丁偉玲 張麗華
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容與分析
本課選自人教版新目標《英語》八年級下冊Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.(Section B 2a-2d)。2a讀前活動從學(xué)生的已有知識出發(fā),要求學(xué)生列出所知道的童話故事, 并就Sleeping Beauty,Cinderella,Little Red Riding Hood 三個童話故事談?wù)勛约旱恼J識,為2b的閱讀活動做準備。2b 部分提供了《糖果屋》的部分劇本,讓學(xué)生初步了解戲劇的形式。2c 部分提供了各場景的描述,幫助學(xué)生進一步了解各場景的主題。2d部分通過對文本細節(jié)的追問, 引發(fā)學(xué)生進行思考并運用所學(xué)語言表達自己的觀點,有助于文本的理解和鞏固, 為之后的語言輸出提供豐富的信息儲備。
二、教學(xué)目標
1.語言知識目標:①學(xué)習(xí)并掌握本節(jié)課的重點詞匯:wife,husband,whole,shine,ground,lead,brave,bright,voice,掌握連詞unless,as soon as,以及so...that結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。②能在語言形式的基本結(jié)構(gòu)運用中領(lǐng)悟表意功能,如Hansel人物在戲劇中大部分使用祈使句和陳述句,而Gretel人物大部分使用疑問句,領(lǐng)悟兩人性格不同,到后來Gretel使用陳述句,領(lǐng)悟Gretel的情緒和性格的變化。
2.語言技能目標:①能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系,如Paragraph 1: weather is so dry that no food would _______ grow → the stepmother wants to kill Hansel and Gretel→How to kill; Scene 1-Scene 7各幕之間按照時間邏輯順序和因果邏輯推進劇情的發(fā)展。②能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運用不同的閱讀策略獲取信息,通過預(yù)測、速讀、掃讀、尋讀等找出文章中的主題,預(yù)測、理解戲劇情節(jié)的發(fā)展并推斷戲劇的結(jié)局。
3.學(xué)習(xí)策略:①根據(jù)人物對白總結(jié)此戲劇情節(jié)要點;②根據(jù)此戲劇情節(jié)發(fā)展合理續(xù)寫故事結(jié)局。
4.情感態(tài)度與價值觀:品讀西方文學(xué)名著,了解西方文化,開闊眼界。
5.文化意識:在學(xué)習(xí)西方文化的同時,注意傳承中華傳統(tǒng)文化。
三、教學(xué)重難點
教學(xué)重點:了解西方童話故事的表現(xiàn)形式,嘗試用表演或內(nèi)容概括的形式進行語言輸出。
教學(xué)難點:劇本的演繹和詞匯的恰當使用。
四、教學(xué)步驟
Step I Greeting
T: At first, let me introduce myself. My name is Ding Weiling. I come from No.16 Middle School in Mudanjiang. Im very glad to be here. I think we can get on well with each other. Please try your best to study. Ready?
T: Class begins. Good morning, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning, Miss Ding!
Step II Leading-in
T: First, Id like to ask you some questions. Do you like listening to stories?
S: Yes, we do.
T: Great! Please look at the screen. The Emperors New Clothes is an old traditional story. It is also called a fairy tale. And we all know the story well.
設(shè)計意圖:引入話題,激活學(xué)生已有知識。
T: Today we are going to learn Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains. Section B 2a-2d.
T: It is also a fairy tale.
1.Free talk
T: Look at these pictures.(Show some pictures about the fairy tales.)Whats the name of this story?
S1: Sleeping Beauty.
S2: Cinderella.
S3: Little Red Riding Hood.
T: Perfect!
設(shè)計意圖:通過圖片喚起學(xué)生對于童話的記憶,導(dǎo)入到本節(jié)課Hansel and Gretel。
2.Know about the play
T: Today, we will learn a new type of fairy tale. It is called “play”. Do you know what the play is? (Look at the screen and learn what the play is.)
設(shè)計意圖:了解戲劇的構(gòu)成,通過文本讓學(xué)生了解戲劇的要素、語言特點、表現(xiàn)手法等。
3.New words
Present the new words on the big screen and learn the new words together from 2a to 2b. Students read and try to remember the new words.
T: There are some new words in this class. Please look at the screen then master them well.(Teacher shows some pictures then teach the new words.)For example, in Scene Two Hansels stepmother, the wife told his husband to leave them to die in the forest. In Scene Three, Hansel saw the stones on the ground(地面) through the moonlight(月光)shining bright. What a clever and brave (勇敢的) boy!
設(shè)計意圖:激發(fā)興趣,激活思維;鋪墊語言,學(xué)習(xí)詞匯。
T: The words are very important for us to learn English well.
Step III Pre-reading
T: Look at this picture.(Show the pictures of Hansel and Gretel.)Do you want to know further information about Hansel and Gretel?
設(shè)計意圖:將Hansel and Gretel以圖片的形式展示出來,簡短回顧了整體的戲劇情節(jié),并導(dǎo)入新課。
Step IV While-reading
1.Fast reading
Task: Draw lines to match the main idea of each paragraph.
T: Lets read the whole play as quickly as possible.Then draw lines to match the main idea of each scene.
Scene 1 A.The children _______ .
Scene 2 B.The children _______ up.
Scene 3 C.The children cant find the _______ .
Scene 4 D.Gretel learns about Hansels plan.
Scene 5 E.The children surprise the parents.
Scene 6 F.Hansel has to change his plan.
Scene 7 G.The children learn that something bad is going to happen.
Teacher asks some students to pay attention to the reading skill and answer the questions.
設(shè)計意圖:理解此戲劇的基本要素及主旨,為進一步理解文章及文章主線做好準備。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過獲取關(guān)鍵詞來提取大意,讓學(xué)生在閱讀前對此戲劇有所期待,為后面閱讀活動的順利開展進行鋪墊。
T: After fast reading we can divide the play into five parts.(見板書)
2.Careful-reading
(1)The setting(背景)
T: Read the setting of the first paragraph, then answer the questions.
T: Read paragraph 1, find out the details according to the mind map. There are five parts in the setting.
設(shè)計意圖:學(xué)生通過快速跳讀選出背景的五個要素。
(2)The beginning(開端)
T: Please read the beginning (from Scene 1 to 3), pay attention to the reading skill, then answer the questions.
① What news did they hear? (Scene 1)_______ .
② Did Hansel feel afraid? (Scene 1) _______ .
③ How did Hansel solve the problem? (Scene 3)
_______ .
T: Have you finished? Where can we find the answer?
(3)The development(發(fā)展)
T: Read scene 4-6, then judge the following sentences true (T)or false (F).
( )①As soon as Hansel and Gretel wake up, they must go to the forest with their stepmother? (Scene 4)
( )②Hansel and Gretel didnt get lost and they can find the way back.(Scene 6)
設(shè)計意圖:總結(jié)第四幕至第六幕,根據(jù)人物對白準確總結(jié)戲劇情節(jié)要點。目的是訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的自主閱讀能力,形成“獨立閱讀,合作交流,個性構(gòu)建”的閱讀教學(xué)模式,促進小組交流與合作。
(4)The Climax(高潮)
T: Please read Scene 7, then fill in the blanks. Pay attention to the reading skill.
The birds song is so . It leads them to that wonderful house made of .
T: Have you finished? Show me your answers and find out the details.
設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生體會兄妹倆在經(jīng)歷重重磨難之后,看見了糖果屋時的喜悅,為后面的情景表演打基礎(chǔ)。
(5)Complete the mind map
T: Complete the mind map according to the play, then retell the play.
T: Have you finished?(Teacher ask someone to show their opinions.)
T: (Ask the students some questions.) 1.Did the stepmother kill them? 2.Did the stepmother succeed? 3.Who succeeded? 4.What do you learn from the play?
T: From the play, we have learned “ Be brave and calm when facing problems! ”
Step V Post-reading
1.Language points
T: There are some important language points we should master them well.
2.Work in pairs
T: One is Gretel, one is Hansel, one is husband, one is stepmother.
T: Ask students to sum up what they have learned today.(見板書)
Step VI Homework
The play isnt ended. What happened then? Please think imaginatively, write your own play of Hansel and Gretel.
設(shè)計意圖:讓學(xué)生鞏固課堂所學(xué),在語言和思維的交互作用下達到認知和精神上的升華,從而也進一步確保本課教學(xué)目標的達成。
T: Thank you very much. So much for this class. Class is over. Goodbye, everyone.
Ss: Goodbye, teacher.
板書設(shè)計
評析:
該課的體裁為戲?。╬lay),由于我國學(xué)生較少接觸,因此教師在教學(xué)中根據(jù)文體特點進行了有針對性的教學(xué),不僅關(guān)注了語言知識和信息的獲取,還讓學(xué)生了解了戲劇的要素、語言特點、表現(xiàn)手法等,使學(xué)生獲得了文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的熏陶。針對該課的教學(xué)重難點,教師做了如下處理:
一、了解戲劇體裁的要素,促進學(xué)生語篇深層次的理解
該節(jié)課教師不僅引導(dǎo)學(xué)生獲取了戲劇體裁的要素,更通過層層設(shè)計突出了語言學(xué)習(xí)的過程和落實,選取2b部分文章從文學(xué)作品角度進行閱讀學(xué)習(xí),設(shè)計目的是使學(xué)生內(nèi)化優(yōu)秀精神品質(zhì),在思考中閱讀和形成批判思維品質(zhì)。教師安排了三大板塊,八個環(huán)節(jié)。三大板塊是:深層閱讀,體會人物心情;情景對話,展現(xiàn)人物特點;續(xù)寫結(jié)局,發(fā)揮想象空間。八個環(huán)節(jié)是:情景導(dǎo)入—戲劇背景—戲劇開端—戲劇發(fā)展—戲劇高潮—戲劇總結(jié)—戲劇表演—戲劇續(xù)寫。三大板塊,塊塊相接,緊密相連,八個環(huán)節(jié)環(huán)環(huán)緊扣,步步深入,將學(xué)生帶入戲劇情境中。這樣的安排有利于學(xué)生更好地理解文章結(jié)構(gòu),在心中形成“Mind map”,明確本節(jié)課要掌握的內(nèi)容,做到有章可循,有的放矢。
二、尊重學(xué)生的閱讀主體地位,引領(lǐng)學(xué)生與文本進行對話
讀前,了解此戲劇背景。快速瀏覽文章從形式上了解戲劇的基本形式,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生從文本中尋找戲劇的典型特點。跳讀,尋找戲劇要素。教師首先進行提問:How many scenes in this passage? How many characters in this passage? 然后通過完成表格的形式指導(dǎo)學(xué)生列出文中幾個不同場景的地點、時間、人物等要素,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注故事場景的變化,梳理故事中人物、時間、地點、原因等故事要素。尋讀,勾勒戲劇脈絡(luò)。引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在無須全面閱讀全文的前提下,在文中快速地尋找所需要的具體信息。通過尋讀,讓學(xué)生在本節(jié)課中根據(jù)四個主要人物在七個場景中行為動作的變化,清晰地勾勒出了幾個主人公鮮明的形象和故事發(fā)展的脈絡(luò)。同時也讓學(xué)生利用故事所提供的語境猜測、理解一些生詞的含義。細讀,品味戲劇語言。讓學(xué)生通過整體到部分再到整體的閱讀品味戲劇語言的特點及表現(xiàn)手法,在賞析中體會戲劇語言的魅力。
要讓學(xué)生有“問題”,自己先要成為有“問題”的人。教師對文本的閱讀最要緊的就是從文本中發(fā)現(xiàn)問題、提出問題,只有這樣,才能培養(yǎng)出善于思考的學(xué)生。該節(jié)課優(yōu)點突出,但細節(jié)閱讀過多,缺少深層理解。在閱讀教學(xué)中教師所設(shè)計的活動多數(shù)基于事實性問題,缺少從邏輯、分析、推理、判斷、綜合分析方面引導(dǎo)學(xué)生思考、質(zhì)疑或與作者對話的深層次訓(xùn)練。為此,教師應(yīng)在今后教學(xué)中依據(jù)文本特點,在理解細節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上,盡可能設(shè)計一到兩個深層次理解的閱讀活動。