英文摘要

ResearchontheMuseumCollectionfromaNewPerspectiveofGlobalHistory

Yang Jin

Abstract:In the age of globalization, the museum collection research should adopt various ways, such as global perspective, international communication,andacademic exchange.The research should focus on global relevance and organizinga global forum to dig the meaning and value of global history.Under The Belt And One Road Initiative, the capability construction of museums depends on continuouslyexploring the model of collection and inheriting traditional culture.

Keywords:Museum, Collection Research, ANew Perspective of Global History

ViewingtheInheritanceandTransformationofNaturalHistoryMuseumfromtheaspectsofCollecting,ResearchandSpreading:A Case Study on American Museum of Natural History

Jiao Zhengshan

Abstract:American Museum of Natural History (AMNH)celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2019.The museum’s social functions having been gradually identified as education, collection and research, the role of objects in museums has transformed as well.Taking AMNH as an example, this paper discusses the changing of collections’role in education, research and knowledge spreading.Reflected the transformation and innovation of natural history museums, the process of changing,which AMNH is experiencing, will enlighten the development of natural history museums in the future.And it will also help us to understand the nature and value of natural history museums in a contemporary context.

Keywords:American Museum of Natural History, history, education

DifferencesandConnectionsbetweenCollectionsofScienceMuseumsandExhibitsinScienceCenters

Long Jinjing

Abstract:The relationship between scientific collections and interactive exhibits is the basis for studying the relevance of educational functions of museums and science centers.Starting with a discussion for different sources and characteristics of scientific collections and interactive exhibits,this paper analyzes the relationship between scientific collections and interactive exhibits designed by taking the former as prototypes, and explores reasons and ways of prototypes’transforming.This paper also summarizes essential differences between scientific collections and interactive exhibits from perspectives of pedagogy and cognition.Finally, it explains different ideas and strategies of science education taken by museums and science centers, which are developed on the base of scientific collections and interactive exhibitions.

Keywords:science and technology museums, science centers, scientific collections, interactive exhibits, science education

CollectionandUtilizationofContemporaryScientificandTechnologicalCulturalRelics:Some Thoughts on the Collection of Professor Li Dewei’s Objects by the National Museum of China

Lv Weitao

Abstract:On October 16, 2018, a donation ceremony about Professor Li Dewei’s collection of objects was held at China University of Geosciences (Wuhan).The objects included 11 sets of scientific examination tools, records, old clothes, various documents and certificates used by Professor Li Dewei in his lifetime.Collection is one of the main business of museums.As the highest palace of history, culture and art in China, collecting what kind of cultural relics reflects the value orientation of National Museum and has strong social influence.The collection by the National Museum of Professor Li Dewei’s scientific examination materials is the inheritance of the excellent cultural genes of the Chinese nation and the promotion of the noble qualities of the model of the times.

Keywords:museum, objects collection, scientist items, Li Dewei

AnOverviewontheRolesofInformatizationPlayedinaSmartScienceCenter

Wang Liming Zhong Qi

Abstract:To explore the future direction and development strategy for science centers, this article defined smart science centers as a kind of ideal form developed along with the construction of informatization.And under the aim of describing features for smart science centers, this article analyzed challenges of informatization construction in them, as well as its natures and trends from different perspectives of technology, operation, communication and education.The results showed four roles the informatizations hould play in a smart science center, they are enlightening innovative service and collaboration, promoting advanced educational technologies, expanding the scope of the audience and improving the integration of exhibition and education.Each role evolves independently and intermingles with others to generate the systematic pathway towards a smart science center.

Keywords:smart science centers, informatization, educational technology, integration of exhibition and education

TheEvolutionRoleofMuseumAudiencesinNewAge:A Case Study on the Exhibition ofWhoDecides？

Fan Luwei Li Fuqiang

Abstract:Over the past few decades, museums in China have developed rapidly, and their social functions have been progressively expanded.Unlike in the past, the museum today is audience-centered and community-oriented.Its exhibition concept and the role of museum audience have changed dramatically.TakingWhoDecides? Exhibition planned by the National Museum of Wales as an example, this paper analyses the development of Museum exhibition concept and the evolution of audience roles as stranger, guests,curators in the new era of museums.The case in this paper provides suggestions and references to Museum curatorial mode in the new era.

Keywords:museum, exhibition planning, audience role, development

ExtractionandExpressionofExhibitionTheme:The Interpretation on the Spiritual Connotation of “Two Bombs and One Satellite” in the Memorial Hall of the Atomic City of Qinghai

Xiao Quanliang

Abstract:The exhibition display is the main form to interpret the spiritual and cultural connotation of different themes, and the special platform for publicity and display of the memorial hall.It is composed of various elements such as venue, scene, display, interaction and language, and its effect is an important factor influencing the main function of the memorial hall.Taking the memorial hall of Qinghai atomic city as an example, focusing on the interpretation and inheritance of the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite”, this paper analyzed the objective, theme, content and form of the design structure of the memorial hall , and gave suggestions to realize the social education function of the memorial hall.

Keywords:museum, exhibition display, subject, extraction, interpretation

DevelopmentTrendsofScienceMuseuminNewEra:Improving the Ability of Science Education

Shen Yan Song Xian

Abstract:Science museums play an important role in spreading cutting-edge scientific knowledge, promotingpublic science literacy and building scientific atmosphere for cities.In recent years, the numbers of different kinds of science venues and visitors both grow rapidly, also the content and forms of educational programs constantly enrich.At the same time,science museums in China are facing a turning point of innovating science educationunder the new circumstance.Based on the research for current situations of the science museums abroad, this paper summaries advantages and innovational features those museums have in the field of educational research, collection management and community interaction.And this paper also gives deep concern on how to break through the existing bottleneck,to provide reference for improving the ability of science education in domestic science museums.

Keywords:science museum, new era, science education, innovation

Sextant:AWitnessofModernNavigationTechniques

Si Hongwei

Abstract:From April to May 2019, adonated sextant was shown to the public on the exhibition of “A Century of Instruments”in Tsinghua University Science Museum.Sextant, an instrument for determining the angle between the horizon and a celestial bodysuch as the Sun, the Moon, or a star, is used in celestial navigation to determine latitude and longitude.It was an important invention and played an important role in the development of human navigation in the history of science.This article describes the specific situation of sextant, introduces the sextant’s construction principle and invention history, and reveals the story behind it and its donor.It provides a reference for peer research.

Keywords:Sextant; Optical instrument; Navigation; Science museum; History of science

NewUnderstandingandPracticetoPeopleandObjectsinMuseums:The Enlightenment Brought byCreatingtheVisitor-CenteredMuseum

Yu Qihe

Abstract:There are many new trends in museums in the 21st century, which can be simply described as a shift from “Objects -centered”to “Visitor-centered”.Combined with years of observation to European and American museums, the author ofCreatingtheVisitor-CenteredMuseumprovides a powerful model for Chinese museums to integrate into this reform by case studies and in-depth interviews of ten museums and art galleries.The changes, which happened in the fields of staff functions, interpretation methods, exhibition renovation and social activities, provide new ideas and practical guidelines for the organization reform and exhibition activity planning in China’s museums in the future.

Keywords:museums, exhibitions, planning, education, book review

TheContributionofScience-RichResourcestoPublicScienceInterest(PartII)John H.Falk Scott Pattison David Meier David Bibas Kathleen Livingston

Translated by Yang Yujuan

Abstract:Schools, science centers, broadcast media, print mediaand the Internetare considered as the five major resources for public science education.Over 3,000 adults were sampled in three U.S.metropolitan areas, this preliminary study examined the effect of resources mentioned above—had on adults’science interest values and cognitive predispositions..This section showed that five factors uniquely and significantly predicted adults’science interest, values, and cognitive predispositions in the multivariate models: (a)early adolescent experiences visiting a science center, (b)early adolescent experiences watching science-related televisionporgrams, (c)adults’visiting to a science center, (d)adults’reading of science books and magazines, and (e)adults’sciencelearning through internet.Issues on self-selection, experiences quality, and the complexity and synergy of science learning ecosystem.are also discussed in this paper.

Keywords:science education resources, science interest, learning ecosystem, relevance, investigation