護(hù)泉，濟(jì)南人揮之不去的情愫

文、圖／李瑞勇

泉水是濟(jì)南聞名世界的獨(dú)特名片，是濟(jì)南的靈魂，是世代濟(jì)南人為之驕傲的本錢。這個(gè)城市因泉而生，因泉而建，因泉而發(fā)展。濟(jì)南有六大泉群、七十二名泉。位于濟(jì)南趵突泉公園內(nèi)的趵突泉?jiǎng)t是濟(jì)南七十二名泉之首，被譽(yù)為“天下第一泉”。著名文學(xué)家蒲松齡則評(píng)價(jià)趵突泉是“海內(nèi)之名泉第一，齊門之勝地?zé)o雙”。

我小時(shí)候經(jīng)常到趵突泉公園看泉水，那時(shí)的“三股水”冒得很高，池底安裝著粗粗的大管子，問(wèn)了大人才知道那是自來(lái)水廠安裝的抽水管道。那個(gè)年代，自來(lái)水廠就在現(xiàn)在的趵突泉池邊，離泉池僅一墻之隔。

那時(shí)的人們以為趵突泉是取之不盡用之不竭的天然地下水庫(kù)，從未想過(guò)泉水還會(huì)干枯。但隨著開(kāi)采，不知從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，趵突泉的水不多了。后來(lái)就不允許開(kāi)采了，水廠也搬走了。長(zhǎng)大后才知道，隨著濟(jì)南的城市擴(kuò)張，用水量大幅提升，加上無(wú)序的開(kāi)發(fā)取水，再趕上那幾年大旱，直接造成了趵突泉斷流甚至干涸。趵突泉干涸后，大多數(shù)的濟(jì)南人心里都十分不是滋味，不甘心上蒼賜予泉城的“家底”就這樣悄無(wú)聲息地消逝。于是，政府和許多有識(shí)之士便開(kāi)始了節(jié)水保泉的行動(dòng)和研究。

1981年6月，中共濟(jì)南市委和共青團(tuán)濟(jì)南市委組織各界青年數(shù)百人，義務(wù)挖除淤泥清理趵突泉。那個(gè)年代，人們的精神面貌非常好，大家都認(rèn)為義務(wù)勞動(dòng)是應(yīng)盡的責(zé)任。所以一經(jīng)號(hào)召，許多政府部門、事業(yè)單位和工礦企業(yè)的共青團(tuán)組織都紛紛響應(yīng)，在沒(méi)有施工器械的情況下，工地邊上放個(gè)水桶，男女青年齊上陣，大家用锨挖，用筐抬，人工吊運(yùn)污泥，中午自帶干糧，用辛勤的汗水為天下第一泉來(lái)了個(gè)徹底的“凈身”。

○趵突泉涌。Baotu Spring is gushing.

○1981年，政府組織青年清理泉池淤泥。In 1981, the government organized the young people to clean up sludge of the spring.

隨后的日子里，趵突泉依然斷斷續(xù)續(xù)停噴過(guò)幾次，政府和百姓一直在苦苦探索節(jié)水保泉之路。大力倡導(dǎo)全民節(jié)水保泉意識(shí)，強(qiáng)制關(guān)停地下水開(kāi)采，開(kāi)展補(bǔ)水回灌，經(jīng)過(guò)不懈努力終于讓泉水重回泉城。2003年，趵突泉復(fù)涌，而且一噴就是14年，至今沒(méi)有斷流。而濟(jì)南市政府更通過(guò)立法加大了對(duì)泉水的保護(hù)力度，通過(guò)各方努力，相信泉城“家家泉水，戶戶垂楊”的美麗景色會(huì)一直延續(xù)下去。

○1988年春拍攝的趵突泉留影，可以清晰看到趵突泉干涸的情景。The picture shot in the spring of 1988 clearly shows the Baotu Spring was drying up.

○2003年趵突泉復(fù)噴后，市民在泉畔寫(xiě)生。In 2003, after Baotu Spring gushed again, people sketched beside the spring.

編輯／王雪芃

Spring water is the unique card of Jinan in the world,as well as the soul of Jinan. Jinan has six spring groups, including more than 72 famous springs.Baotu Spring in Baotu Spring Park ranks first among the 72 springs, and is honored as “No. 1 Spring under Heaven”.

When I was young, I always went to Baotu Spring Park to see spring water. At that time, people thought Baotu Spring was an inexhaustible natural underground reservoir. However, with the constant exploitation, Baotu Spring faced drying up. In June, 1981, the CPC Jinan Municipal Committee and Communist Youth League Committee organized hundreds of young volunteers to dig sludge out of Baotu Spring.

After that, the government and the people have explored the way of spring protection. In 2003, Baotu Spring gushed again, and has kept gushing for 14 years.With our effort, we believe that the beautiful scenery of“Spring water bubbles in the courtyard of every family and willows wave in front of very family gate” will continue for ever.

○2010年，外國(guó)友人在泉水邊游玩嬉戲。In 2010, foreigners had fun beside the spring water.

○2016年國(guó)際泉水文化景觀城市聯(lián)盟在濟(jì)南成立。In 2016, the International Spring Cultural Landscape City Union was established in Jinan.