詞匯短語園地（四）

1. realise vt. 領(lǐng)悟；了解；實(shí)現(xiàn)；實(shí)行

He didnt realise his mistakes.

他沒有意識(shí)到他的錯(cuò)誤。

I realised my dream finally.

我最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己的夢(mèng)想。

reality n. 現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)際

realizable adj. 可實(shí)現(xiàn)的；可實(shí)行的

realistic adj. 現(xiàn)實(shí)的；實(shí)際的；實(shí)事求是的

2. destroy vt. 破壞；毀壞

The building was destroyed by the fire.

這座建筑被大火徹底焚毀了。

The accident destroyed my hope of happiness.

這場(chǎng)意外毀掉了我獲得幸福的希望。

3. aim vi. 以……為目標(biāo)；打算；瞄準(zhǔn)；對(duì)準(zhǔn)

He aims to become a football player.

他想成為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。

The factory must aim at increasing production.

工廠必須以增加產(chǎn)量為目標(biāo)。

（1） aim to do sth 力求達(dá)到；以做……為目標(biāo)

They are aiming to reduce the cost by 50%.

他們正力求使開銷減少50%。

（2） aim at doing sth （aim for sth） 希望達(dá)到某個(gè)目標(biāo)

They are aiming at collecting some stamps on the exhibition.

他們打算在展覽上收集一些郵票。

We are aiming for the best results.

我們希望得到最好的結(jié)果。

（3） aim at 瞄準(zhǔn)；對(duì)準(zhǔn)

He aimed his gun at her head.

他把槍瞄準(zhǔn)了她的頭部。

（4） be aimed at 目標(biāo)是；目的是

The visit is aimed at expanding relations between the two countries.

這次訪問的目的是擴(kuò)展兩國(guó)之間的關(guān)系。

4. scene n. 景色；風(fēng)景

The sunrise is a beautiful scene. 日出的景色真美。

What a fantastic scene！ 多么迷人的景色！

比較：scene和scenery的區(qū)別

scene和scenery均含“景色、風(fēng)景”之意。scene為可數(shù)名詞，表示“景色”時(shí)指所見之物，也可表示動(dòng)態(tài)或靜止的室內(nèi)或室外的場(chǎng)景；scenery為不可數(shù)名詞，指天然景色或景致，如山川、河流、村莊、森林等。

The beauty of the scene filled us with great pleasure.

美麗的景色讓我們非常愉快。

We passed through lots of beautiful scenery on our journey through the Lake District.

在穿越湖區(qū)的旅途中，我們看到了不少美麗的景色。

5. expression n. 表現(xiàn)；表達(dá)

I sent my teacher some flowers as an expression of thanks.

我給我的老師送去一些鮮花以示感謝。

The scenery is beautiful beyond expression.

那風(fēng)景美得無法形容。

beyond expression 難以形容

freedom of expression 言論自由

give expression to 表達(dá)出……

6. alive adj. 有活力的；有生氣的；活著；在世

Tommy is alive with happiness.

湯米高興得眉飛色舞。

Although he is eighty， he is still very alive.

他雖然已經(jīng)八十歲了，但仍然充滿活力。

Is your mother alive？

你的母親還健在嗎？

注意：alive表示“活著的，在世的”，其反義詞是dead“死的”，沒有比較等級(jí)的變化；但表示“有活力的；活潑的”等意思時(shí)，可以有比較等級(jí)的變化，且通常加more，most構(gòu)成。

My grandfather is more alive than a lot of young people.

我爺爺比許多年輕人更有活力。

bring... alive 使……有趣

come alive 引起興趣；生動(dòng)起來

7. stand vt. 忍受（尤其用于否定句、疑問句）

I cant stand his brother.

他弟弟讓我受不了。

She couldnt stand being kept waiting.

叫她一直等著，她會(huì)受不了。

8. adopt vt. 采納；采用；正式通過（建議、政策等）

All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.

三個(gè)隊(duì)采用了不同的方法處理這個(gè)問題。

The council is expected to adopt the new policy at its next meeting.

委員會(huì)有望在下次會(huì)議正式通過這項(xiàng)新政策。

9. imitate vt. 臨?。环略?；模仿（某人的講話、舉

止）；仿效

His handwriting is difficult to imitate.

他的筆跡很難模仿。

People imitate diamonds with crystal.

人們用水晶仿造鉆石。

Jane imitates the cuckoo.

簡(jiǎn)模仿布谷鳥的叫聲。

He can imitate his teacher perfectly.

他能惟妙惟肖地模仿他的老師。

You should imitate great and kind people.

你應(yīng)仿效偉大而善良的人。

10. observe vt. 觀察；注意到（不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)）

既可以作及物動(dòng)詞又可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。

（1） observe作及物動(dòng)詞表示“注意到、看到”時(shí)，后面接名詞、代詞、that從句、what從句和how從句。

He observed a stranger hanging around the store.

他看到一個(gè)陌生人在商店附近閑逛。

They observed that it was getting dark.

他們注意到天慢慢地黑下來了。

The farmer observed what was going on between them.

那個(gè)農(nóng)民注意到他們之間所發(fā)生的事。

（2） observe作不及物動(dòng)詞表示“觀察，注視”時(shí)，后面接副詞。

You think badly of her， I observe.

你把她想得很壞，我看出來了。

He observed keenly but said little.

他觀察敏銳，但很少說話。

11. aspect n. 方面

The book aims to cover all aspects of city life.

這本書旨在涵蓋城市生活的各個(gè)方面。

She felt she had looked at the problem from every aspect.

她覺得她已從各個(gè)角度去考慮了這個(gè)問題。

12. like n. 愛好；嗜好

dislike n. 憎惡；不喜歡

We all have different likes and dislikes.

我們各有不同的好惡。

He did not try to hide his like （dislike） of his boss.

他沒有掩飾自己對(duì)上司的好（反）感。

13. be/get tired of 對(duì)……厭煩

—Why did you close the door？

—Im tired of listening to the baby crying.

你為什么關(guān)門呢？

嬰兒的哭聲讓我感到厭煩。

Kate told me she was tired of running errands for her sister.

凱特告訴我，她已經(jīng)厭煩給她姐姐跑腿了。

注意：be tired of和be tired with兩個(gè)短語結(jié)構(gòu)相近，但意思不同。be tired of 表示“對(duì)……厭倦”；be tired with表示“因……疲勞”。

14. put off 推遲；延期

Dont put off till tomorrow what can be done today.

今日事，今日畢。

Wed better put off the meeting till Friday.

我們最好把會(huì)議推遲到星期五再開。

15. at ones best 處在最佳狀態(tài)

Beijing is at its best in late spring and autumn.

北京在晚春和秋季時(shí)是最美麗的。

Jack told me that he didnt really feel at his best yesterday.

杰克告訴我他昨天不太舒服。

16. be fond of 喜歡；喜愛

（1） be fond of sb 喜愛（尤指認(rèn)識(shí)已久的人）

Over the years， I have been quite fond of her.

經(jīng)過這么多年，我已經(jīng)相當(dāng)喜歡她了。

（2） be fond of sth/doing sth 喜愛（尤指長(zhǎng)期喜愛的事物或做的事）

We were fond of the house and didnt want to leave.

我們喜歡上了這座房子，不想離開。

17. tell by 從……可以看出

You can tell by the color of the meat.

從肉的顏色可以看出來。

—How can you tell？

—Just by listening to what people say.

你怎么看出來的？

只是聽人們說的。

tell... from... 把……與……區(qū)分開來

tell off 責(zé)備；斥責(zé) tell apart 把……區(qū)分開

tell against 對(duì)……不利 tell of 提及；描述

18. take turns 輪流

take turns in sth/to do sth 依次、輪流做某事

The male and female birds take turns in sitting on the eggs.

雄鳥和雌鳥輪流伏窩。

in turn 依次；輪流；逐個(gè)；轉(zhuǎn)而

The children called out their names in turn.

孩子們逐一自報(bào)姓名。

by turns 輪流地；依次

The book is， by turns， funny and very sad.

這本書時(shí)而妙趣橫生，時(shí)而悲悲戚戚。

19. a series of 一系列的

He attended a series of important meetings.

他參加了一系列的重要會(huì)議。

He did a series of experiments.

他做了一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)。

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A

Vincent Willem van Gogh （30 March， 1853—29 July， 1890） was a Dutch Post-Impressionist artist. He is considered one of the greatest artists with great influence on the greatest artists with great influence on the 20th-century art.

Van Gogh spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. After a brief period as a teacher， he became a missionary （傳教士） in a very poor mining region. He did not begin his career as an artist until 1880； however， during the last ten years of his life， he produced more than 2，000 pieces， including around 900 paintings and 1，100 drawing and sketches （素描）. He worked only with somber colours until he met Impressionism and Neo-Impressionism in Paris. Van Gogh used their bright colours and style of painting in a uniquely recognizable style. Most of his best-known works were produced during his final two years， when he was suffering from serious mental illness.

In 1890， at the age of 37， van Gogh shot himself in the chest. He died two days later， with Theo， his brother and his best friend， at his side， who reported his last words as “The sadness will last forever.” It would not take long before his fame grew higher and higher.

Van Goghs mother threw away quite a number of his paintings. The only painting he sold during his lifetime， The Red Vineyard， was created in 1888. It is now on display in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow， Russia. Several paintings by van Gogh rank among the most expensive paintings in the world. On March 30， 1987 van Goghs painting Irises was sold for a record of $53.9 million at Southbys， New York. On May 15， 1990 his Portrait of Doctor Gachet was sold for $83.5 million at Christies， thus setting a new price record.

1. When did van Gogh begin his career as an artist？

A. At the age of 17. B. At the age of 27.

C. In his late adult life. D. In his early childhood.

2. What does the underlined word “somber” in Paragraph 2 mean？

A. Colorful. B. Different. C. Dark. D. Bright.

3. Whats the right order of van Goghs life experience？

a. taking up drawing

b. working as a teacher

c. working in an art firm

d. working as a missionary

A. c， a， b， d B. c， b， d， a C. b， c， a， d D. b， a， c， d

4. Which of the following can best describe van Goghs final two years？

A. Sad and boring. B. Normal and peaceful.

C. Happy but fruitless. D. Painful but productive.

B

France has been one of the main pioneers of many forms of artistic expression throughout its history. France and art are strongly connected with each other， and it would not be possible to think of world art without thinking of France.

The importance of art in France can be easily seen by the great number of museums and art exhibitions throughout the country. They include the Musée du Louvre， which is one of the great museums of the world. There is also the Musée du Moyen Age in this list， which exhibits medieval art works， and the Centre Pompidou， exhibiting art from the twentieth century. Among other important museums and exhibitions are the Musée d Orsay， where visitors can observe a collection of French art from the century， and the Musée Picasso， which exhibits amazing art works from this outstanding artist. The Musée Rodin is another great place to visit in order to enjoy French art and to observe some amazing sculptures from this artist.

The relation between France and art can be traced back to as long ago as the Stone Age. Many art works dating from this period have been found in France and provide unique information about the culture and art of the world. In France， each different period of time was strongly connected with art and had its own art expression forms and characteristics， and they were closely connected with French history and culture.

5. What can we learn about France from Paragraph 1？

A. It has the greatest museum of the world.

B. Its art plays an important role in world art.

C. It has the largest number of famous artists.

D. Its art makes it the most famous around the world.

6. How many museums are mentioned in the text？

A. Four. B. Five.

C. Six. D. Seven.

7. Which place should you visit if you want to observe some amazing sculptures？

A. The Musée d Orsay. B. The Musée du Moyen Age.

C. The Centre Pompidou. D. The Musée Rodin.

8. What can be implied from the last paragraph？

A. French art is the origin of the world art.

B. France has the longest art history of the world.

C. Art works from the Stone Age are the most valuable.

D. In France different periods of time have different styles of art.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（二）

完形填空

Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to develop a habit of others. The little acts of

give you opportunities to provide service for others. They can make you remember how it feels to be kind and helpful.

We in a rural （鄉(xiāng)村的） area. Most of what we is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions to the is the rubbish that some people throw out of their car windows as they drive along the rural roads. One of the few of living there is the lack （缺少） of public services， such as rubbish collection， which is common in the .

A helping behavior that I practise regularly with my daughters is picking up rubbish in our neighborhood. My daughters often have a to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often say to me in a （n） voice， “Theres some rubbish， Daddy— the car！” And if we have time， we will often get out of our car and pick it up. it may seem strange， we do it. In fact， we it. We pick up rubbish in parks， on sidewalks， almost anywhere.

One day I saw a stranger picking up rubbish on the road. I stopped. He his head and smiled， “I saw you doing this with your family. Its a good to protect our environment.”

There are many other ways to kindness for others. You may share a dinner with a beggar， visit old people in the nursing home， or help the blind the street. You can think of something that can be finished but helpful. It is fun， self?satisfying， and whats more， it can set a good example. Helping others is helping yourself.

1. A. watching B. welcoming C. helping D. teaching 2. A. kindness B. happiness C. carefulness D. silliness

3. A. hard B. unusual C. easy D. great 4. A. work B. live C. travel D. stay 5. A. see B. dream C. need D. develop 6. A. nature B. beauty C. area D. weather 7. A. favorites B. disadvantages

C. wishes D. answers

8. A. comfortable B. modern C. necessary D. excellent 9. A. city B. village C. square D. street 10. A. rest B. competition C. look D. talk

11. A. surprised B. tired C. excited D. angry 12. A. speed B. start C. move D. stop 13. A. Although B. But C. Unless D. Since 14. A. enjoy B. experience C. forget D. understand 15. A. covered B. lowered C. shook D. raised

16. A. sport B. idea C. result D. question 17. A. provide B. buy C. describe D. make 18. A. sad B. successful C. healthy D. lonely 19. A. clean B. cross C. design D. draw 20. A. suddenly B. impossibly C. easily D. hardly

語法填空

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

If knowledge is power and your mind is the container of this knowledge， then the more you improve your memory， the more knowledge your mind will contain， and the more power you will have. （practice） a particular bedtime memory building exercise every night （work） wonders in helping build up your memory capacity. Heres the memory building exercise.

Every night， when youre lying in bed ready to fall asleep， review you did during the day in as much detail as you can. Try （recall） each step you took in sequence from （begin） to end， as if you were watching a video of your day.

The first few times you do this， you may be surprised at few details you can remember. Youll likely jump （quick） through your recollections of the day， going from one major event to the next recalling any of the details.

But after just a few short weeks of doing this exercise， youll notice an （improve） in your memory. Youll gradually get better and better at remembering the details of your day. So give this bedtime memory building exercise try. Its simple， but can really help build up your memory capacity.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

A

The Valley Art Center encourages art appreciation in people of all ages and backgrounds through education， inspiration and opportunities to experience the arts.

Concept Based Oil Painting

The course will conclude with a group discussion of the students works. IMPORTANT： Students will be responsible for bringing all necessary materials. Guidance will be offered on color， tools and techniques， but the emphasis （重點(diǎn)） will be on thinking creatively. Supply list available online. And dont forget your lunch. $192/$173

Digital Photography for the Fraidy Cat

Learn the basic of digital photography. We will start with understanding what those symbols on your camera mean. You will also learn when to use a flash. In this class you will practice what you have learned using your camera！ $96/$86

Drawing for the Fraidy Cat

Everyone can draw！ If you have ever wanted to learn how to draw or just want to refresh yourself in drawing skills then this is the class for you. Students will work on many of projects with different drawing materials to develop their own personal style. A list of suggested supplies is available online. $96/$86

Enamel on Metal

In this art form， drawing skills are not required for this colorful and expressive craft （技藝）. Beginning students learn several basic classical techniques and those with experience are guided in limoge， cloisonne， champlevee or other techniques of choice. All equipment and supplies are included in first project fee of $8， payable （應(yīng)付的） to instructor at first class. $96/$86

1. What does the course Concept Based Oil Painting emphasize？

A. The skills of painting.

B. The discussions of art works.

C. The guidance of basic painting.

D. The creative thinking of students.

2. What will you do if you go to Digital Photography for the Fraidy Cat？

A. Learn how to repair a camera.

B. Explore how to develop the film.

C. Visit some landscape and portraits.

D. Get to know the symbols on your camera.

3. Which will prepare necessary materials？

A. Enamel on Metal.

B. Drawing for the Fraidy Cat.

C. Concept Based Oil Painting.

D. Digital Photography for the Fraidy Cat.

4. From the text we know that the Valley Art Center is for ___ .

A. teenagers B. people of all ages

C. adults D. college students

B

What does an artist want to do？ Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well， but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand... he wants to teach， and he wants them to learn from him.

What visual （視覺） artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain， because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors， not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors， out of the countless billions possible， is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors， or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist.

Most artists take shapes and colors from the world or nature and from human bodies in motion and repose （靜態(tài)）， their choices show that these fields of the world are worth looking at， that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary （當(dāng)代的） artists might say that they only choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern， and that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects.

If one painter chooses to paint a gangrenous leg and a lake in moonlight， each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something， showing us something and emphasizing something， all of which means that he is trying to teach us.

5. Every artist hopes that the public will ___ .

A. teach him something

B. believe what he says in his work

C. understand him and learn from him

D. notice shapes and colors in his work

6. Why is it hard to explain what a painter is saying？

A. He does not express himself well.

B. He uses unusual words and phrases.

C. He does not like talking too much.

D. He uses shapes and colors instead of words.

7. With the artists work， the public might ___ .

a. notice particular shapes and colors

b. feel his delight in shapes and colors

c. know how to use shapes and colors to express feelings

d. see the shapes and colors that express his experiences

A. a， b， d B. a， c， d

C. b， c， d D. a， b， c

8. The author says that contemporary art contains ___ .

A. meanings of teaching the artists

B. nothing but interesting patterns

C. interesting aspects out of nature

D. subjects chosen partly for their meaning

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（四）

閱讀理解

Throughout the history of the arts， the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select， artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.

Landscape is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie， one of the new American realists， continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole， a romanticist， had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature， Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings， there is no particular change in emotions， and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography to help both the eyes and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.

Besides， all art begs the age-old question： What is real？ Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects， the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes， and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up， understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.

Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present， Eastern or Western， the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art， and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.

1. What does the underlined word “poetry” in Paragraph 1 mean？

A. An object for artistic creation. B. A collection of poems.

C. An unusual quality. D. A natural scene.

2. Why can Leslies paintings considered to be extraordinary？

A. They are close in style to works in ancient times.

B. They look like works by 19th-century painters.

C. They depend heavily on color photography.

D. They are about common things in life.

3. What is the authors opinion of artistic reality？

A. It will not be found in future works of art.

B. It does not have a long-lasting standard.

C. It is expressed in a fixed artistic form.

D. It is rare in modern works of art.

4. What can we learn about the arts from the last paragraph？

A. They express peoples curiosity about the past.

B. They are considered important for variety in form.

C. They make people interested in everyday experience.

D. They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation.

閱讀七選五

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

One of the best things you can possibly do is to start your own club. Its great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels theres never anything to do during the school holidays.

The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. Pets， clothes， pop music or dancing groups， sports， making things？ The list is endless.

Thats easy. All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.

You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. Thatll keep you busy for ages.

At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters！ The best clubs are always secret！

Now you have just about everything you need， except membership cards. These are very important and again you can spend a lot of time making them. Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself？ That will make the membership card really look like it.

So there you are， get clubbing！ Once you get started， youll think of loads of more interesting things to do！

A. Enjoy your own club！

B. What are you interested in？

C. Invite a designer to join you.

D. Summer vacation is just around the corner.

E. Then you need to pick a name for your club.

F. Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.

G. Next you need some friends to be in your club with you.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。每空一詞，有兩個(gè)詞是多余的。

powerful like observe paint tradition usual

aspect alive express artist adopt reality

1. Her hobbies include music and ____ .

2. Only in his dreams does he give ____ to his fears.

3. Although the lady is very old， she is still ____ .

4. Its ____ in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.

5. His dream has become a（n） ____ .

6. She and her friends have the same ____ and dislikes.

7. Its ____ for the trees to flower so early.

8. One had better see life in its various ____ when young.

9. She ____ that all the seats were already taken.

10. The museum had several paintings representing the ____ early style.

句子翻譯

1. 我現(xiàn)在熱衷于打籃球。（be crazy about）

2. 昨天他告訴我他厭倦了一直做同樣的事。（be/get tired of）

3. 他還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候就喜歡畫畫。（be fond of）

4. 我們討論了工作中的一系列問題。（a series of）

5. 由于天氣糟糕， 我們最好將運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)延期舉行。（put off）

短文改錯(cuò)

Kites are invented in China 200 years ago. The earlier kites were made from wood. They were expensive. Kite flying began to spread among the ordinary people only after paper invented and then kite making cost little. Weifang City is the birthplace of the kite. Now kite flying is more and more popularly here. Every spring peoples from all over the world comes to take part in the International Kite Festival. They will see beautiful kites to fly in the sky. I believe you will enjoy themselves here. I hope youll go to the Festival every year.

書面表達(dá)

假如你是班長(zhǎng)，這個(gè)周末你們的美術(shù)老師要帶你們?nèi)⒂^假日畫廊（Holiday Gallery）。請(qǐng)寫一則英語通知，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 集合時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；

2. 參觀時(shí)間；

3. 注意事項(xiàng)（在路上、觀展中、觀展后）。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Boys and girls，

Attention， please！

Thank you for your listening.