四十五載兩家實中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)投資合作進(jìn)入“自貿(mào)繁榮”新時代

今年是中澳建交45周年。1972年建交之際，兩國進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易額僅為8600萬美元，2016年達(dá)1078億美元，規(guī)模擴(kuò)大了上千倍，雙向投資穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。目前，中國已經(jīng)成為澳第七大投資來源地和第五大對外投資目的地，兩國在對方市場的投資存量均超過了800億澳元。

于2015年12月正式生效的《中澳自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定》讓中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)合作站上了新的起點，協(xié)定的實施為兩國企業(yè)深化能礦資源合作，擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域交流，創(chuàng)造了更好的條件和環(huán)境。

今年3月，國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)訪澳期間簽署多項協(xié)議，明確雙方將深入推進(jìn)中方“一帶一路”倡議與澳“北部大開發(fā)”計劃，以及兩國創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略對接合作，積極拓展能源資源、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、農(nóng)牧業(yè)和科技創(chuàng)新等領(lǐng)域合作。

2017年5月在北京召開的“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇圓滿成功，為今后兩國互利互惠經(jīng)貿(mào)合作開辟了新的發(fā)展前景，澳聯(lián)邦政府簽署了中國商務(wù)部提議的《促進(jìn)“一帶一路”國際合作貿(mào)易暢通文件》，承諾支持澳中工商界攜手并進(jìn)，抓住“一帶一路”倡議帶來的機(jī)遇，推動兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)合作關(guān)系不斷向深度和廣度拓展。雙方同意繼續(xù)實施好中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定，努力打造兩國合作“自貿(mào)繁榮”新時代。

剛剛過去的黨的十九大為中國的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步規(guī)劃了美好的藍(lán)圖，也為中澳兩國未來經(jīng)貿(mào)合作帶來了新的重要機(jī)遇。國家主席習(xí)近平對全世界莊嚴(yán)承諾：中國將實行高水平的貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化政策，全面實行準(zhǔn)入前國民待遇加負(fù)面清單管理制度，大幅度放寬市場準(zhǔn)入，擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)對外開放，保護(hù)外商投資合法權(quán)益。對此，澳中工商界熱烈歡迎、拍手稱快，紛紛表示中澳兩國要協(xié)同共進(jìn)，努力培育貿(mào)易新業(yè)態(tài)新模式，尊重彼此核心利益，妥善處理雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)交往中出現(xiàn)的問題和摩擦，推動早日結(jié)束區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟(jì)伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定（RCEP）談判，加快推進(jìn)亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)建設(shè)。

正如李克強(qiáng)在今年3月訪澳期間出席中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)合作論壇時指出的那樣，中澳貿(mào)易繁榮是自由貿(mào)易所帶來的福祉，兩國將不斷開辟新領(lǐng)域，“希望兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系像會場內(nèi)的鮮花一樣越開越旺，碩果越來越大”。

On 21 December 1972， Australia and Chinas Ambassadors signed a joint communique establishing diplomatic relations between Australia and the Peoples Republic of China. This year marks the 45th anniversary of that historic moment.

1972年12月21日，澳大利亞大使與中國大使簽署了澳大利亞與中華人民共和國建立外交關(guān)系的聯(lián)合公報。今年是這一歷史性時刻的第45周年。

It would have been difficult for Ambassadors Renouf and Huang to imagine the strength and breadth of the relationship today. The growth in the trade relationship has been particularly remarkable. In 1972 our two-way trade was worth just AUD113 million. By 2016 that figure had grown to over AUD155 billion. China is now Australias biggest trading partner by a wide margin and Australia is certainly one of Chinas top trade and investment partners. There is no denying the strong economic complementarity between China and Australia. Australia has supported China through its period of extraordinary growth， as a reliable supplier of quality agriculture， mineral and energy resources. Now， as China transitions to a more consumer-driven economy， Australia is a partner for the future-underpinned by our free trade agreement-to meet Chinese demand for highquality food， consumer items and services， especially education， tourism and healthcare.

雷諾夫大使和黃鎮(zhèn)大使當(dāng)初一定沒有想到兩國之間的這種關(guān)系如今會發(fā)展到如此的強(qiáng)度和廣度，特別是雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)增長顯著。1972年，我們的雙邊貿(mào)易額只有1.13億澳元，而這一數(shù)字到2016年則增長到了超過1，550億澳元?，F(xiàn)在，中國是澳大利亞的第一大貿(mào)易伙伴，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出其他國家；澳大利亞也是中國最為重要的貿(mào)易和投資伙伴之一。不可否認(rèn)的是中澳兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)高度互補(bǔ)。在中國高速發(fā)展時期，澳大利亞作為一個可靠的高品質(zhì)農(nóng)業(yè)、礦產(chǎn)和能源資源供應(yīng)國為中國提供了支持?，F(xiàn)在當(dāng)中國向更加以消費(fèi)為主導(dǎo)的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型時，作為強(qiáng)有力支撐的合作伙伴，澳大利亞為中國提供其所需的高品質(zhì)食品、消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)，特別是在教育、旅游和醫(yī)療健康方面。兩國間的自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定則為這些機(jī)遇提供了基礎(chǔ)。

The entry into force of the China Australia Free Trade Agreement （ChAFTA） in December 2015 was an important milestone in the bilateral relationship. I had the honour of being the lead negotiator， and as Ambassador I have had the pleasure of seeing the benefits of the agreement embraced by businesses in both countries. ChAFTA has already delivered benefits through lower tariffs and improved market access. More broadly， our high quality economic treaty has brought us closer together as societies， and focused attention on the huge potential for further mutually beneficial collaboration.endprint

于2015年12月生效的中澳自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定是兩國雙邊關(guān)系的一個里程碑。在這項自貿(mào)協(xié)定的談判過程中，我有幸出任首席談判代表。而作為現(xiàn)任的澳大利亞駐華大使，我非常高興地看到這一協(xié)定帶來的成效得到了我們兩國商界的熱烈歡迎。這一協(xié)定通過降低關(guān)稅和改善市場準(zhǔn)入，使我們兩國從中受益。此外，高質(zhì)量的經(jīng)貿(mào)協(xié)定還讓我們兩國間的聯(lián)系更加緊密，并讓人關(guān)注的兩國間未來互利互惠合作的巨大潛力。

While Australia has a long history of Chinese migration， in 1972 there were fewer than 500 tourists from China and no Chinese students. In contrast， this year as we celebrate the China-Australia Year of Tourism， Australia will welcome over 1.3 million Chinese tourists and over 150，000 Chinese students. At the same time nearly 500，000 Australians visited China last year， along with growing numbers of students. Today these thriving people-to-people links between Australia and China are the foundation of our strong political， cultural and economic relationship， and will continue to be so in the future.

雖然華人移民澳大利亞的歷史悠久，但是在1972年時只有不到500位中國游客到訪澳大利亞，在澳學(xué)習(xí)的中國學(xué)生人數(shù)則為零。與此形成對照的是，當(dāng)今年我們歡慶中澳旅游年時，澳大利亞會迎來超過130萬名的中國游客，在澳學(xué)習(xí)的中國學(xué)生人數(shù)則會超過15萬人。另一方面，去年有近50萬澳大利亞人訪問了中國，來華學(xué)習(xí)的澳大利亞學(xué)生數(shù)量也在不斷增加。澳中兩國間蓬勃發(fā)展的人民與人民之間的聯(lián)系是我們兩國間如今堅實的政治、文化與經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)，未來也必將繼續(xù)如此。

Drawing New Chapters in China-Australia Relationship譜寫中澳關(guān)系新篇章

On the occasion of celebrating the 45th Anniversary of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between China and Australia， I hereby present my warm congratulations to China Council for the Promotion of International Trade for its Special Edition of the Chinas Foreign Trade magazine to mark this important moment.

在中國與澳大利亞兩國建交45周年之際，欣聞中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會主辦的《中國對外貿(mào)易》雜志將出版《中國澳大利亞建交45周年特刊》，謹(jǐn)對此表示祝賀。

Forty-five years ago， the older generation of leaders in China and Australia， with their extraordinary political wisdom， far-sight and courage， made the strategic decision of establishing diplomatic relations between China and Australia， hence opening a new chapter in our bilateral ties. This relationship has grown significantly over the past 45 years， from the initial phase to multiple exchanges and then to a strategic bondage， and more recently， to the comprehensive strategic partnership. There are frequent exchanges of visit at high-level and more than 40 official mechanisms of consultation between the two countries. In particular， President Xi Jinpings successful visit to Australia in 2014 laid a solid foundation for the overall long-term development of Sino-Aussie links.

45年前，中澳兩國老一輩領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人以非凡的政治智慧、遠(yuǎn)見和勇氣，作出了中國和澳大利亞建立外交關(guān)系的重大戰(zhàn)略抉擇，揭開了中澳關(guān)系的嶄新篇章。45年來，中澳兩國關(guān)系不斷提升，從全面合作關(guān)系到戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系，再到全面戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系。兩國高層交往不斷，雙方并建立了40多個重要對話機(jī)制。特別是習(xí)近平主席2014年成功訪澳，為兩國的全面長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了堅實基礎(chǔ)。

Bilateral trade and economic cooperation has borne plenty of fruits over the past 45 years. The two-way trade grew from US$86 million in the early years of diplomatic ties to US$107.8 billion in 2016， an increase of 1，252 times. Australia is Chinas eighth largest trading partner and an important supplier of commodities and agricultural products. The China-Australia Free Trade Agreement （ChAFTA） came into effect on December 20， 2015， bringing new momentum to the development of bilateral business relations. The statistics of Australian side shows that bilateral trade in goods for the fiscal year of 2016-17 reached AU$156.25 billion， accounting for 27.4% of Australias total trade. On the other hand， bilateral trade in services has been expanding steadily， covering tourism， education， financial insurance， transportation， consulting service and architectural design. In 2016 the bilateral trade in services rose 14.2 per cent to AU$ 13.8 billion. China has risen to become Australias second largest services trading partner， and its largest services export market.endprint

45年來，中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)合作不斷深入擴(kuò)大，可謂五谷蕃熟、穰穰滿家。兩國貿(mào)易規(guī)模從建交初期的8600萬美元提升到2016年的1078億美元，擴(kuò)大了1252倍。澳大利亞是中國第八大貿(mào)易伙伴，是中國大宗商品以及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的重要來源國。中國已穩(wěn)居澳第一大貿(mào)易伙伴，第一大出口市場和第一大進(jìn)口來源國。2015年12月20日中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定正式生效實施，為中澳經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展注入新活力。據(jù)澳方統(tǒng)計，2016-17財年雙邊貨物貿(mào)易額1562.5億澳元，占澳貨物貿(mào)易的比重達(dá)到27.4%。雙邊服務(wù)貿(mào)易從零起步，潛力迸發(fā)，目前已涵蓋旅游、教育、金融保險、運(yùn)輸、咨詢、建筑設(shè)計等諸多行業(yè)。2016年兩國服務(wù)貿(mào)易額達(dá)138.76億澳元，同比增長14.2%。中國已上升為澳第二大服務(wù)貿(mào)易伙伴，第一大服務(wù)出口市場。

China and Australia are crucial investors to each other. Australian statistics indicate that China is now Australias fifth-largest outbound investment destination. By the end of 2016， the stock of Australian investment in China stood at AU$87.9 billion. Meanwhile， a large number of Chinese enterprises have invested in the Australian sectors of mining， real estate， banking， leasing and business services， manufacturing， agriculture， wholesale and retail business. According to Chinese statistics， the stock of Chinese investment in Australia reached US$94.57 billion at the end of 2016， Australia now ranks No. 3 as a destination for outbound Chinese investments. In addition， China and Australia have conducted fruitful exchanges and in-depth cooperation in a wide range of fields， including science and technology， culture， energy， military affairs and law enforcement. Local exchanges are increasing rapidly. As of the end of 2016， over 100 pairs of sister city/state relationship had been established between the two countries.

中澳互為重要的投資目的國。據(jù)澳方統(tǒng)計，截至2016年末中國吸收澳投資存量879億澳元，是澳對外投資第五大目的地。同時，眾多中國企業(yè)赴澳投資，已覆蓋采礦業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)、金融、租賃和商務(wù)服務(wù)、制造業(yè)、批發(fā)零售、農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域。據(jù)中方統(tǒng)計，截至2016年底，中國對澳各類投資累計945.7億美元，澳大利亞成為中國對外投資的第三大目的地。此外，中澳還在科技、文化、能源、軍事、司法執(zhí)法等領(lǐng)域開展了富有成效的交流與合作。地方交往方興未艾，截至2016年底，兩國已建立超過100對友好省州和城市關(guān)系。

History shows that China-Australia relationship of past 45 years has yielded bumpy harvest to the benefit of both countries. The 19th CPC Congress recently held in Beijing set forth a grand blueprint for Chinas future development. China will continue to pursue comprehensive reforms and open wider to the world， in order to realize peaceful development and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. This means important new opportunities for further advance of the bilateral cooperation in all areas. The sound development of future ChinaAustralia relationship requires the concerted support and joint efforts by the governments， peoples and wider communities of both countries. Let us join our hands to draw new chapters in China-Australia relations.

回首過去，中澳關(guān)系可謂桃紅杏黃李盈枝，四十五載兩家實。最近召開的中共十九大，為中國未來發(fā)展制定了宏偉藍(lán)圖。中國將繼續(xù)全面深化改革，進(jìn)一步對外開放，堅定走和平發(fā)展道路，推動構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。這無疑為加強(qiáng)中澳兩國各領(lǐng)域合作提供了新的重要機(jī)遇。未來，中澳關(guān)系的穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展需要兩國政府、人民和社會各界的大力支持和共同努力。讓我們攜起手來，共同譜寫中澳關(guān)系的新篇章。endprint

CHENG Jingye

2017.11.12

Ambassador of the Peoples Republic of China to the Commonwealth of Australia

中華人民共和國駐澳大利亞聯(lián)邦大使

Celebrating 45 years of Australia-China diplomatic relations慶祝澳大利亞與中國建交45周年

In 1971， our future Prime Minister， Gough Whitlam， made a historic visit to the Peoples Republic of China to discuss the establishment of diplomatic relations. Despite the great foresight shown by members of that delegation， no one at that time could have envisaged the substantial impact China would come to have on Australias economy and prosperity. In the year 1972-73， total trade with China was around A$112 million. Only a short forty-five years later， China is Australias largest two-way trading partner， with approximately A$150 billion in total value.

1971年，后來成為澳大利亞總理的高夫·惠特朗姆（Gough Whitlam）對中華人民共和國進(jìn)行了歷史性的訪問以探討兩國建立外交關(guān)系。這是一次富有遠(yuǎn)見的訪問，但是那些高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚的代表團(tuán)成員們當(dāng)時沒有一個人能設(shè)想到中國會對澳大利亞經(jīng)濟(jì)和繁榮產(chǎn)生的重大影響。在1972-1973年，澳大利亞與中國的貿(mào)易總額大約是1.12億澳元。僅僅在短短的45年后，中國已經(jīng)是澳大利亞最大的雙邊貿(mào)易伙伴，貿(mào)易總額約1500億澳元。

China is our largest market for services exports. Students from China make up the largest cohort of all international student groups with over 140，000 studying in Australia this year. Last year， over 1.2 million visitors from China enjoyed a holiday in Australia and we expect that by 2020 that will grow to just under two million tourists visiting Australia for some well-earned rest and relaxation. They will enjoy our fine food and unique experiences amongst natural beauty that is truly breathtaking in all its wild extremes. They might visit some of Western Australias most remote but beautiful locations such as Coral Bay not far from the site of Chinas first overseas mineral resource investment at the Channar iron ore mine. The project was also Chinas largest overseas investment at the time signed in 1987. Some visitors will also tour our world renowned wine regions and while at the cellar door purchase some of the local vintages via ecommerce platforms， the products then delivered to their door on return to China.Apart from Australias high quality meat， horticulture， food and beverage products， commercial cooperation extends across all industries. Collaboration in medical sciences and health， aged care services， water， resources， energy and infrastructure， telecommunications， financial services and digital technology to name a few， is mature and becoming even more influential in driving new industries and innovation.Cooperation in the education sector， skills development and training is a foundation of the bilateral relationship and growing more important day by day. The benefits brought to both our nations by our close commercial and economic cooperation cannot be understated.endprint

中國是我們服務(wù)業(yè)出口最大的市場。今年有超過14萬名留學(xué)生在澳大利亞學(xué)習(xí)，是澳大利亞所有國際學(xué)生中最大的群體。去年，超過120萬名中國游客在澳大利亞享受假日，而我們預(yù)計到2020年，將會有接近200萬中國游客來澳大利亞放松休閑。他們將享受我們精美的食品，以及令人嘆為觀止的各種極致自然美景的獨特體驗。他們可能會到訪一些西澳州最偏遠(yuǎn)而美麗的地方如珊瑚灣——那里離中國首個海外礦產(chǎn)資源投資項目恰那鐵礦不遠(yuǎn)，該項目也是中國在1987年簽訂的最大一筆海外投資。一些游客也將參觀我們的世界聞名的葡萄酒產(chǎn)區(qū)，在酒窖門口通過電商平臺購買一些當(dāng)?shù)禺a(chǎn)的葡萄酒，這些商品將在他們回國時直接送貨上門。除了澳大利亞優(yōu)質(zhì)的肉類、園藝、食品和飲料產(chǎn)品外，兩國商業(yè)合作涉及各個行業(yè)。在醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)與健康、老年護(hù)理服務(wù)、水務(wù)、資源、能源和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、電信、金融服務(wù)、數(shù)字技術(shù)，以及其他更多方面的合作已經(jīng)成熟，并且在推動新的產(chǎn)業(yè)和創(chuàng)新方面更具影響力。教育領(lǐng)域、技能發(fā)展和培訓(xùn)方面的合作是雙邊關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)并日益重要。我們緊密的商業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)合作給兩國帶來的利益不可低估。

For all the progress we have seen， what Prime Minister Whitlams delegation and the Chinese senior officials who hosted them at the time knew has not changed to this day； ultimately it is people-to-people links and mutual understanding that matter most. This is what we really celebrate on the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations.

惠特拉姆總理的代表團(tuán)和接見他們的中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人當(dāng)時認(rèn)識到，最終人與人之間的聯(lián)系和相互理解是最重要的。我們今天能看到有如此成就，因他們的觀點正確而不可動搖。在兩國建交45周年之際，我們應(yīng)該為此而進(jìn)行真正的慶祝。

Richard Coote

顧磊杰

Deputy Consul-General （Commercial） Australian Consulate-General Shanghai and China Country Manager Australian Trade and Investment Commission

澳大利亞貿(mào)易投資委員會（澳大利亞駐華使領(lǐng)館商務(wù)處）中國經(jīng)理澳大利亞駐上海副總領(lǐng)事（商務(wù)處）endprint