A legend is born

江蘇徐州七中 彭向梅

悅讀貼士

本刊所有文章中注釋的詞匯均為非課標(biāo)詞匯，無須記憶與理解。在文后注釋的詞匯為課標(biāo)詞匯，建議同學(xué)們將后者整理為詞匯掌中寶，以便隨帶隨記。

Step 1感知·閱讀導(dǎo)航

話題導(dǎo)入

在金庸先生筆下的武俠世界中，身懷“輕功”的俠客們飛檐走壁，武功高強(qiáng)，智勇雙全，懲惡揚(yáng)善，充滿了江湖熱血。對(duì)于武俠小說迷來說，這是再熟悉不過的世界。但是作為中國乃至東方獨(dú)有的文化，西方讀者對(duì)武俠小說卻很陌生。值得慶祝的是，金庸先生的《射雕英雄傳》等作品被逐漸翻譯為英文，讓西方讀者也能通過武俠小說讀出世間滄桑百態(tài)，體會(huì)到其中蘊(yùn)含的中國文化、中國思想和中國世界觀。

全文471詞，難度中等，建議用時(shí)為7分鐘。

閱讀立意

閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)達(dá)到以下四個(gè)目標(biāo)：

1.通過快讀，感悟說明文文體特點(diǎn)；

2.通過細(xì)讀，理解并概括武俠作品在國內(nèi)流行但在西方遇冷的原因；

3.通過讀中思考，分析金庸作品翻譯受歡迎的原因及可能存在的困難；

4.通過向外國讀者介紹四大名著英譯本中的一本，培養(yǎng)概括性思維能力，弘揚(yáng)中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化。

Legends of the Condor Heroes（《射雕英雄傳》）is written by Jin Yong，the pen name of 94-year-old Louis Cha，the best-selling Chinese author alive today.Chinese martial arts have longbeen regarded as an important symbol of Chinese culture，and are one of the most popular cultural exports from China to the West.However，most of themremain relatively unknown among Western readers.

Jin Yong's Wuxia novelshave been translated into Englishbefore forthe academic research—but these were expensive to buy and quickly out of print.Legends of the Condor Heroes is thus the first of Jin Yong's Wuxia novels to be produced in English for generaldistribution.

Although the story was first published in Chinese in 1957，Holmwood believes now is the right time in both China and the West for therelease.“Contact between China and the West has been deepeningsince China's opening up began in the late 1970s.But cultural contact came only in the last 15 to 20 years due to a lack of linguistic（語言的）competence，”said Holmwood.

Legends of the Condor Heroes is set in China in the 13th century.Martial artists like Guo Jing，the hero of the novel who is a Han man butraisedon the Mongol territory（領(lǐng)土），emergeto fight for the future of the empire.Alongside him are all kungfu masters who fly from this tree to that and walk on walls by controlling their breath and muscles after long-term kungfu practice instead of with the assistance of magic power，which is the most attractive and mysterious element to Western readers.

Another important part of the novel is the Mongol aspect，with Genghis Khan，one of the series'major characters.“In a way，the Mongols being included in the story kind of acts like a gateway for Western people into the Chinese setting and this historical background，”Holmwood said.

Holmwood believes there has been already a basis for Jin Yong's works tobe well-received in the West.“Wuxia fictionis unique toChina and East Asia as a whole，but it also has elements in common with modern fantasy and epic（史詩般的）historical romance which have been popular in the West.”

Jin Yong's stories are not only about kungfu，buttouch onChinese philosophy（哲學(xué)），

religion and classical allusions（典故），withall kinds of Chinese traditional elementsfound throughout the novels.

For Holmwood，translation is not just about making sure that a text isaccurateor correct.Her guiding principle（原則）is to make sure readers canexperience the fun and satisfaction of reading a novelin the same way native readers do，stressing the importance offlexibility（靈活性）in literature translation.Her primary goal is that in the future the excitement of Jin Yong's Wuxia novels willencourage more people to explore the Chinese language and the culture.

Step 2 實(shí)踐·文本解讀

閱讀掃障

生義例句I d o n't l i k e a n y o f t h e s e n e w r e l e a s e s t h i s y e a r.今年的新片我都不喜歡。r a i s e（P a r a.4）文中詞條r e l e a s e（P a r a.3）s t r e s s（P a r a.8）基本含義放開；松開；解脫舉起；抬起；增加；引起 撫養(yǎng)；養(yǎng)育 H e h a s b e e n w o r k i n g v e r y h a r d t o r a i s e h i s s o n s i n c e緊張；壓力；重音 強(qiáng)調(diào)；著重 T h e d o c t o r s t r e s s e d t h e i m p o r t a n c e o f a h e a l t h y d i e t.引申含義發(fā)布；發(fā)行物h i s d i v o r c e.他離婚后非常努力工作養(yǎng)活他的兒子。醫(yī)生強(qiáng)調(diào)了健康飲食的重要性。

Ⅰ.熟詞生義

Ⅱ.熱詞積累

Vocabulary

1.symbol n.a sign，shape or object which is used to represent something else標(biāo)志；象征

2.relatively adv.to a certain degree，especially when compared with other things of the same kind相對(duì)地

3.distribution n.the process of giving things out to several people，or spreading or supplying something分發(fā)；分配

4.deepen v.to become stronger or greater，or to make something stronger or greater加深；加強(qiáng)

5.competence n.the ability to do something well能力

6.emerge v.to appear by coming out of something or out from behind something出現(xiàn)

7.mysterious adj.strange，difficult to know or understand神秘的；難以解釋/理解的

8.accurate adj.correct，exact and without any mistakes準(zhǔn)確的；精確的；正確的

Phrases

1.be regarded as an important symbol of Chinese culture被認(rèn)為是中國文化的重要標(biāo)志

2.remain relatively unknown amongWestern readers在西方讀者中仍然相對(duì)不知名

3.have been translated into English已被翻譯成英文

4.the academic research學(xué)術(shù)研究

5.deepen contact between China and the West深化中西方交往

6.with the assistance of借助于……；在……幫助下

7.the most attractive and mysterious element to Western readers對(duì)西方讀者來說最有吸引力和最神秘的元素

8.be well-received in the West在西方很受歡迎

9.be unique to對(duì)……來說是獨(dú)有的

10.touch on涉及；提及；談及

11.all kinds of Chinese traditional elements中國各種傳統(tǒng)元素

12.experience the fun and satisfaction of reading a novel體驗(yàn)閱讀小說的樂趣和滿足感

13.stress the importance of強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性

14.encourage more people to explore the Chinese language and the culture鼓勵(lì)更多的人去探索中國的語言和文化

Ⅲ.句型積累

Alongside him are all kungfu masters who fly from this tree to that and walk on walls by controlling their breath and muscles after longterm kungfu practice instead of with the assistance of magic power，which is the most attractive and mysterious element to Western readers.

翻譯：________________________________________________________________

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句較長，首先要理清結(jié)構(gòu)。主句Alongside him are all kungfu masters是完全倒裝，主語為all kungfu masters，后接who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾主語部分。后面which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)句子。

句式仿寫

當(dāng)老師要求我回答一個(gè)問題時(shí)，我總是緊張得無法回答，這讓我很難過。（請(qǐng)使用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句）

立意呈現(xiàn)

Ⅰ.Fast reading to find the structure of the text.One word for each blank.

【點(diǎn)石成金】說明文是介紹事物、解說事理的文章。有的以時(shí)間為說明順序，有的以空間為說明順序。此篇文章，時(shí)間點(diǎn)是隱性的。細(xì)心的同學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，第2段首句出現(xiàn)了before；第3段首句出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞now；尾段末句出現(xiàn)了future一詞，這說明本文是按照時(shí)間和事件發(fā)展的順序來敘述金庸的小說為什么能夠成功走向西方國家的。

Ⅱ.Careful reading to grasp the sub-topic and its supporting materials.

Find the answers from the paragraph 2～3.One word for each blank.

E f f e c t J i n Y o n g's W u x i a n o v－e l s w e r e o u t o f p r i n t.C a u s e s◆I t w a s u s e d f o r（1）_______r e s e a r c h.◆T h e s e w e r e t o o（2）_______t o b u y.◆C u l t u r a l c o n t a c t w a s i n a d e q u a t e f o r a（3）_______o f l i n g u i s t i c c o m p e t e n c e.

Ⅲ.Read the passage and pick out the sentences acting as the reasons.

A.Chinese martial arts stand for Chinese culture for a long time.

B.TheMongolsprovidesagatewayfor Western people into the Chinese setting and this historical background.

C.Western readers have a preference for Guo Jing，the hero of the novel.

D.Western readers are interested in longterm kungfu practice.

E.Wuxia fiction has elements in common with modern fantasy and epic historical romance which have been popular in the West.

F.Jin Yong's stories include all kinds of Chinese traditional elements found throughout the novels.

G.Translation is accurate so that more people are encouraged to explore the Chinese language and the culture.

【點(diǎn)石成金】同學(xué)們?cè)陂喿x文本時(shí)，應(yīng)注意閱讀策略的積累。無論是說明文還是記敘文，英語的行文都是按照“topic sentence+supporting sentences”的形式展開的。而支撐句，要注意話題的關(guān)聯(lián)性，通常都是圍繞話題出現(xiàn)在話題討論的段落內(nèi)。例如，此題中A選項(xiàng)位于首段，表述的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在首段末句，路標(biāo)詞是However，A選項(xiàng)是為了說明盡管中國武術(shù)長久以來代表中國文化，但在西方讀者中仍然相對(duì)不知名，故不選。C選項(xiàng)為主觀臆斷；G選項(xiàng)是句意理解發(fā)生偏差，定位句在最后一段末尾兩句，原文是強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)翻譯的靈活性，強(qiáng)調(diào)翻譯的重點(diǎn)在于鼓勵(lì)西方讀者探索中國語言和文化。

Step 3 運(yùn)用·讀寫整合

Ⅰ.結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用寫作——情境創(chuàng)設(shè)

經(jīng)典文學(xué)是文學(xué)世界的珍品，包括小說、劇本和詩歌等。作為經(jīng)典，它們一直流傳到今天，成為人們的摯愛。經(jīng)典文學(xué)代表了寫作的非凡成就和智慧，它們今天仍然可以在書店和圖書館找到。

關(guān)于經(jīng)典文學(xué)今日是否受歡迎，新華中學(xué)高一（2）班展開了激烈的討論。李華參與了討論，并根據(jù)討論內(nèi)容記錄了要點(diǎn)筆記。請(qǐng)根據(jù)李華筆記的要點(diǎn)，寫一篇150詞左右的文章。

話題：經(jīng)典文學(xué)今日是否仍受歡迎現(xiàn)象 原因經(jīng)典文學(xué)曾經(jīng)不受歡迎經(jīng)典文學(xué)重現(xiàn)輝煌1.與現(xiàn)代生活聯(lián)系不大，年輕讀者不感興趣；2.文字風(fēng)格與現(xiàn)代迥異，讀者理解困難；3.很多經(jīng)典文學(xué)已經(jīng)停止印刷，許多人不知道經(jīng)典文學(xué)。1.經(jīng)典文學(xué)是中國文化的象征，是我們探索中國文化的門戶；2.被改編成電影、電視，使年輕讀者體驗(yàn)到樂趣和滿足；3.從未消失，始終有一席之地。

參考詞匯：經(jīng)典文學(xué)classical literature

寫作建議：有效使用連接詞可以讓文章更流暢。

【寫作練習(xí)】

Ⅱ.信息綜合實(shí)踐——問題解決

Below are the extracts of Chinese classical literature.Please choose one of them to introduce to Western readers with your reasons.以下是中國經(jīng)典文學(xué)的摘錄，請(qǐng)選擇其中一個(gè)推薦給西方讀者，并給出你的理由。

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms：This is one of the most famous novels of early China which was written about 1330 AD，during the Yuan Dynasty，by a man named Luo Guanzhong.

The Dream of the Red Chamber：Composed by Cao Xueqin，it is one of China's Four Great Classical Novels.It was written in the middle of the 18th century during the Qing Dynasty.

Other literary works likeWater Marginby Shi Naian，Journey to the Westby Wu Cheng'en，have made notable（顯著的）contributions to Chinese literature.

【寫作要點(diǎn)】

1.選擇的書籍和選擇的原因；

2.選擇的原因可結(jié)合書籍特點(diǎn)和本文所學(xué)語料資源。

【寫作過程】

【寫作提示】

A legend is born一文的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)可分為三部分，分別論述了金庸小說英譯本過去未能推廣開來的原因、現(xiàn)在卻廣受歡迎的原因和未來面臨的潛在挑戰(zhàn)。在宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)下，需要注意的是，每一部分的內(nèi)部微觀結(jié)構(gòu)是“現(xiàn)象—原因”的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)。同學(xué)們?cè)趯懳恼聲r(shí)，也應(yīng)該嘗試和積累。

Step 4 提升·素養(yǎng)建構(gòu)

解讀金庸

哪里有華人，哪里就有人談金庸。金庸先生用一生創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)幾乎是無法超越的文學(xué)現(xiàn)象。他從1955到1972年間共創(chuàng)作了12部長篇小說，2部中篇小說，為全世界華人開創(chuàng)了奇妙世界。金庸小說中的英雄人物常常是“仁”和“義”的化身?！叭省笔菍?duì)大眾的疾苦冤屈的充分關(guān)懷，“義”是“為國為民，俠之大者”的胸襟。中國的傳統(tǒng)思想文化是儒家文化與道家文化為主，兩者教人盡力為人，追求世事的公平合理，其極致是“殺身成仁，舍生取義”。武俠小說的基本傳統(tǒng)也就是表達(dá)這種哲學(xué)思想。金庸的每部小說都塑造了極其經(jīng)典的人物形象，讓人久久難忘。其作品拍成的電視、電影，熱度經(jīng)久不衰。

下面是對(duì)《射雕英雄傳》英譯本和金庸其他作品的評(píng)價(jià)，文化視角不同卻同樣飽含贊譽(yù)，奇文共賞、共品、共評(píng)。

●Jin Yong's novels have been passed down in the East from generation to generation and thus nurture people of all ages.For adults，they are fairy tales，while for children，they are mythologies（神話）.Anyone who longs to grow up and yearns for innocence after reaching maturity must read his novels. （Yan Lianke，Man Booker International shortlisted author）

金庸的作品在東方代代相傳，孕育了各個(gè)年齡段的人。對(duì)成年人來說，它們是童話，而對(duì)孩子們來說，它們是神話。任何渴望長大成人在成熟后又渴望天真無邪的人，都必須讀他的小說。（閻連科，布克國際入圍作者）

●The pace and drama is as swift and smooth as the intricate and detailed fighting scenes.This is the first in the series and I shall look forward to reading the second.（Historical Novel Review）

節(jié)奏和戲劇性就像復(fù)雜而細(xì)致的戰(zhàn)斗場(chǎng)景一樣迅速而流暢。這是本系列的第一篇，我期待著閱讀第二篇。（《歷史小說評(píng)論》）

●AChineseLordoftheRings.（IrishTimes）中國的指環(huán)王。（《愛爾蘭時(shí)報(bào)》）

●His works show a great amount of respect and approval for traditional Chinese values，especially Confucian ideals such as the proper relationship between ruler and subject，parent and child，elder sibling and younger sibling...However，he also questions the validity of these values in the face of a modern society，such as ostracism （排斥）experienced by his two main characters—Yang Guo's romantic relationship with his teacher Xiaolongnü inThe Return of the Condor Heroes.Cha also places a great amount of emphasis on traditional values such as face and honour.（Wikipedia）

他的作品表現(xiàn)出對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀的極大尊重和認(rèn)同，特別是儒家的理想，如統(tǒng)治者與臣民、父母與子女、年長和年幼的兄弟姐妹之間的恰當(dāng)關(guān)系……。然而，他也質(zhì)疑這些價(jià)值觀在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中的有效性，比如他的兩個(gè)主要人物所經(jīng)歷的排斥——楊過在《神雕俠侶》中與他的老師小龍女的浪漫關(guān)系。金庸（查的筆名）也非常重視傳統(tǒng)的價(jià)值觀，如面子和榮譽(yù)。（維基百科）

●Jin Yong is considered as the most influential martial arts novelist in twentiethcentury Chinese literary history.His novels are regarded by readers and critics as“the common language of Chinese around the world”.

金庸被譽(yù)為二十世紀(jì)中國文學(xué)史上最具影響力的武術(shù)小說家。他的小說被讀者和評(píng)論家視為“世界華人的共同語言”。