would rather用法面面觀

用法點(diǎn)撥

would rather是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的慣用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式（美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中多用had rather）。would rather的縮寫(xiě)成“？蒺d rather”形式，would在此毫無(wú)“過(guò)去”之意，且無(wú)詞性、時(shí)態(tài)的變化。

為了幫助同學(xué)們正確地學(xué)習(xí)和使用would rather，現(xiàn)將其常見(jiàn)用法歸納如下：

一、would rather+ 動(dòng)詞原形

“would rather+ 動(dòng)詞原形”形式，意為“寧可……；寧愿……；最好……”，常用來(lái)表示選擇的意愿。其否定形式為“would rather not do sth.”。例如：

？譹？訛The old man would rather donate money to charity than buy himself expensive things. 這位老人寧愿將錢(qián)捐給慈善組織，也不愿為自己買昂貴的東西。

？譺？訛You？蒺d rather not wake a sleeping dog， would you？ 你總不想沒(méi)事找麻煩，對(duì)吧？

二、would rather...than...

would rather與than連用，可以構(gòu)成另一個(gè)慣用句式，即“would rather...than...”或“would...rather than...”，意為“寧可（愿）……（而）不要（愿）……”“與其……不如……”用以表達(dá)主語(yǔ)的意愿，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過(guò)選擇后做其中的一件事，而不愿做另一件事。例如：

①—Driving less， walking more is good for our health. 開(kāi)車越少，走路越多對(duì)我們的健康越有好處。

—So I？蒺d rather take an hour？蒺s walk to work than consider driving a car. 所以我寧愿花一個(gè)小時(shí)步行去上班，也不考慮開(kāi)車去上班。

②—Let？蒺s play football on the playground.讓我們?cè)诓賵?chǎng)上踢足球吧。

—It？蒺s too hot outside. I would stay at home rather than go out. 外面太熱了。我寧愿待在家里也不愿出去。

【注意】在使用would rather...than...結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.would rather...than... / would...rather than...也可以顛倒為rather than...would...。would （rather）和than后都接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，若選用的動(dòng)詞相同，那么than 后的動(dòng)詞可以省略。例如：

①I would rather have rice than noodle. 我寧愿吃米飯也不吃面條。

②Rather than work in such bad condition， he would give up. 與其在這樣差的條件下工作，他寧愿放棄。

2.使用“would rather...than...”句型時(shí)，要注意“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”，即在than 的前后要用兩個(gè)同類的詞或詞組，如兩個(gè)名詞、兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式、兩個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)等。例如：

①I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. 我寧愿騎自行車也不愿乘公共汽車去上班。

②I would rather talk with his mother than with his father. 我寧愿和他媽說(shuō)話而不愿和他爸說(shuō)話。

③I would rather fail than cheat in the examination. 我寧愿考試不及格，也不愿意考試作弊。

三、would rather 與would rather...than...用于疑問(wèn)句

在疑問(wèn)句中，would rather 與would rather...than...中的would要放在主語(yǔ)之前。例如：

①Which would you rather have， apples or bananas？ 你喜歡吃蘋(píng)果還是香蕉？

②Would you rather read a novel than read a poem？ 你寧愿看小說(shuō)而不愿朗讀詩(shī)歌嗎？

四、would rather+從句

“would rather+從句”是一個(gè)常用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型，該句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。其意為“寧愿……；還是…… 好些”“一個(gè)人寧愿另一個(gè)人做某事”。

在這類句型中，引導(dǎo)從句的that常被省略。在談到過(guò)去的動(dòng)作時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

①John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 約翰今天想去看我。我寧愿他明天來(lái)看我而不是今天。（句中came不是表示過(guò)去而是表示將來(lái)）

②We？蒺d rather he paid us the money tomorrow. 我們寧愿他明天付給我們那筆錢(qián)。

③I？蒺d rather she had asked me before borrowing the car.我真希望她先問(wèn)我一聲再借車。

真題鏈接

1.His uncle would rather the old bike than a new one.

【2015·煙臺(tái)中考題】

A.repair； to buy B.to repair； buy

C.repair； buy D.to repair； to buy

【答案與解析】C 本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。句意為“他叔叔寧愿 舊自行車也不愿意 一輛新的?！眗epair意為“修理”，buy意為“買”。 would rather do sth. than do sth. 意為“寧愿做某事而不愿做某事”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.I prefer the failure rather than my dream.

【2018·龍東中考題】

A.experience；to give up

B.to experience；give up

C.experiencing；giving up

【答案與解析】C 本題考查prefer及rather than的用法。句意：我寧愿經(jīng)歷失敗，也不會(huì)放棄夢(mèng)想。prefer意為“更喜歡……”，與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)用動(dòng)詞？鄄ing形式；...rather than...意為“……而不愿……”，rather than前后連接的是相同的部分。故選擇C項(xiàng)。

3.—Are you going swimming this afternoon？

—I？蒺d rather with you.

【2016·蘭州中考題】

A.to go shopping B.go shoping

C.to go shoping D.go shopping

【答案與解析】D 答句中I？蒺d rather是I would rather的縮寫(xiě)形式。would rather意為“寧愿”，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，排除A、C兩項(xiàng)；shop的動(dòng)詞？鄄ing形式為shopping，排除B項(xiàng)。故選擇D項(xiàng)。

跟蹤檢測(cè)

一、根據(jù)句意，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.—Which do you prefer， Chinese food or Western food？

—I would rather Chinese food. Let？蒺s have noodles.

A.to have B.having

C.had D.have

2.At present， many people would rather in the country because there is pollution in the city.

A.live； more B.to live； less

C.live； less D.to live； more

3.—I won？蒺t go to the concert this evening. I

watch the NBA on TV. It？蒺s more exciting.

A.had better B.would rather

C.ought to D.have to

4.—Would you like some fried rice？

—I would rather eat noodles have beef in them.

A.that B.than

C.what D.as

二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子，完成下列英語(yǔ)句子。每空詞數(shù)不限。

5.他寧可住在鄉(xiāng)下，也不愿意在城市里謀生。

He？蒺d rather .

6.她寧愿嚴(yán)格要求自己也不愿放棄夢(mèng)想。

She would rather .

7.但愿他不會(huì)把這件事告訴她。

I would rather he about it.

8.你比較喜歡成為一位歌手還是合唱團(tuán)中的一員？

a solo artist or in a group？

9.我倒想不告訴你為好。

you.

10.我真希望你那天沒(méi)有把那消息告訴他。

I？蒺d rather the news that day.

（答案見(jiàn)第64頁(yè)）