• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    Ultrastructure of the sensilla on antennae and mouthparts of larval and adult Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

    2018-06-06 09:13:13
    Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年6期

    State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Key Laboratory of Applied Entomology, College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, P.R.China

    1. Introduction

    The diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella(L.) (Lepidoptera:Plutellidae) is one of the most devastating pests worldwide,attacking various cruciferous plants, particularly cabbage and radish (Xia 2013). The control of this pest chiefly relies on the utility of chemical insecticides, which in turn causes many negative consequences, i.e.,P. xylostellahas become resistant to many insecticides. So far, the costs for managing andcontrolling the pest is estimated to be 4–5 billion USD annually, which leads many researchers to pay attention to the studies ofP. xylostellaacross many countries (Talekar and Shelton 1993; Zaluckiet al.2012).

    In insects, the sensillum is a specialized structure of the epidermis and acts as a receptor for perception of a variety of environmental stimuli. Odorants, for instance,can be detected by olfactory sensilla and mediate insect behaviors (Schneider 1964). The cephalosome (head) of an insect, and especially the antennae and mouthparts, has various types of sensilla that play important roles in their behaviors, including host selection, feeding, mate attraction,oviposition, defense, and migration (Schoonhovenet al.1998; Antonet al.2003). In recent years, biological controls,including the application of sex pheromones, have become increasingly important (Stelinskiet al.2006).

    The structure and function of sensilla in Lepidoptera have been well known for decades, and several studies have investigated sensilla on antennal or larval mouthparts ofP. xylostella(Yanget al.2001; Weiet al.2003; Yanet al.2014). To better understand their olfactory system and behavioral mechanisms that would be involved in the biological control of this pest, we comprehensively researched the type, size, and distribution of antennal and mouthpart sensillae on both larvae and adults ofP. xylostellaby using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).

    2. Materials and methods

    2.1. Source of insects

    P. xylostellaspecimens usedin our experiments were provided by the Applied Entomology Lab in Northwest A&F University, China. Larvae were obtained from the vegetable orchards in Taibai County, Shaanxi, China in 2010, and then reared on the host plant (cabbage) seedlings in a climate chamber under controlled conditions ((25±1)°C; (60±10)%RH; 16 h light:8 h dark) (Yanget al.2004).

    2.2. Scanning electron microscope

    Heads from 20 larvae (in 3rd instar) and adults (10 males and 10 females) were placed in Carnoy’s fixative solution(95% ethanol and glacial acetic acid with ratio of 3:1) for 12 h and then kept overnight in 2% glutaraldehyde at 4°C.The following day, the samples were cleaned twice with a phosphate buffer (each for 10 min), and washed in 100%ethanol solution in an ultrasonic cleaner (three times, each for 2 min). Then, the antennae and mouthparts of larvae and adults were removed under a microscope using sharp blades. The antennae and mouthparts of larvae and adults were dehydrated through a graded ethanol series of 30, 50,70, 80, and 90% (for 15 min each), then fully dehydrated in 100% ethanol (three times for 30 min each), and lastly cleaned in isoamyl acetate (three times for 10 min each).After critical point drying with carbon dioxide, the specimens were attached to a holder using electric adhesive tape,sputter-coated with gold, examined and photographed with an S-4800 FE-SEM (at 10.0 kV). The sensilla were classified according to their morphology, shape and size,following Schneider (1964).

    2.3. Statistical analysis

    The morphology, number and distribution of the sensilla were examined from the antennae and mouthparts of larvae and adults. The images were compiled using Adobe Photoshop CS5. The length and diameter of sensilla (mean±SE) were measured on at least 30 sensilla of the same type by using the Sigma Scan Pro Measurement System 5.0 Software.Differences in size of antennal sensilla between males and females were statistically analyzed using an independent samplet-test (P<0.05) in the SPSS16.0 Statistical Software.

    3. Results

    3.1. Larval head capsule

    CapsuleThe head ofP. xylostellalarva is a typical, rounded,sclerotized capsule composed of a chewing mouthpart, a pair of antennae and six pairs of stemmata on the anterior surface (Fig. 1-A). The mouthpart is hypognathous,consisting of a labrum, a mandible, a maxilla, a labium, and a hypopharynx (Fig. 1-B).

    Fig. 1 Larval head capsule of Plutella xylostella. A, frontal view of the head. B, ventral view of the mouthparts. Ant, antenna; Lb,labrum; Mx, maxilla; Lap, labial palp; Sp, spinneret; Md, mandible; H, hypopharynx.

    AntennaThe antennae ofP. xylostellalarva (113.9 μm long) are located between the ocelli and the mandible.Each consists of three components, a scape, pedicel, and flagellum (Fig. 2-A). The basal scape is (56.47±2.64) μm wide and (71.45±5.50) μm long, without any sensilla. The pedicel is (50.22±1.63) μm wide and (23.21±1.58) μm long, with three sensilla basiconica (B1, (23.24±1.27) μm long and (7.10±0.24) μm wide; B2, (36.69±1.93) μm long and (9.82±0.58) μm wide; B3, (7.26±0.45) μm long and(1.64±0.21) μm wide) and two sensilla chaetica (C1, short and slender, (21.14±1.46) μm long, (2.24±0.04) μm wide; C2,longer, (141.59±6.21) μm long, (3.91±0.24) μm wide) on distal surface (Fig. 2-B–D). The flagellum is shorter, (14.50±1.03) μm wide and (19.31±1.15) μm long, with three sensilla basiconica (B4–B6) and one sensillum styloconicum (St). B6((19.70±0.87) μm long and (6.62±0.23) μm wide) is similar to B1 and B2, significantly longer than B4 ((3.84±0.14) μm long and (2.82±0.03) μm wide) and B5 ((3.57±0.06) μm long and (2.27±0.03) μm wide). The sensillum styloconicum is cylinder-shaped with a large socket at base, (17.23±3.05) μm long (Fig. 2-B–D).

    3.2. Larval mouthpart

    LabrumThe labrum ((105.41±5.24) μm long and (183.47±6.29) μm wide) is trapezoidal profiling a V-shape notch, with six pairs of zygomorphic sensilla chaetica distributed on dorsal surface (C1, (23.44±2.17) μm long, (2.70±0.02) μm wide; C2, (68.34±4.13) μm long, (4.28±0.32) μm wide; C3, (260.70±1.87) μm long, (2.78±0.10) μm wide;C4, (24.51±1.45) μm long, (2.73±0.12) μm wide; C5,(49.90±3.11) μm long, (4.52±0.27) μm wide; C6,(22.67±1.70) μm long, (3.51±0.12) μm wide) (Fig. 3-A).The epipharynx has three types of sensilla, a pair of flattened sensilla digitiformia ((55.74±5.33) μm long and(17.20±2.11) μm wide), located near the lateral margin,covered by microtrichia. Three pairs of flattened and thick sensilla chaetica (S1, (26.20±0.91) μm long, (6.24±0.45) μm wide; S2, (34.59±1.70) μm long, (7.34±0.56) μm wide; S3,(31.63±1.24) μm long, (4.31±0.21) μm wide) are near the anterior margin. Three pairs of epipharynx sensilla (Es)are near the median area. In addition, the base of the epopharynx is covered with many microtrichia (Fig. 3-B).MandibleThe mandible ((144.71±5.54) μm long and(130.47±4.42) μm wide) is strongly sclerotized, forming six dentitions (T1–T6) on the apical margin of each mandible.Two sensilla chaetica are located on the proximal margin(C1, (34.45±3.51) μm long, (3.44±1.45) μm wide; C2,(81.52±3.58) μm long, (4.83±1.27) μm wide) (Fig. 3-C and D).

    Fig. 2 Sensilla on the larval antenna of Plutella xylostella. A, dorsal view of the three segmented antennae. B, ventral magnifying view of the antenna. C, dorsal magnifying view of antenna. D, distal magnifying view of the antenna. Fl, flagellum; Sc, scape;Pe, pedicel; C1–C2, sensilla chaetica; B1–B6, sensilla basiconica; St, sensillum styloconicum.

    Fig. 3 The labrum and mandible of Plutella xylostella larvae. A, frontal view of the labrum. B, inner view of the epipharynx. C,inner view of the mandible. D, outer view of mandible. C1–C6, sensilla chaetica; S1–S3, flattened and thick sensilla chaetica; Es,epipharyngeal sensilla; SD, sensilla digitiformium; T1–T6, distal teeth.

    HypopharynxThe hypopharynx is located in the central mouthpart and bears numerous microtrichia in rows on the margin of the tongue (Fig. 1-B).

    MaxillaeEach maxilla consists of cardo ((28.84±3.20) μm long and (51.24±3.71) μm wide), stipes ((20.56±2.28) μm long and (46.14±4.02) μm wide), galea and a maxillary palp (Fig. 4-A). The cardo connects to stipes, and bears a sensillum chaeticum (C1, (78.60±4.42) μm long and(4.10±0.21) μm wide). The stipes equip a sensillum chaeticum (C2, (51.33±4.12) μm long and (3.20±0.89) μm wide) (Fig. 4-A). The galea has eight sensilla on its distal surface,two sensilla styloconica (St1, (14.10±2.01) μm long and (6.24±1.32) μm wide; St2, (17.21±2.05) μm long and (7.32±1.18) μm wide) in the medial of the galea terminal, three sensilla basiconica (B1, (8.19±0.41) μm long and (2.13±0.08) μm wide; B2, (10.38±0.92) μm long and (2.31±0.07) μm wide; B3, (6.12±0.43) μm long and(2.33±0.05) μm wide), and three flattened and long sensilla chaetica in a row (C3, (20.25±2.21) μm long and (3.34±0.29) μm; C4, (22.48±2.14) μm long and (3.00±0.12) μm wide; C5, (26.62±2.23) μm long and (3.14±0.25) μm wide)(Fig. 4-B and C).

    The two-segmented maxillary palp is (25.45±1.14) μm long and (21.89±2.34) μm wide. The terminal segment of the maxillary palp bears an elongate and broad sensillum digitiformium (SD, (13.72±1.47) μm long and (3.92±0.33) μm wide) and two sensilla placodea (P) on the lateral side of the distal segment. The base part bears a sensillum styloconicum ((5.11±0.22) μm long and (2.50±0.02) μm wide) and seven sensilla basiconica (B1–B7) (Fig. 4-D).

    LabiumThe labium has a pair of rounded labial palps and an elongated tube-like spinneret ((62.24±4.47) μm long) (Fig. 5-A). The labial palp is (34.59±2.71) μm long,bearing a sensillum basiconicum (B, (5.20±1.12) μm long and (1.43±0.13) μm wide) at the base, and a sensillum styloconicum (St, (31.51±3.91) μm long and (4.42±0.22) μm wide). The sensillum chaeticum (C1, (20.24±3.01) μm long and (1.77±0.11) μm wide) is situated on the dorsal side of palp. A pair of sensilla chaetica (C2, (52.4±4.32) μm long and (3.51±0.72) μm wide) is found at the ventral of the labium (Fig. 5-A and B).

    3.3. Adult mouthparts

    Fig. 4 The hypopharynx and maxilla of Plutella xylostella larva. A, the inner view of maxilla. B and C, the distal view of the galea.D, the distal segment of the maxillary palp. CA, cardo; SP, stipes; GA, galea; Mp, maxillary palp; C1–C5, sensilla chaetica; B1–B7,sensilla basiconica; St, sensilla styloconicum; SD, sensillum digitiformium; P, sensillun placodeum.

    Fig. 5 Labium sensilla of Plutella xylostella larva. A, the ventral view of the labium. B, the magnifying view of palp. Lap, labial palps; Sp, spinneret; C1–C2, sensillum chaeticum; St, sensillum styloconicum; B, sensillum basiconicum.

    The mouthparts in the adult ofP. xylostellaconsist of the labrum, mandibles, maxillae, labial palpi and proboscis.The labrum ((101.26±6.41) μm wide and (25.42±2.44) μm long) is degenerated to a small triangle, entirely covered with numerous microtrichia (Fig. 6-B). The mandible is also rudimentary, equipped with approximately 20 sensilla chaetica (length: 28.2–60.1 μm) (Fig. 6-B). The maxilla is reduced to the large three-segmented maxillary palps((127.80±5.44) μm long). Sensilla trichodea are found at the terminal of the second segment (Fig. 6-A). The huge labial palp is (905.86±13.24) μm long, consists of three segments, and is entirely covered by scales (Fig. 6-C).Sensilla squamiformium ((40.72±6.24) μm long) are found on the second segment (Fig. 6-D). The proboscis is coiled by two interlocked galeae on their dorsal and ventral sides(Fig. 7-A). Four types of proboscis sensilla are present:sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla basiconica,and sensilla styloconica.

    Fig. 6 The head and mouthparts of Plutella xylostella adult. A, frontal view of the adult head. B, ventral view of the adult mouthparts.C, labial palp. D, sensilla squamiformia. Md, mandibles; Mxp, maxillary palpi; Pr, proboscis; Lap, labial palpi; Lb, labrum; SQ,sensilla squamiformia.

    Sensilla trichodea ((8.51±0.67) μm long and (1.10±0.02) μm wide) are mainly distributed at the base of the proboscis (Fig. 7-C). Sensilla chaetica ((16.36±1.67) μm long and (3.21±0.74) μm wide) with a grooved surface number less than 10 on the galea (Fig. 7-D). Sensilla basiconica((2.84±0.7) μm long and (1.29±0.02) μm wide) are present on the dorsal surface of the proboscis (Fig. 7-E). Sensilla styloconica ((14.54±2.05) μm long and (2.70±0.71) μm wide) are mainly distributed on the terminal surface of the proboscis. These sensilla possess a socket with four pikes surrounding it (Fig. 7-F).

    3.4. Adult antennae

    In total, seven types of sensilla were observed on the antennae ofP. xylostella, sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica, sensilla coeloconica, sensilla styloconica, sensilla squamiformia, B?hm sensilla, and sensilla basiconica. The length and basal width of these sensilla are presented for the antennae of both sexes in Table 1. More specifically, sexual dimorphism occurs in the size of antennal sensilla, i.e., the length of sensilla trichodea and sensilla coeloconica and the width of sensilla chaetica and sensilla styloconica. Notably,sensilla basiconica are only found on the antennae of males.

    The sensilla trichodea are hair-like and mainly distributed on each sub-segment of the flagellum. These sensilla are more abundant on the antennae of males than females, and the length is significantly longer in the male flagellum than in the female flagellum (Fig. 8-B).

    The sensilla chaetica are needle-like, and straight with a grooved surface. These sensilla are composed of a round socket, are wide at the base and sharp toward the tip. These sensilla are mainly present among the flagellomeres, and there are many more on the terminal segment of flagellum(Fig. 8-C). This type of sensilla is significantly wider on female antennae.

    The sensilla coeloconica are composed of an upright central peg with a grooved surface and surrounded by a ring of 12–16 cuticular spines. These sensilla are found distributed on the center and terminal segments of a flagellum (Fig. 8-D). The length of the sensilla in females is significantly longer than that in males.

    The sensilla styloconica is thumb-like with a cone-shaped tip. The slightly cuticular ridges are found on the surface of these sensilla. They occur at the distal margin of flagellum,and only one sensillum is present on each sub-segment of the flagellum (Fig. 8-E and F). Sexual dimorphism is observed in the length of these sensilla.

    Fig. 7 The proboscis of Plutella xylostella adult. A, lateral view of theproboscis. B, interior view of the proboscis. C, sensilla trichodea. D, sensillum chaeticum. E, sensillum basiconicum. F, sensillum styloconicum. Fc, food canal; Lgl, ligulae of the galea linkage; STr, sensilla trichodea; B, sensillum basiconicum; St, sensillum styloconicum; C, sensillum chaeticum.

    Table 1 The size of the sensilla on the antennae of adult of Plutella xylostella

    The sensilla squamiformia are scale-like and elongated with a distal tapering. These sensilla are mainly distributed on the scape and pedicel segments (Fig. 8-G). They are statistically similar in their length and basal width in male and female antennae.

    B?hm sensilla are short and sharp with smooth surface cuticles. These sensilla are inserted as clusters to the base of the scape and pedicel segments (Fig. 8-H). No sexual dimorphism was found in the size of these sensilla.

    The sensilla basiconica are short and have a blunt seta.These sensilla are distributed on each sub-segment of the flagellum. Sensilla basiconica are only found on the antennae of males (Fig. 8-F).

    4. Discussion

    In this study, sensilla both on the larval and adult antennae and mouthparts of the diamondback mothP. xylostellawere examined using a scanning electron microscope. Generally,on larval antennae, three sensilla basiconica and two sensilla chaetica were observed on the pedicel segment and three sensilla basiconica and one sensillum styloconicum were found on the flagellum. Their structures, types and distribution were similar to other lepidopteran caterpillars,viz,Pentateucha inouei,Spodoptera exigua,Carposina sasakii, andCarposina coreana(Lin 2002; Liet al.2008;Liuet al.2011; Chen and Hua 2014). The structure and function of the sensilla basiconica, sensilla chaetica and sensilla styloconicum have been well studied in the past few decades. The multiparous sensilla basiconica play an important role in sensing olfactory functions (Schoonhoven and Dethier 1964; Hanson and Dethier 1973; Dethier 1980).The uniporous sensilla chaetica are suggested to function as mechanoreceptors (Zacharuk 1980; Bakeret al.1986;Faucheux 1995). The uniporous sensilla styloconica is characteristic of cold-sensitive receptors (Schoonhoven 1967).

    Six types of sensilla on the larval mouthparts were identified: sensilla chaetica, sensilla digitiformia, sensilla epipharyngeal, sensilla basiconica, sensilla styloconica and sensilla placodea. Although these sensilla have been reported in previously studies of other lepidopteran larvae,their morphology, distribution and size vary among different species, e.g.,Manduca sexta,Choristoneura fumiferana,Spodoptera exigua, andC. coreana(De Boeret al.1977;Albert 1980; Liet al.2008; Chen and Hua 2014). There are six sensilla chaetica on the labrum, as described in other moth species, i.e.,C. sasakii(Liuet al.2011). Several studies noted that these aporous sensilla are associated with olfactory reception function (Albert 1980; Kent and Hildebrand 1987). Three pairs of epipharynx sensilla on the labrum were found in our study; however, studies of other moth species found different numbers of these sensilla,e.g.,C. sasakii,C. coreana,C. fumiferana,M. sexta, andEuxoa messoria(Albert 1980; Devitt and Smith 1982; Kent and Hildebrand 1987; Liuet al.2011; Chen and Hua 2014).Epipharynx sensilla are inferred to have an olfactory function for detecting plant volatiles (Albert 1980; Faucheux 1995).

    Two sensilla chaetica on the mandible of the larvae ofP. xylostellaare inferred to have a mechanoreceptive function (Albert 1980; Kent and Hildebrand 1987); however,the five sensilla chaetica on the maxilla could be considered as olfactory receptors involved in odor recognition (Hanson 1970). Two sensilla styloconica on the galea may contribute to finding sources of food (Ishikawaet al.1969). Seven sensilla basiconica and one sensillum styloconicum on the maxillary palp are similar to the descriptions forAcrolepiopsis assectella,C. sasakiiandC. coreana(Al-Rouz and Thibout 1989; Liuet al.2011; Chen and Hua 2014);while Faucheux (1995) reported eight sensilla basiconica and no sensilla styloconica on the maxillary palp of the larvae ofHomoeosoma nebulella. Sensilla basiconica may play a role as chemoreceptors (Ishikawaet al.1969).Sensilla digitiformia on the maxillary palp are considered to have a humidity and temperature sensitive function (Keil 1996; Devitt and Smith 1982). In general, variation in the structure and quantity of sensilla on the maxillary palp can be regarded as defining characteristics for identification of larvae.

    We identified seven types of sensilla on the antennae ofP. xylostellaadults: sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica,sensilla coeloconica, sensilla styloconica, sensilla squamiformia, B?hm sensilla and sensilla basiconica.These sensilla closely resemble those observed in many other Lepidoptera (Wanget al.2002). Sensilla trichodea are the most abundant and widespread sensilla on the antennae ofP. xylostella. This type of multiparous sensilla is olfactory receptors of host plant volatiles and sex pheromones (Zacharuk 1980; Chintaet al.1997;Shields and Hildebrand 2001; Maidaet al.2005). These multiparous sensilla basiconica were only found on the antennae of males, and their function could be related to responding to sex pheromone components (Meriveeet al.1999; Zhanget al.2011). Sensilla styloconica may be sensitive to temperature and humidity (Hallberget al.1994)or air (Olson and Andow 1993). Besides, these uniporous sensilla are more abundant in females than in males ofP. xylostella. This could explain the fact that females are more sensitive to the environment and more easily find host plants. The aporous sensilla chaetica are considered to be chemoreceptors (Tarumingkenget al.1976; Liet al.2006). We find only one type of sensilla coeloconica;however, studies of other moth species have shown these sensilla can be divided into more subtypes,viz,Sitotroga cerealella,andM. sextaandMythimna separate(Maet al.2017). These multiparous sensilla are sensitive to plant volatiles and CO2(Bruce and Cork 2001; Park and Hardie 2002). B?hm sensilla are similar in most insect species, as mechanoreceptors with a proprioceptive function (Li and Bai 2004). Sensilla squamiformia are commonly present in Lepidoptera insects, but their function is not yet clear and it remains to be demonstrated whether these aporous sensilla have a mechanoreceptive function (Lavoie-Dornik and McNeil 1987; Faucheux 1990; Yanget al.2012).

    The sensilla on the mouthparts are described for the first time in the adult ofP. xylostella. In total, we found five types of sensilla, especially on the proboscis ofP. xylostella: sensilla chaetica, sensilla trichodea, sensilla squamiformia, sensilla basiconica and sensilla styloconica.The morphology of these mouthparts is similar to other Lepidoptera insects,Laspeyresia pomonella,Agrotis ypsilonandSynempora andesaeetc. (Goldware and Barnes 1973; Faucheux 2008; Xue and Hua 2014). Sensilla trichodea are the most abundant type of sensilla, occurring throughout the entire proboscis. The moth can utilize them as mechanosensilla to process information during nectar feeding and pollenation (Gilbert 1972; Krenn 1998, 2010;Mollemanet al.2005; Zenker 2011). Sensilla chaetica could be involved in detecting the position and movement of the proboscis (George and Nagy 1984; Krennet al.2005).Sensilla basiconica occur on the outside of the proboscis,have a gustatory function (Walterset al.1998) and detect flow rate when feeding (Krenn 1998; Inoueet al.2009).Sensilla styloconica are involved in responding to chemical substances, especially saccharides (Blaney and Simmonds 1988; Krenn 1998). Besides, they can also provide information such as the depth of insertion into the flower during nectar feeding (Krenn 1998; Krenn and Penz 1998).

    5. Conclusion

    In summary, we identified six types of sensilla on the larval mouthparts and three types of sensilla on the larval antennae ofP. xylostella. In our study, we found sensilla chaetica on the larval antennae, and sensilla chaetica,sensilla digitiformia, and sensilla epipharyngeal on the larval mouthparts. For adults, seven types of sensilla are found on the antennae in males while six types of sensilla(sensilla basiconica absent) occur in females. This study is basically consistent with previous reports on the external morphology and distribution of these sensilla (Yanget al.2001). Sexual dimorphism is also found in their number and in the size of these sensilla (Yanet al.2014). In addition, we also describe for the first time the five types of sensilla on the mouthparts. In general, our study provides useful information for the taxonomy of Lepidoptera, for further electrophysiological studies into the function of these sensilla, and better understanding of the behavioral mechanisms related to pest control.

    Acknowledgements

    We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on this manuscript. This research was supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2013M542388), the Postdoctoral Scientific Research Project in Shaanxi Province, China, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2014YB087) and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation in Shaanxi Province, China (2016NY-058). We thank Prof. John Richard Schrock from Emporia State University, Kansas, USA for advice and editing of this manuscript.

    Albert P J. 1980. Morphology and innervation of mouthpart sensilla in larvae of the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana(Clem.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).Canadian Journal of Zoology,58, 842–851.

    Al-Rouz H, Thibout E. 1989. Morphologie des sensilles cephaliques larvaires d’Acrolepiopsis assectella Zell.(Lepidoptera: Hyponomeutoidea).Annales de la Société Entomologique de France,25, 163–170. (in French)

    Anton S, van Loon J J, Meijerink J, Smid H M, Takken W,Rospars J P. 2003. Central projections of olfactory receptor neurons from single antennal and palpal sensilla in mosquitoes.Arthropod Structure & Development,32,319–327.

    Baker G T, Parrott W L, Jenkins J N. 1986. Sensory receptors on the larval maxillae and labia ofHeliothis zea(Boddie)andHeliothis virescens(F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,15, 227–232.

    Blaney W M, Simmonds M S J. 1988. Food selection in adults and larvae of three species of Lepidoptera: A behavioural and electro physiological study.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,49, 111–121.

    De Boer G, Dethier V G, Schoonhoven L M. 1977.Chemoreceptors in the preoral cavity of the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta, and their possible function in feeding behaviour.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,21, 287–298.

    Bruce T J, Cork A. 2001. Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of femaleHelicoverpa armigerato compounds identified in flowers of African marigold,Tagetes erecta.Journal of Chemical Ecology,27, 1119–1131.

    Chen J, Hua B Z. 2014. Ultramorphology of sensilla on the larval antennae and mouthparts ofCarposina coreanaKim(Lepidoptera: Carposinidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica,57,133–140. (in Chinese)

    Chinta S, Dickens J C, Baker G T. 1997. Morphology and distribution of antennal sensilla of the tarnished plant bug,Lygus lineolaris(Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,26, 21–26.

    Dethier V G. 1980. Responses of some olfactory receptors of the eastern tent caterpillar (Malacosoma americanum) to leaves.Journal of Chemical Ecology,6, 213–220.

    Devitt B D, Smith J J B. 1982. Morphology and fine structure of mouthpart sensilla in the dark-sided cutwormEuxoa messoria(Harris) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,11, 255–270.

    Faucheux M J. 1990. Antennal sensilla in adultAgathiphaga vitiensisDumbl. andA. queenslandensisDumbl.(Lepidoptera: Agathiphagidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,19, 257–268.

    Faucheux M J. 1995. Sensilla on the larval antennae and mouthparts of the European sunflower moth,Homoeosoma nebulellaDen. and Schiff. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,24, 391–403.

    Faucheux M J. 2008. Mouthparts and associated sensilla of a South American moth,Synempora andesae(Lepidoptera:Neopseustidae).Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Agentina,67, 21–33. (in French)

    George J A, Nagy B A. 1984. Morphology, distribution,and ultrastructural differences of sensilla trichodea and basiconica on the antennae of the oriental fruit moth,Grapholitha molesta(Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,13, 157–170.

    Gilbert L E. 1972. Pollen feeding and reproductive biology ofHeliconiusbutterflies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,69, 1403.

    Goldware M A, Barnes M M. 1973. Mouthparts of the adult codling moth,Laspeyresia pomonella(Lepidoptera:Olethreutidae).Annals of the Entomological Society of America,66, 349–351.

    Hallberg E, Hansson B S, Steinbrecht R A. 1994. Morphological characteristics of antennal sensilla in the European cornborerOstrinia nubilalis(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae).Tissue and Cell,26, 489–502.

    Hanson F E. 1970. Sensory responses of phytophagous Lepidoptera to chemical and tactile stimuli. In:Seminar on Control of Insect Behavior by Natural Products(Pap).Academic Press, New York. pp. 81–91.

    Hanson F E, Dethier V G. 1973. Role of gustation and olfaction in food plant discrimination in the tobacco hornworm,Manduca sexta.Journal of Insect Physiology,19, 1019–1031.

    Inoue T A, Asaoka K, Seta K, Imaeda D, Ozaki M. 2009.Sugar receptor response of the food-canal taste sensilla in a nectar-feeding swallowtail butterfly,Papilio xuthus.Naturwissenschaften,96, 355–363.

    Ishikawa S, Hirao T, Arai N. 1969. Chemosensory basis of host plant selection in the silkworm.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,12, 544–554.

    Keil T A. 1996. Sensilla on the maxillary palps ofHelicoverpa armigeracaterpillars: In search of the CO2-receptor.Tissue and Cell,28, 703–717.

    Kent K S, Hildebrand J G. 1987. Cephalic sensory pathways in the central nervous system of larvalManduca sexta(Lepidoptera: Sphingidae).Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London(B: Biological Sciences),315, 1–36.

    Krenn H W. 1998. Proboscis sensilla inVanessa cardui(Nymphalidae, Lepidoptera): Functional morphology and significance in flower-probing.Zoomorphology,118, 23–30.

    Krenn H W. 2010. Feeding mechanisms of adult Lepidoptera:Structure, function, and evolution of the mouthparts.Annual Review of Entomology,55, 307–327.

    Krenn H W, Penz C M. 1998. Mouthparts ofHeliconiusbutterflies(Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): A search for anatomical adaptations to pollen-feeding behavior.International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,27, 301–309.

    Krenn H W, Plant J D, Szucsich N U. 2005. Mouthparts of flower-visiting insects.Arthropod Structure & Development,34, 1–40.

    Lavoie-Dornik J, McNeil J N. 1987. Sensilla of the antennal flagellum inPseudaletia unipuncta(Haw.) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,16, 153–167.

    Li J X, Wang J J, Deng W, Yang B, Li J, Liu H. 2008. Description of sensilla on the larval antennae and mouthparts ofSpodoptera exigua(Hübner) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae).Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica,33, 443–448. (in Chinese)

    Li K, Luo M H, Zhao G Q, Liu X G. 2006. Observation on the ultrastructures of antennal sensilla inHelicoverpa assulta.Journal of Henan Agricultural University,40, 250–253. (in Chinese)

    Li X, Bai S. 2004. Ultrastructural studies on the antennal sensilla ofDiadegma semiclausumHellen (Hym, Ichneumonidae).Journal of Henan Agricultural University,38, 45–48. (in Chinese)

    Lin C S. 2002. Sensilla on the larval antennae and mouthparts ofPentateucha inoueiOwada et Brechlin (Lepidoptera:Sphingidae).Formosan Entomology,22, 115–124.

    Liu Z, Hua B Z, Liu L. 2011. Ultrastructure of the sensilla on larval antennae and mouthparts in the peach fruit moth,Carposina sasakiiMatsumura (Lepidoptera: Carposinidae).Micron,42, 478–483.

    Ma M, Chang M M, Lu Y, Lei C L, Yang F L. 2017. Ultrastructure of sensilla of antennae and ovipositor ofSitotroga cerealella(Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), and location of female sex pheromone gland.Scientific Reports,7, 40637.

    Maida R, Mameli M, Müller B, Krieger J, Steinbrecht R A. 2005.The expression pattern of four odorant-binding proteins in male and female silk moths,Bombyx mori.Journal of Neurocytology,34, 149–163.

    Merivee E, Rahi M, Luik A. 1999. Antennal sensilla of the click beetle,Melanotus villosus(Geoffroy) (Coleoptera:Elateridae).International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,28, 41–51.

    Molleman F, Krenn H W, Van Alphen M E, Brakefield P M,Devries P J, Zwaan B J. 2005. Food intake of fruit-feeding butterflies: evidence for adaptive variation in proboscis morphology.Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,86, 333–343.

    Olson D M, Andow D A. 1993. Antennal sensilla of femaleTrichogramma nubilale(Ertle and Davis) (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) and comparisons with other parasitic Hymenoptera.International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology,22, 507–520.

    Park K C, Hardie J. 2002. Functional specialisation and polyphenism in aphid olfactory sensilla.Journal of Insect Physiology,48, 527–535.

    Schneider D. 1964. Insect antennae.Annual Review of Entomology,9, 103–122.

    Schoonhoven L, Dethier V G. 1964. Sensory aspects of hostplant discrimination by lepidopterous larvae.Archives Néerlandaises de Zoologie,16, 497–530.

    Schoonhoven L M. 1967. Some cold receptors in larvae of three Lepidoptera species.Journal of Insect Physiology,13, 821–826.

    Schoonhoven L M, Jermy T, Van Loon J J A. 1998.Plant-Insect Biology from Physiology to Evolution. Chapman Hall, London.

    Shields V D C, Hildebrand J G. 2001. Responses of a population of antennal olfactory receptor cells in the female mothManduca sextato plant-associated volatile organic compounds.Journal of Comparative Physiology(A),186,1135–1151.

    Stelinski L L, Miller J R, Ledebuhr R, Gut L J. 2006. Mechanized applicator for large-scale field deployment of paraffin-wax dispensers of pheromone for mating disruption in tree fruit.Journal of Economic Entomology,99, 1705–1710.

    Talekar N S, Shelton A M. 1993. Biology, ecology, and management of the diamondback moth.Annual Review of Entomology,38, 275–301.

    Tarumingkeng R C, Coppel H C, Matsumura F. 1976. Morphology and ultrastructure of the antennal chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors of workerCoptotermes formosanusShiraki.Cell and Tissue Research,173, 173–178.

    Walters B D, Albert P J, Zacharuk R Y. 1998. Morphology and ultrastructure of sensilla on the proboscis of the adult spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana(Clem.) (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae).Canadian Journal of Zoology,76, 466–479.

    Wang G R, Guo Y Y, Wu K M. 2002. Study on the ultrastructures of antennal sensilla inHelicoverpa armigera.Journal of Integrative Agriculture,1, 896–899.

    Wei H, Yang G, Wang Q, Hou Y, You M. 2003. Electron microscope scanning of diamondback moth,Plutella xylostellaL.Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(Natural Science Edition),32, 434–437. (in Chinese)

    Xia X F, Zheng D D, Lin H L, You M S. 2013. Isolation and identification of bacteria from the larval midgut of diamondback moth,Plutella xylostella(L.).Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,50, 770–776. (in Chinese)

    Xue S, Hua B Z. 2014. Proboscis sensilla of the black cutwormAgrotis ypsilon(Rottemberg) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology,17, 295–301.

    Yan X Z, Deng C P, Sun X J, Hao C. 2014. Effects of various degrees of antennal ablation on mating and oviposition preferences of the diamondback moth,Plutella xylostellaL.Journal of Integrative Agriculture,13, 1311–1319.

    Yang F, Zhang Y, Zhang W, Xu B, Wu Q. 2004. An artificial rearing method of diamondback moth byBrassica napus.Entomological Knowledge,41, 483–486.

    Yang G, Huang G C, You M S. 2001. The ultrastructure and function of antennae of diamondback moth.Journal of Fujian Agricultural University,30, 75–79. (in Chinese)

    Yang Q, Zhao K J, Wang K Q, Han L L, Yang S. 2012.Observation on antennal sensilla ofLeguminivora glycinivorellawith scanning electron microscope.Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology,49, 1321–1326. (in Chinese)

    Zacharuk R Y. 1980. Ultrastructure and function of insect chemosensilla.Annual Review of Entomology,25, 27–47.

    Zalucki M P, Shabbir A, Silva R, Adamson D, Liu S S, Furlong M J. 2012. Estimating the economic cost of one of the world’s major insect pests,Plutella xylostella(Lepidoptera:Plutellidae): Just how long is a piece of string?Journal of Economic Entomology,105, 1115–1129.

    Zenker M í M, Penz C, De Paris M, Specht A. 2011. Proboscis morphology and its relationship to feeding habits in noctuid moths.Journal of Insect Science,11, 42.

    Zhang J, Guan L, Ren B. 2011. Fine structure and distribution of antennal sensilla of longicorn beetlesLeptura arcuataandLeptura aethiops(Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).Annals of the Entomological Society of America,104, 778–787.

    欧美性感艳星| 91久久精品国产一区二区成人| 国产乱人偷精品视频| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 成年美女黄网站色视频大全免费 | av女优亚洲男人天堂| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| 亚洲国产成人一精品久久久| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 高清午夜精品一区二区三区| 超碰97精品在线观看| 午夜福利影视在线免费观看| 亚洲情色 制服丝袜| 久久99精品国语久久久| 精品亚洲成a人片在线观看| 成人无遮挡网站| 久久久国产一区二区| 日本-黄色视频高清免费观看| 色5月婷婷丁香| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 伊人亚洲综合成人网| 91精品一卡2卡3卡4卡| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区国产| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 国产欧美日韩综合在线一区二区| 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 99国产综合亚洲精品| 少妇的逼水好多| 啦啦啦中文免费视频观看日本| 免费久久久久久久精品成人欧美视频 | 伦理电影大哥的女人| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久| 国产乱来视频区| 91久久精品国产一区二区成人| 在线观看三级黄色| 日产精品乱码卡一卡2卡三| 人妻 亚洲 视频| 五月天丁香电影| 午夜免费鲁丝| 色吧在线观看| 精品人妻偷拍中文字幕| 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放| 在线观看人妻少妇| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 久久ye,这里只有精品| 男的添女的下面高潮视频| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 亚洲精品456在线播放app| 丰满少妇做爰视频| 一级毛片 在线播放| 制服丝袜香蕉在线| 精品一区二区三卡| 国产乱来视频区| 亚洲四区av| 色视频在线一区二区三区| 大码成人一级视频| 永久网站在线| 老司机影院毛片| 亚洲欧美色中文字幕在线| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 有码 亚洲区| 国产成人一区二区在线| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 国产精品嫩草影院av在线观看| 亚洲精品av麻豆狂野| 久久久久久久久久久久大奶| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 国模一区二区三区四区视频| 午夜日本视频在线| 久热这里只有精品99| 如何舔出高潮| 9色porny在线观看| 少妇人妻久久综合中文| 大香蕉久久网| 老女人水多毛片| 麻豆精品久久久久久蜜桃| 亚洲国产精品成人久久小说| 久久影院123| 久久久久视频综合| 精品熟女少妇av免费看| 欧美+日韩+精品| 自线自在国产av| 男人爽女人下面视频在线观看| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 成人国产av品久久久| 青青草视频在线视频观看| 久久久久久伊人网av| 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 日本欧美视频一区| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 国产男女内射视频| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 亚洲,欧美,日韩| 新久久久久国产一级毛片| 久久久国产欧美日韩av| 久久久久久久精品精品| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 少妇人妻 视频| 日韩av在线免费看完整版不卡| 国产成人精品在线电影| 国产不卡av网站在线观看| 亚洲精品久久成人aⅴ小说 | 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 精品久久久噜噜| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 国产色婷婷99| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 亚洲高清免费不卡视频| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 一级a做视频免费观看| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频9| 超色免费av| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 国产黄色免费在线视频| 人成视频在线观看免费观看| av网站免费在线观看视频| 亚洲欧美精品自产自拍| 看十八女毛片水多多多| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 九九在线视频观看精品| 99国产精品免费福利视频| 午夜福利,免费看| 亚洲性久久影院| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 国产成人午夜福利电影在线观看| 97超碰精品成人国产| 不卡视频在线观看欧美| 在线播放无遮挡| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 国产高清三级在线| 日本91视频免费播放| 国产精品久久久久久久久免| 国产视频内射| 999精品在线视频| 天堂俺去俺来也www色官网| 天堂俺去俺来也www色官网| 99热6这里只有精品| 一级黄片播放器| 丰满饥渴人妻一区二区三| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 精品卡一卡二卡四卡免费| 少妇的逼好多水| 七月丁香在线播放| 成人亚洲欧美一区二区av| 久久女婷五月综合色啪小说| 亚洲成人av在线免费| 国产精品一区二区三区四区免费观看| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 亚洲久久久国产精品| 国产一区二区三区综合在线观看 | 一级爰片在线观看| 丝袜喷水一区| 国产成人午夜福利电影在线观看| 蜜桃在线观看..| 另类亚洲欧美激情| 亚洲国产精品999| 久久av网站| 国产在线视频一区二区| 97超碰精品成人国产| 午夜免费男女啪啪视频观看| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| 国产成人精品在线电影| 夜夜看夜夜爽夜夜摸| 三级国产精品欧美在线观看| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 母亲3免费完整高清在线观看 | 国产男女内射视频| 国产精品三级大全| 国产亚洲最大av| 午夜免费鲁丝| 国产免费一区二区三区四区乱码| 久久精品夜色国产| 999精品在线视频| 国产色爽女视频免费观看| 青春草视频在线免费观看| 18+在线观看网站| 欧美老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 99精国产麻豆久久婷婷| 三级国产精品欧美在线观看| 2022亚洲国产成人精品| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 亚洲美女视频黄频| 2018国产大陆天天弄谢| av天堂久久9| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 毛片一级片免费看久久久久| 能在线免费看毛片的网站| 丝瓜视频免费看黄片| 精品一区二区三区视频在线| 亚洲精品第二区| 晚上一个人看的免费电影| 日本黄色片子视频| 如何舔出高潮| 午夜福利视频在线观看免费| 久久av网站| 高清午夜精品一区二区三区| 蜜臀久久99精品久久宅男| 99热网站在线观看| 搡老乐熟女国产| 一级毛片我不卡| 51国产日韩欧美| 在线亚洲精品国产二区图片欧美 | 91久久精品电影网| freevideosex欧美| 男人操女人黄网站| 日韩制服骚丝袜av| 亚洲综合色网址| 中文字幕最新亚洲高清| 黄色毛片三级朝国网站| videossex国产| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 亚洲国产精品成人久久小说| 精品人妻熟女av久视频| 亚洲成人一二三区av| av在线app专区| 赤兔流量卡办理| 亚洲成色77777| 全区人妻精品视频| 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 男人操女人黄网站| 女人精品久久久久毛片| 18禁在线播放成人免费| 日韩免费高清中文字幕av| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 久久精品夜色国产| 亚洲不卡免费看| 午夜视频国产福利| 日韩成人伦理影院| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 日本av免费视频播放| 午夜激情久久久久久久| av一本久久久久| 一区二区三区免费毛片| 一边摸一边做爽爽视频免费| 精品人妻一区二区三区麻豆| 熟女av电影| 成人毛片60女人毛片免费| 久久99蜜桃精品久久| 精品国产一区二区久久| 多毛熟女@视频| 在线观看国产h片| 国产精品熟女久久久久浪| 亚洲国产成人一精品久久久| 免费少妇av软件| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 免费观看av网站的网址| 如日韩欧美国产精品一区二区三区 | 日本-黄色视频高清免费观看| 久久免费观看电影| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 黑人猛操日本美女一级片| 久久久久久久精品精品| 欧美 亚洲 国产 日韩一| 国产精品久久久久久久久免| 99久久精品一区二区三区| 熟女av电影| 人妻夜夜爽99麻豆av| 国产伦精品一区二区三区视频9| 日本wwww免费看| 精品久久久久久久久av| 丰满饥渴人妻一区二区三| 久久鲁丝午夜福利片| 免费人妻精品一区二区三区视频| av又黄又爽大尺度在线免费看| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 成人二区视频| 在线观看人妻少妇| 国产欧美亚洲国产| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 亚洲欧美精品自产自拍| 交换朋友夫妻互换小说| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx在线观看| 一区二区三区乱码不卡18| 国产爽快片一区二区三区| 国产午夜精品一二区理论片| 欧美激情极品国产一区二区三区 | 黄色一级大片看看| 蜜臀久久99精品久久宅男| 久久久久久伊人网av| 日本av手机在线免费观看| 亚洲国产精品成人久久小说| 久久精品国产鲁丝片午夜精品| 国产精品人妻久久久久久| 黑丝袜美女国产一区| freevideosex欧美| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 欧美另类一区| 午夜激情av网站| 午夜影院在线不卡| 久久久国产精品麻豆| 日本av免费视频播放| √禁漫天堂资源中文www| 2021少妇久久久久久久久久久| 自线自在国产av| 岛国毛片在线播放| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 国产不卡av网站在线观看| av.在线天堂| 国产精品偷伦视频观看了| 色哟哟·www| 亚洲欧美清纯卡通| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添av毛片| 国产成人精品无人区| 日韩不卡一区二区三区视频在线| 观看美女的网站| 欧美亚洲日本最大视频资源| 麻豆成人av视频| 国产精品偷伦视频观看了| 一级a做视频免费观看| 久久国内精品自在自线图片| 欧美精品高潮呻吟av久久| 国产欧美亚洲国产| 欧美日韩成人在线一区二区| 精品久久久久久久久av| 人妻少妇偷人精品九色| 涩涩av久久男人的天堂| 中国美白少妇内射xxxbb| 18在线观看网站| 制服人妻中文乱码| 久久精品夜色国产| av视频免费观看在线观看| 22中文网久久字幕| 亚洲欧洲日产国产| 亚洲欧美日韩另类电影网站| av视频免费观看在线观看| 91午夜精品亚洲一区二区三区| a级毛片免费高清观看在线播放| 久久精品国产亚洲网站| a级片在线免费高清观看视频| 亚洲精品日韩在线中文字幕| 在线观看国产h片| 99热全是精品| 亚洲精品一二三| 欧美日韩视频精品一区| 久久久久久久精品精品| 久热久热在线精品观看| 伊人久久精品亚洲午夜| 亚洲欧洲国产日韩| 美女福利国产在线| 精品亚洲乱码少妇综合久久| 性高湖久久久久久久久免费观看| 草草在线视频免费看| av卡一久久| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| 一区二区av电影网| 亚洲成人手机| 日日啪夜夜爽| 日本黄大片高清| 日韩av免费高清视频| 国产日韩欧美视频二区| 99re6热这里在线精品视频| 国产 一区精品| 国产成人a∨麻豆精品| 乱人伦中国视频| 制服丝袜香蕉在线| 激情五月婷婷亚洲| 免费看av在线观看网站| 国产欧美亚洲国产| 日韩制服骚丝袜av| 国模一区二区三区四区视频| 国产在线一区二区三区精| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99| av在线观看视频网站免费| 亚洲av电影在线观看一区二区三区| 三级国产精品片| 一个人看视频在线观看www免费| 69精品国产乱码久久久| 99久久综合免费| 国产色婷婷99| 日韩av在线免费看完整版不卡| 91久久精品国产一区二区三区| 91精品国产九色| 国产男女超爽视频在线观看| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 一区二区三区四区激情视频| 男人爽女人下面视频在线观看| 国产日韩欧美在线精品| 国产永久视频网站| 久久影院123| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 久久99一区二区三区| 久久久久人妻精品一区果冻| 欧美精品亚洲一区二区| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 亚洲综合精品二区| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久| 成人毛片a级毛片在线播放| √禁漫天堂资源中文www| 青春草国产在线视频| 大香蕉久久网| 高清黄色对白视频在线免费看| 精品久久国产蜜桃| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 精品国产露脸久久av麻豆| 一级a做视频免费观看| 三级国产精品片| 日韩熟女老妇一区二区性免费视频| 日韩av免费高清视频| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 狠狠婷婷综合久久久久久88av| 91久久精品国产一区二区三区| 欧美成人精品欧美一级黄| 免费高清在线观看日韩| 啦啦啦在线观看免费高清www| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 亚洲国产精品999| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 免费日韩欧美在线观看| 蜜桃在线观看..| 一区二区av电影网| 欧美日韩av久久| 成年人免费黄色播放视频| 97超视频在线观看视频| 亚洲欧美日韩另类电影网站| 女性生殖器流出的白浆| 自拍欧美九色日韩亚洲蝌蚪91| 久久精品久久久久久久性| 国产成人精品在线电影| 又粗又硬又长又爽又黄的视频| 亚洲国产欧美日韩在线播放| 99视频精品全部免费 在线| 一级a做视频免费观看| 婷婷色av中文字幕| 高清午夜精品一区二区三区| 免费av中文字幕在线| 纯流量卡能插随身wifi吗| 亚洲第一区二区三区不卡| 国产精品女同一区二区软件| 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 天天躁夜夜躁狠狠久久av| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 日韩 亚洲 欧美在线| 尾随美女入室| 91aial.com中文字幕在线观看| 插阴视频在线观看视频| 亚洲精华国产精华液的使用体验| 亚洲色图 男人天堂 中文字幕 | 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 免费观看无遮挡的男女| 老女人水多毛片| 亚洲精品,欧美精品| 婷婷色综合www| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| av免费观看日本| 亚洲精品国产av成人精品| 亚洲久久久国产精品| 中文精品一卡2卡3卡4更新| 欧美成人精品欧美一级黄| 亚洲成色77777| 国产视频首页在线观看| 三上悠亚av全集在线观看| 久久人妻熟女aⅴ| 国产黄片视频在线免费观看| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久| 国产精品无大码| 亚洲欧美中文字幕日韩二区| 国产精品.久久久| 日本猛色少妇xxxxx猛交久久| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 永久免费av网站大全| 少妇的逼好多水| 欧美xxxx性猛交bbbb| 色网站视频免费| 综合色丁香网| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 美女主播在线视频| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 看免费成人av毛片| 日韩强制内射视频| 国产成人精品一,二区| 国产国语露脸激情在线看| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 精品久久蜜臀av无| 亚洲av不卡在线观看| 成人毛片a级毛片在线播放| 毛片一级片免费看久久久久| av专区在线播放| 精品久久久久久电影网| 熟女人妻精品中文字幕| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 中文字幕最新亚洲高清| 久久狼人影院| 美女国产视频在线观看| 亚洲精品456在线播放app| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 国产亚洲精品久久久com| 国产成人freesex在线| 亚洲欧洲日产国产| 亚洲欧美色中文字幕在线| 日韩中字成人| 熟女人妻精品中文字幕| 插逼视频在线观看| 成人漫画全彩无遮挡| 秋霞伦理黄片| 国产成人免费观看mmmm| 婷婷色av中文字幕| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 高清欧美精品videossex| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 青春草亚洲视频在线观看| 久久国产精品男人的天堂亚洲 | freevideosex欧美| 在现免费观看毛片| 九九在线视频观看精品| 美女福利国产在线| 一个人看视频在线观看www免费| a级毛片免费高清观看在线播放| 中文字幕人妻熟人妻熟丝袜美| 国产精品无大码| 狂野欧美白嫩少妇大欣赏| av网站免费在线观看视频| 午夜老司机福利剧场| 黄色配什么色好看| 一级二级三级毛片免费看| 国产午夜精品一二区理论片| 亚洲综合色网址| 精品久久久噜噜| 桃花免费在线播放| 亚洲精品乱码久久久v下载方式| 欧美亚洲 丝袜 人妻 在线| 亚洲国产色片| 亚洲欧美精品自产自拍| 美女cb高潮喷水在线观看| 久久精品人人爽人人爽视色| 天美传媒精品一区二区| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添av毛片| 国产视频首页在线观看| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 亚洲综合色惰| av黄色大香蕉| 少妇人妻久久综合中文| 亚洲av在线观看美女高潮| 日韩精品有码人妻一区| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 在线观看免费日韩欧美大片 | 插逼视频在线观看| 午夜91福利影院| 成人亚洲精品一区在线观看| 久久精品久久精品一区二区三区| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕 | 熟女电影av网| 在线观看免费高清a一片| a级片在线免费高清观看视频| 2018国产大陆天天弄谢| 午夜影院在线不卡| 亚洲伊人久久精品综合| 久久久久久久国产电影| 午夜av观看不卡| 免费黄色在线免费观看| av网站免费在线观看视频| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 精品国产露脸久久av麻豆| 能在线免费看毛片的网站| 免费av不卡在线播放| 丝袜美足系列| 99国产精品免费福利视频| 色视频在线一区二区三区| 尾随美女入室| 国国产精品蜜臀av免费| 久久精品熟女亚洲av麻豆精品| 又粗又硬又长又爽又黄的视频| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 国产在线一区二区三区精| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 午夜精品国产一区二区电影| 欧美日韩视频精品一区| 晚上一个人看的免费电影| 久久精品国产自在天天线| 精品99又大又爽又粗少妇毛片| 日本色播在线视频| 亚洲成人一二三区av| 国产黄频视频在线观看| 少妇熟女欧美另类| 亚洲精品视频女| 国产黄色视频一区二区在线观看| 男女免费视频国产| 亚洲综合精品二区| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 日韩免费高清中文字幕av| 色网站视频免费| 午夜免费观看性视频| 日韩av免费高清视频| 国产精品不卡视频一区二区| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 能在线免费看毛片的网站| 久久精品国产a三级三级三级| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 精品久久久噜噜| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 看十八女毛片水多多多| 久久久久国产精品人妻一区二区| 街头女战士在线观看网站| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久| 精品一区在线观看国产| 亚洲在久久综合| 亚洲精品日本国产第一区| 制服诱惑二区| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频| 91在线精品国自产拍蜜月|