城市原野—豐樹商業(yè)城二期

1 場地平面圖，主要設(shè)計概念是在開發(fā)地塊的中心創(chuàng)造一個“森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”Site plan. The main concept is to create a "Forest Ecosystem" right at the center of the development

豐樹商業(yè)城二期位于新加坡西部，是一個以港口和倉庫為主的工業(yè)區(qū)域。盡管場地毗鄰肯特崗公園自然保護(hù)區(qū)（Kent Ridge Park Nature Reserves），但過去這一區(qū)域的開發(fā)對自然環(huán)境的考慮并不充分。

該項目占地35 000m2，曾經(jīng)完全被具有混凝土表面的多層倉庫建筑覆蓋。隨著新加坡對辦公空間需求的不斷增加，委托人決定拆除倉庫，將其轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)代的工作場所，并與前方現(xiàn)存的一期辦公樓相連接。綜合考慮總體規(guī)劃，設(shè)計師將全新的二期建筑設(shè)置在場地北端，使位于一期和二期中心的大型開放空間成為共享式戶外活動場所，并以綠色植物取代原來的硬質(zhì)建筑表面。

2 灌木及地被種植平面圖Shrub & Groundcover Plan

3 喬木種植平面圖Tree Plan

4 剖面圖Section

5 雨洪管理策略和生態(tài)濕地分布Stromwater management strategy and bioswale plan

6 交通動線分析。綜合考慮總體規(guī)劃，設(shè)計師將全新的二期建筑設(shè)置在場地北端，使位于一期和二期中心的大型開放空間成為共享式戶外活動場所，并以綠色植物取代原來的硬質(zhì)建筑表面Circulation. Considering master plan as a whole, stepping tower of phase 2 is planned on the northern end of the site to allow large open space in the center of phase 1 and 2 to become a major green open space for outdoor activities shared by both phases, replacing previously hard surface with greenery

7 風(fēng)向流動Wind flow

為了連接毗鄰的肯特崗公園自然保護(hù)區(qū)，使其形成一條延續(xù)的生態(tài)走廊，設(shè)計師將停車場建筑的頂層作為一期與二期工程的交匯點，打造了一個大型“森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”，大部分層疊的屋頂平臺的土壤平均深度可達(dá)1.8m，以保證森林的長期生長。在本次開發(fā)中，綠色植物覆蓋面積達(dá)到場地總面積的70%。

根據(jù)毗鄰的肯特崗公園物種研究結(jié)果選擇植物材料，以確保植物的存活率。不同大小的植物—從幼苗到成年樹隨機地散布種植，由此形成一個真正的森林。在森林的下層混合種植鄉(xiāng)土灌木，以高灌木點綴，同時種植多種多樣的觀花觀果植物，使森林成為蝴蝶、蜻蜓、鳥類和其他野生動物的棲息地，以維持生物多樣性，形成繁茂、多層次的森林景觀。

為了管理大面積的綠色植被，設(shè)計師設(shè)置了一系列小丘，這些小丘地形不僅可以抵御暴雨，還將原本平坦的場地塑造為動態(tài)的空間，以容納多種活動。小丘的形態(tài)和朝向也與當(dāng)?shù)氐娘L(fēng)向和一、二期之間的人流方向相一致。

雨洪管理方面，在每個小丘旁均設(shè)置了生態(tài)濕地，使雨水徑流緩慢地流經(jīng)砂層從而得到過濾，以有效地調(diào)節(jié)場地排水模式。最終，經(jīng)過預(yù)先過濾的雨水在最低點得以收集，進(jìn)入蓄水池進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的處理和循環(huán)灌溉。蓄水池的尺寸經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格計算，可以儲存7天的灌溉用水。在氣候相對濕潤的新加坡，蓄水池可結(jié)合雨水監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)在雨天完成灌溉用水的儲存工作，儲存的總水量足夠用于灌溉。

8 “城市原野”不僅在熱帶氣候條件下為多種辦公場所和娛樂設(shè)施提供了舒適、理想的環(huán)境，同時也使生態(tài)環(huán)境得到了整體提升"Urban Wilderness" will provide an ideal comfortable environment for various co-working spaces and recreational facilities amidst tropical climate and also enhance the ecology at large

9 圓形的綠色露天劇場位于場地一角，承擔(dān)舉辦活動、表演等特殊集會功能，平時則作為安靜的休息空間Green amphitheater is proposed at one corner to cater for large group gathering during special event or performance and also as quiet sitting space during normal days

10 小丘頂部較為隱蔽的空間為促進(jìn)人與人之間的互動交流提供了場所，同時更加強了人與自然環(huán)境的聯(lián)系More secluded setting on top of the mound are created to promote interaction amongst not only each other but also with nature as well

11 道路的方向與一期和二期之間人流方向一致The direction of the path way also corresponds to the flow of people connecting between Phase 1 and Phase 2

12 設(shè)計不僅鼓勵著人們白天走出辦公室享受戶外空間，同時也引領(lǐng)人們在夜晚追求創(chuàng)新、健康的生活方式The design not only encourages office workers to come out and do activities in day time but also bring them to do creativities and a healthy lifestyle in the evening

在空間設(shè)計方面，小丘的形態(tài)定義了人們的活動流線和一系列供活動使用的口袋空間。沿道路設(shè)置的戶外生態(tài)休憩空間和小丘頂部設(shè)置的較為隱蔽的空間，為促進(jìn)人與人之間的互動交流提供了場所，同時更加強了人與自然環(huán)境的聯(lián)系。圓形的綠色露天劇場位于場地一角，承擔(dān)舉辦活動、表演等特殊集會功能，平時則用作安靜的休息空間。設(shè)計鼓勵人們走出辦公室，將吃午餐、小組工作、組織會議或研習(xí)討論等一系列工作中常見的活動帶入自然環(huán)境，以開發(fā)人們的創(chuàng)造力，同時開啟健康的工作和生活方式。

綠色區(qū)域不會到建筑即停止，而是與建筑部分產(chǎn)生交融，同時保證植物可以接受到45?陽光的照射。設(shè)計師為這里挑選了一些森林中常見的耐陰植物進(jìn)行種植，以確保森林的長期生長。

除此之外，場地中還設(shè)置了許多娛樂設(shè)施，包括多功能運動設(shè)施，如足球場、籃球場、戶外健身站和慢跑道等，這些設(shè)施外部與肯特崗公園相連，同時結(jié)合具有過濾功能的“生態(tài)水池”，為各種水生植物和魚類提供了健康的生態(tài)環(huán)境，使豐樹商業(yè)城二期成為一個獨特的集生活、工作與娛樂為一體的功能性場所。

最后，從毗鄰的自然保護(hù)區(qū)汲取的景觀設(shè)計概念—“城市原野”，不僅在熱帶氣候條件下為多種辦公場所和娛樂設(shè)施提供了舒適、理想的環(huán)境，同時也使生態(tài)環(huán)境得到了整體提升。

(編輯/陳雨茜)

項目位置：新加坡

設(shè)計總監(jiān)：普拉潘·納帕黃迪

景觀設(shè)計師：夸徹安諾克·柯喬克薩梅，吉森帕·瑟諾吉克，蘇皮卡·薩克賈塞

園藝師：塔尼·薩沃斯塞

委托人&開發(fā)商：豐樹產(chǎn)業(yè)私人投資有限公司

建筑設(shè)計：DCA建筑私人投資有限公司

主要承包商：清水建設(shè)株式會社

軟景觀承包商：熱帶環(huán)境私人投資有限公司

照明設(shè)計：燈箱私人投資有限公司

項目類型：公共機構(gòu)

場地面積：43 800m2

景觀面積：30 000m2

建成年份：2016年

攝影師：維森·辛尼亞

翻譯：遆羽欣

校對：張希

Mapletree Business City II, located in the western territory of Singapore Island designated to be industrial zone with to port and warehouses.Despite close proximity to the Kent Ridge Park,a nature reserved, past development in this area doesn’t concern so much about nature aspect.

The site of 35,000 square meters that this project stood on was once occupied with multistorey warehouse covering the entire site with concrete surface. As demand for office spaces in Singapore is on the rise, client decided to demolish the warehouse and turn it into a modern workplace connecting to the existing phase 1 office tower in the front. Considering master plan as a whole,stepping tower of phase 2 is planned on the northern end of the site to allow large open space in the center of phase 1 and 2 to become a major green open space for outdoor activities shared by both phases, replacing previously hard surface with greenery.

In an attempt to connect the ecological corridor from the nearby Kent Ridge Park Nature Reserves, a “Forest Ecosystem” is created largely on top of car park podium acting as a welcoming space and a point of interchange between phase 1&2 and on most of the sky roofs of the stacking tower with average soil depth at 1.8 meter to ensure forest future growth. In this new development,70% of the site area is covering with greenery.

13 沿道路設(shè)置的戶外生態(tài)休憩空間鼓勵著人們走出辦公室，將工作中常見的活動帶入自然環(huán)境，以開發(fā)人們的創(chuàng)造力，同時開啟健康的生活方式Outdoor sitting niche spaces along the path way are encourages office workers to come out and do typical office activities out into the natural surroundings to promote creativities and a healthy lifestyle

14 帶有過濾功能的“生態(tài)水池”使豐樹商業(yè)城二期成為一個獨特的集生活、工作與娛樂為一體的功能場所Sand filter "Eco Pond" make Mapletree Business City II a unique live, work and play environment

Choice of planting material is the result from exploration to identify species at the Kent Ridges Park to ensure survival rate. Varying tree’s size from young sapling to grown up tree is randomly placed to form a true forest composition. On the under layer of the forest, mix of local shrubs and dotted of high shrubs is planted to give a sense of deep forest lushness. Variety offlowering and fruit baring trees and shrubs species help enhancing the created forest as habitat for butterflies, dragonflies,bird and other wild animal to maintain biodiversity at large.

15、16 設(shè)計師挑選了一些森林中常見的耐陰植物進(jìn)行種植，以確保森林的長期生長Shade tolerant species typically found on forest ground are selected for this area to ensure a long term growth of the forest

To manage large surface of greenery, series of mounds is created not only to deal with storm water management but also to craft the seeminglyflat surface into a dynamic spaces to house various activities. The direction of the mounds also corresponds to theflow of the local wind direction and flow of people connecting between Phase 1 and Phase 2.

On the storm water management, bioswale is created at the foot of each mound to effectively regulate drainage pattern while allow the run-off to slowly filter through the sandy layers. Eventually, the pre- filtered rain water is the collected at the lowest point and leads into the rain water harvesting tank, treated and recycles for irrigation. The tank size is calculated to hold 7 days of irrigation water. Incorporated with rain censor system, which will save irrigation water during rainy days, the amount of irrigation water saved in the tank will be suf ficient for the relatively wet island of Singapore.

On the space creation, the mounds are shaped to define the circulation and pocket spaces for activities. Both outdoor sitting spaces along the path way or more secluded setting on top of the mound are created to promote interaction amongst not only each other, but also with nature as well.Green amphitheater is proposed at one corner to cater for large group gathering during special event or performance and also as quiet sitting space during normal days. The design encourages of fice workers to come out and do typical of fice activities out into the natural surroundings, whether to have lunch, co-working, organize meetings or workshops to promote creativities and a healthy lifestyle.

The green area does not stop at the edge of the building. Instead, the greenery continues under the building footprint where 45 degrees of sun light could reach. Shade tolerant species typically found on forest ground are selected for this area to ensure a long term growth of the forest.

Additionally, recreational programs such as full functional sport facilities ranging from Footsal Court, Basketball Court, Outdoor Fitness Station and Jogging Route–which connects out to the Kent Ridge Park–along with sand filter “Eco Pond” which provide a healthy ecology for the various aquatic plants and fish, will make Mapletree Business City II a unique live, work and play environment.

To conclude, the landscape design concept which draws inspiration from the adjacent nature reserve to create an “urban wilderness” will not only provide an ideal comfortable environment for various co-working spaces and recreational facilities amidst tropical climate but also enhance the ecology at large.

Location: Singapore

Design Director: Prapan Napawongdee

Landscape Architect: Kwanchanok Kongchoksamai,Jitsupa Thunhomjit, Supika Sukjamsai

Horticulturist: Tanee Sawasdee

Client & Developer: Mapletree Investments Pte Ltd.

Architect: DCA Architects Pte Ltd.

Main Contractor: Shimizu Corporation

Softscape Contractor: Tropical Environment Pte Ltd.

Lighting Designer: The Lightbox Pte Ltd.

Project Type: Institution

Site Area: 43 800m2

Landscape Area: 30 000m2

Completion Year: 2016

Photograph Credit: Mr. Wison Thngthunya

Translator: TI Yu-xin

Proofreader: ZHANG Xi

17 照明設(shè)計激活“生態(tài)水池”空間，為各種水生植物和魚類提供健康的生態(tài)環(huán)境Design of lighting bring the life to "Eco Pond" which provide a healthy ecology for the various aquatic plants and fishes