xiàng)目啟動(dòng)/Initiation of Project: 2012.04

攝影/Photos: Onil Shah (fig.1,17,19-21), Hemant Patil(fig.2,3,5,22-25)

19-22 流線(xiàn)/Route views

23.24 內(nèi)景/Interior views

評(píng)論

王亦知：建筑師以非常嫻熟的手法打造出這一建筑群。相對(duì)于外部形象的塑造，建筑師似乎更加著迷于內(nèi)在空間的營(yíng)造，多樣的材質(zhì)、構(gòu)成和色彩，創(chuàng)造出一片錯(cuò)綜的小環(huán)境，以及復(fù)雜的交錯(cuò)流線(xiàn)，從而極大地延展了空間的尺度和豐富性。建筑在北立面精心設(shè)計(jì)出極具幾何感的錯(cuò)落形象供人觀賞，然而相信漫步其中才是體驗(yàn)這一建筑的正確方式。

Comments

WANG Yizhi:The architectural techniques applied on the construction group by the architect are quite skillful. Compared with creation of external form, it seems that the architect is more obsessed with the interior space: diversified materials, structures, and colours to create a complex small environment and complicated interwoven flow lines, which expand the spatial dimension and enriches the space to a great extent. Though a delicate geometrical image is designed on northern fa?ade of the construction for people's appreciation, I believe the right way to experience the building is to wander in it. (Translated by QIAN Fang)

丁建華：這并不是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)意義上“上鏡”的建筑，建筑師并不避忌暴露建筑的“素顏照”，而呈現(xiàn)其最真實(shí)的材質(zhì)與使用。粗獷與力量，或許是對(duì)它最直觀的感受，然而仔細(xì)考量之下，卻也不難發(fā)現(xiàn)建筑師的精巧構(gòu)思所在：如豐富的空間形式為孕育多樣校園活動(dòng)提供基質(zhì)；又如學(xué)習(xí)空間內(nèi)對(duì)光、風(fēng)能量要素的細(xì)膩處理，使建成環(huán)境的舒適與健康成為可能；再如多種材料與三原色的精心拼配與應(yīng)用，更為原本嚴(yán)肅厚重的磚砌建筑帶來(lái)別樣的生機(jī)與詩(shī)意，這種“粗中有細(xì)”的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比，更凸顯匠心獨(dú)運(yùn)。

DING Jianhua:This is not a traditional "pictureperfect" building. Architects do not avoid exposing the building without "filters", but presenting its most authentic materials and functions. Roughness and strength may be the most intuitive feelings about it.However, for this study, it is not diffcult tofind out the ingenious ideas of the architect. The rich spatial form provides a matrix for the breeding of diverse campus activities. Another example is the delicate treatment of light and wind in the learning space, making the comfort and health of the built environment as far as possible. Also the careful combination and application of a variety of materials and three primary colours,which brings different vitality and poetry to the originally serious and heavy brick building. This strong contrast between "crude and refined" is rather unique.

25 內(nèi)院/Inner courtyard