• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    越南領美亞絲綢的歷史和發(fā)展

    2018-01-25 01:00:28杜凱麗
    絲綢 2018年1期
    關鍵詞:美亞理工大學絲綢

    杜凱麗

    (浙江理工大學 材料與紡織學院、絲綢學院,杭州310018)

    Generally speaking,the silk industry plays an important role for economic and cultural aspects in the society of Vietnam.Although it is not a leading major in economy,silk industry brings income for thousands of farmers,and for the sericulture zones.Itmakes significant profits.Moreover,for Vietnamese manufacturers and traders,silk and textile product is valuable foreign currency income.Besides,silk industry promotes rural economic restructuring of Vietnam to industrialization and modernization,reduces the proportion of agriculture,and increases the proportion of services and handicrafts.

    Lanh My A silk created in Tan Chau,An Giang Province is a popular and well-known material of Vietnam that has a development history through decades.With the comfortable characteristics for wearing,time-consuming dyeing process and glossy black colour from persimmon extract,Lanh My A is rated as high-class silk fabric of Vietnam.Until present,there are very few journals about Lanh My A silk,such as An GiangHandicraft and Industry by Professor Le Minh Tung,The lastartist ofLanh My A by journalist Nguyen Quynh Huong.However,they just focus on analyzing the weaving and dyeing technology of Lanh My A.On the basis of historical documents and data collected through research process,this article provides an overall knowledge about the history of Lanh My A silk,and its revival after difficult time and also recommends some application ways formodern textiles.

    1 概 況

    1 Introduction

    1.1 越南絲綢業(yè)對領美亞絲綢的影響

    1.1 Effect of history of Vietnam silk industry on Lanh My A silk

    From the 15thcentury,silk industry had contributed positively to economy of Vietnam.From 1858,the Vietnam-France war started.The French government appreciated the potential resources of sericulture and textiles in Vietnam.In 1886,French army established the Department of Silk in Ha Noi,and prepared the plans and strategies to raise and collect themulberry leaves,silkworm eggs and cocoon in Northern Vietnam.From 1905,French government implemented the tax-free policies for textile products and built large silk centers in the whole country.By 1923,Indochina budgeted by French army for silk industry was divided as follows:Northern Vietnam 702.000 francs(125.200 USD),Central Vietnam 123.000 francs(21.900 USD),and Southern Vietnam 129.000 francs(23.000 USD).This capital boosted the development of silk industry throughout Vietnam,and especially the new sericulture areas such as Tan Chau(An Giang Province)in Southern Vietnam,where the typical productwas Lanh My A silk[1].

    In the 1930s,factors of capital goods helped numerous traders in Tan Chau,An Giang whomade good benefits from textile products and opened private textile workshops.Except domestic manufacture resources,farmers imported silkworm eggs and cocoon from England,France, Brasil and China.In 1945, Vietnam Revolution was successful,and the war ended.Silk industry was concerned and invested by government.

    1.2 潭州養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)的發(fā)展

    1.2 Developed period of Tan Chau sericulture zone Located in the northwestern An Giang Province,Tan Chau Silk Town has been well known for long-known silk weaving.In July 1908,the very first Vietnam Silk Institute was established by French army in An Giang Province.Tan Chau was considered as the trade center of Southern Vietnam and Cambodia,located on the islet with suitable land and climate for growingmulberry and raising silkworm,which ensured the quality ofmanufacturematerial.In the most developed period of sericulture in Tan Chau, there were 60 textile workshops,250 weavingmachines and 120 incubation houses in the area of 300 acres which occupied a half of total mulberry plant acreage of Southern Vietnam.Annual fiber output reached 4-6 thousand tons.

    In the early 20thcentury,Tan Chau Silk Town was regionally famous for two famous silkworm brands.The first one is a company founded in 1909 in Long Hung ward,producing fine mulberry varieties for the whole region.The second company was founded in 1912,and destroyed in 1945 by the war.Until1963,this firm was officially named Tan Chau Department of Sericulture[2].Currently,Vietnam silk industry has benefited from ASEAN Free Trade Area(AFTA)and Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement(TPP)which remove the tax barriers for Vietnam textiles and garments,create conditions for these commodities to penetrate the broadermarket, integrate into the world economy, and contribute significantly to the import-export turnover and average income of Tan Chau.

    2 領美亞絲綢的發(fā)展線

    2 Timeline of Lanh My A silk

    2.1 領美亞絲綢的制造

    2.1 Manufacture of Lanh My A silk

    From 1930 to 1937,with the support from Vietnam Silk Institute built and operated by French army in Tan Chau, An Giang Province, Lanh My A silk was created by Tan Chau silk farmers as the outstanding and expensive product line.

    Primarymanufacturematerial of Lanh My A silk is fila-ment of the Bao Loc Plateau(Lam Dong Province).Each meter of silk consists of 12.550 warp threads,weaved by themethod ofweaving satin silk,and put into the machine, large tubes, and looms.According to the requirements of the Vietnam Silk Institute in Tan Chau,silkwormswere selected for propagation and technology dissemination to regional farmers for the sake of high yield and quality.At the same time,the Government also exempted land for planting areas and provided supportive policies.Originally,farmers cultivated the yellow pods, but later on, with the advancement of technology,they switched to white-grained silkworms and hybrid pairs.These silkworms produced cocoon with higher yield and quality.However,silkworm raising was very hard especially at feeding step.

    Cocoon treatment step is followed by incubation stage.Previously,traditional weaving technology was applied:putting cocoon into boiling water,then pulling the silk thread and attaching to the spinning wheel;stirring the chopsticks simultaneously,curling the silk threads...Later,the French experts from Vietnam Silk Institute instructed farmers to improve silkworm incubation technology bymechanism to enhance productivity and quality.The coarse silk was then removed from the bundles to form a large thread,and then they were weaved into fabric sheets(Fig.1)[3].

    Lanh My A is a kind of hand weaving silkmadewith very unique formulas.Advantages of Lanh My A silk include:glossy black colour that never fades under any washing condition; fabric notwrinkled; no need of ironing before using; its inability to stretch and not absorb moisture,suitable for variable climate condition in Asia.

    However,the shortcoming of Lanh My A silk is 100%hand-weaving, time-consuming, and use of natural herbal dyeing materials,so it is impossible to produce with high quantity at the same time,which makes the price very high.

    2.2 柿子提取物的染色技術2.2 Dyeing technology from persimmon extract

    Characteristics of persimmon:medium hardness;diameter 30 -40 cm; white or gray boughs; sprouting leaves;oval shape;5-8 cm×3-3.5 cm;no feather.Colour of fruit:green; smooth, spherical,1 - 2 cm in diameter.Biology and ecology:flower blooming season in January, September to April(next year); productivity:100-500 kg fruit/tree/year.Leaves and fruits contain polyquinone which is used to dye black silk and nylon;beautiful and durable color;Fruit and seeds are also used in traditionalmedicine in Cambodia and Vietnam for hookworm and tapeworm(Fig.2)[4].

    圖2 領美亞絲綢的染色水果Fig.2 Persimmon fruit(Vietnamese:mǎc n'a)

    After been harvested,persimmon fruits are classified to collect fruit sap.Farmers use stonemortar or grinder to crush this fruit which is then mixed with water to form very nice yellow extract that turns black when exposed to air and heat.The extract is applied in dyeing process of Lanh My A silk(Tab.1).

    Dyeing process is followed by silk drying stage on drying yards or grass fields with 20 meters in length.Fabrics are dipped in persimmon extract and then dried in natu-ral sunlight.They can be dyed for several times each day and then dried.The blackness of extract oil is permeated into the silk.This work is repeated for 40-45 days under the condition of normal weather.Meanwhile, every 5 -7 days, farmers knit the fabric to create the gloss for silk bymechanical force.

    表1 領美亞絲綢的染色過程Tab.1 Dyeing process of Lanh My A silk

    2.3 領美亞絲綢的消失2.3 Disappearance of Lanh My A silk

    From 1975,farmers in Tan Chau stopped importing persimmon from Cambodia and started to plant it by seeds in hometown.With good capital and the great passion for Lanh My A silk and ambition to share experiences with local farmers,Mr.Tam Lang setup the largest textile workshop in Tan Chau(Fig.3).He was also the last artistwho tried tomaintain Lanh My A silk in Vietnam.However, due to consequences of the war, with the demands of variable styles of textile products and affordable price for every class of consumers,polyester and nylon fiber gradually dominated domestic market,which led to hard competitions for Lanh My A Silk with high requirement of design and purchase.Due to labour effort for economy and society recovery after the war,satin silk like Lanh My A became a luxurious product line that could not be popular in the general market.90%of farmers in Tan Chau pursued other agricultural professions to make living.Textile workshops were closed.Mulberry yards were cut to expand planting lands for fruits and cereals.Some of the last textile firms produced the nilon fabric for themarket instead of traditional Lanh My A silk.Like the captain of a cruise who would never leave the shipwreck even when all the passengers and crew had left, until1996, Mr.Tam Lang still continued tomaintain the textile profession,although he had to accept to close the very lastworkshop in 1984.

    圖3 Tam Lang-領美亞絲綢的最后的藝術家Fig.3 Tam Lang-The last artist of Lanh My A silk

    3 領美亞絲綢的復興

    3 Revival of Lanh My A silk

    In 1990,Rose Morant-French fashion designer came to Tan Chau tomake research about potential textilematerials.At that time,nearly 1 000 weaving looms in the sericulture zone were applied for nilon fiber textiles.Rose Morantwith the passion for Vietnam silk,created a private project with Tam Lang to revive and preserve Lanh My A silk with higher quality than ever before.Tam Langmade efforts formanufacture,while Rose Mo-rant ensured the output.

    Rose Morant had strict requirements for silk quality.In the first year, during all stages including weaving,dyeing and finishing,only 5 errors are allowed for every 20 m silk.According to this request,Tam Lang had to change the material land to Bao Loc,Lam Dong Province,thanks to the appropriate climate for raising silkworms originating from Fuji Mountain of Japan.Each good silkworm could produce 700 m white cocoon.High-quality cocoon must be used to make the smooth surface of Lanh My A.At the textile workshop of Tam Lang, each cocoon was spun by professional workers,and weft yarn was folded from 8 silkworms,and twisted yarn from 10 silkworms.During the weaving stage,artistsmust always keep an eye on themachine in order to remove the cocoon in case of error and avoid wrinkled yarn for everymilimet,then put the silk into boiled water to remove silkworm sap and started the dyeing stage(Fig.4).

    圖4 領美亞絲綢的新染色工藝Fig.4 Dyeing process of Lanh My A silk

    Rose Morant also had very hard requirements for dyeing process because this is the primary factor affecting directly the beauty of Lanh My A silk.Every 100 kg persimmon fruits provided extract oil to dye 20 m silk.

    Totalmanufacture time of Lanh My A silk is 4 months,and meanwhile the dyeing process is themost important stage.

    In 1991,textile workshop of Tam Lang produced the first500 m Lanh My A silk under the instruction and control of Rose Morant and French textile experts,but the quality of fabric was still not appreciated for tailor products.In 1992,1000 m Lanh My A silk was produced,and the quality reached 70% of requirements.From 1995,aftermany years of labour training forworkers and artists,the perfect Lanh My A silk was created successfully,due to the analysis of Rose Morant.Itwas suitable for high-class textile and tailor products for French market[5].

    4 領美亞絲綢在休閑紡織品上的應用

    4 Application of Lanh My A silk in casual textiles

    In the 20thcentury,Lanh My A silk was applied for only the pants of traditional dress in Vietnam(Fig.5).This was considered as ‘luxurious’ item for high-class women because of high price and hard washing condition.The pants made of Lanh My A silk created the beauty of fashion for women in Southern Vietnam in 1960s.

    圖5 領美亞古代衣服Fig.5 Ancient clothes of Vietnam made of Lanh My A silk

    In modern fashion,Lanh My A silk is also an idealmaterial.In the 20thcentury,women in Southern Vietnam used to wear the farming clothes named ‘ao ba ba’ to work hard in the wheal fields(Fig.6).This image has become powerful inspiration for professional designers and theme formodern fashion collections.Based on the free-shape style of ‘ao ba ba’ with raglan sleeves,round neckline, two split lappets and two front pockets,casual items such as dresses, pants, skirts and dresses can be formed.Accordingly,90%of the textile materials are Lanh My A silk which is handmade completely.The remaining 10% of textile materials belong to other materials due to tailoring techniques.

    圖6 領美亞絲綢的現代時尚Fig.6 Vietnam fashion from Lanh My A silk

    Besides the traditional glossy black colour,casual items made of Lanh My A Silk can bemixed with othermaterials such as pearl, purl, embroidery patterns and gemstone to make the clothes become younger and more flexible.

    According to demands of market in fashion design,glossy black colour of Lanh My A silk is sometimes difficult to apply for young customers.Therefore,dyeing process from natural herbalmaterials is able to be applied for dyeing stage of Lanh My A silk.Dyeing extract oil from green tea, coffee bean, mangosteen, gac fruit…is ideal for Lanh My A silk.

    5 結 語5 Conclusion

    This article summarizes the history of Vietnam silk industry,and then provides the detailed knowledge of the development through decades of Lanh My A silk,its manufacture technology and its revival after recession period.Dyeing technology and persimmon extract are analyzed in order to conclude the special characteristics of Lanh My A silk.Moreover,this article suggests some application ways of Lanh My A silk fabric for casual products tomake it become a popularmaterial of textile and garment industry.

    In the upcoming journals,the research looks forward to collectingmore detailed technology information about Lanh My A silk fabric and focusing design on thismaterial.

    Reference:

    [1]LE T H.Vietnam Textiles History[M].Ha Noi:Fine Art Publishing House,2017:11.

    [2]LE M T.An Giang Handicraft and Industry[M].An Giang Province:An Giang Newspapers Publishing House,2003:31-32.

    [3]NGUYEN V K.Tan Chau 1870-1964[M].Ho Chi Minh City:Vietnam Youth Publishing House,1966:26.

    [4]Botany Research and Development Group of Vietnam.Vietnam Industrial Plants[M].Ho Chi Minh City:Botany Research and Development Group of Vietnam,2014:50.

    [5]NGUYEN Q H.The Last Artist of Lanh My A[M].Ho Chi Minh City:Vietnam Youth Publishing House,2016:2.

    猜你喜歡
    美亞理工大學絲綢
    Fringe visibility and correlation in Mach–Zehnder interferometer with an asymmetric beam splitter
    昆明理工大學
    絲綢路上·之三
    紅豆(2022年3期)2022-06-28 07:03:50
    美亞生物科技
    昆明理工大學
    昆明理工大學
    浙江理工大學
    遙望“絲綢路”
    人大建設(2018年9期)2018-11-13 01:10:06
    路上絲綢
    風采童裝(2018年1期)2018-04-12 02:05:06
    美亞的愛與哀愁
    37°女人(2017年1期)2017-01-14 20:51:57
    一级毛片精品| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| 99精品欧美一区二区三区四区| 欧美在线一区亚洲| 久久草成人影院| 午夜日韩欧美国产| 精品人妻1区二区| 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 国产欧美日韩一区二区精品| 黄色怎么调成土黄色| 激情在线观看视频在线高清 | 亚洲熟女精品中文字幕| 91大片在线观看| 亚洲va日本ⅴa欧美va伊人久久| 91字幕亚洲| 久久久久精品人妻al黑| 麻豆国产av国片精品| 搡老乐熟女国产| 激情在线观看视频在线高清 | 亚洲欧洲精品一区二区精品久久久| 一本综合久久免费| 国产又爽黄色视频| 免费人成视频x8x8入口观看| 夫妻午夜视频| 午夜激情av网站| 日韩成人在线观看一区二区三区| 99精国产麻豆久久婷婷| 亚洲成a人片在线一区二区| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 久久香蕉精品热| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 五月开心婷婷网| 一区在线观看完整版| 91大片在线观看| 女同久久另类99精品国产91| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合妖精| 麻豆av在线久日| 亚洲avbb在线观看| 手机成人av网站| 巨乳人妻的诱惑在线观看| 日韩欧美免费精品| 高清av免费在线| 欧美人与性动交α欧美软件| 国产精品98久久久久久宅男小说| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 在线观看免费视频日本深夜| 激情在线观看视频在线高清 | 亚洲国产欧美一区二区综合| 欧美精品一区二区免费开放| 精品无人区乱码1区二区| 校园春色视频在线观看| 国产精品一区二区免费欧美| 美女福利国产在线| 欧美不卡视频在线免费观看 | 精品午夜福利视频在线观看一区| 女性被躁到高潮视频| 欧美av亚洲av综合av国产av| 亚洲av第一区精品v没综合| 女人被狂操c到高潮| 一本综合久久免费| 久久精品国产亚洲av高清一级| 成人国语在线视频| 久久精品亚洲精品国产色婷小说| 日韩欧美一区视频在线观看| 人成视频在线观看免费观看| 日韩欧美在线二视频 | 麻豆国产av国片精品| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 91字幕亚洲| 90打野战视频偷拍视频| 少妇的丰满在线观看| 国产免费男女视频| 天天影视国产精品| 最近最新免费中文字幕在线| 免费av中文字幕在线| 一二三四在线观看免费中文在| av视频免费观看在线观看| 夜夜爽天天搞| 精品第一国产精品| 国产一区二区三区视频了| 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出 | 亚洲avbb在线观看| 久久久久久免费高清国产稀缺| 在线永久观看黄色视频| 黄片大片在线免费观看| 丁香六月欧美| 亚洲精品在线观看二区| 99国产精品一区二区蜜桃av | 捣出白浆h1v1| 操美女的视频在线观看| 老熟妇乱子伦视频在线观看| 午夜福利,免费看| 国产av又大| 啦啦啦视频在线资源免费观看| 三上悠亚av全集在线观看| 国产一卡二卡三卡精品| 成人黄色视频免费在线看| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 日韩免费av在线播放| 露出奶头的视频| 很黄的视频免费| 天天躁日日躁夜夜躁夜夜| 色在线成人网| 一级,二级,三级黄色视频| 亚洲精品国产色婷婷电影| 中文亚洲av片在线观看爽 | 精品久久久精品久久久| 日韩 欧美 亚洲 中文字幕| 久久亚洲真实| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 亚洲欧美色中文字幕在线| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级| 亚洲中文字幕日韩| 国产精品九九99| 美女 人体艺术 gogo| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区久久| 天天影视国产精品| 欧美乱妇无乱码| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| 人成视频在线观看免费观看| 免费观看精品视频网站| 涩涩av久久男人的天堂| 国产精品 国内视频| 欧美精品av麻豆av| 中文字幕制服av| 亚洲性夜色夜夜综合| 国产精品亚洲av一区麻豆| 成年人午夜在线观看视频| 日韩欧美一区视频在线观看| 国产精品美女特级片免费视频播放器 | 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 视频区图区小说| 91九色精品人成在线观看| 亚洲第一av免费看| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 免费一级毛片在线播放高清视频 | 超碰97精品在线观看| 岛国毛片在线播放| 校园春色视频在线观看| 国产欧美日韩一区二区三区在线| 日本a在线网址| √禁漫天堂资源中文www| 久久久精品区二区三区| 叶爱在线成人免费视频播放| 成人18禁在线播放| 国产精品影院久久| 这个男人来自地球电影免费观看| netflix在线观看网站| 亚洲国产看品久久| 欧美日韩一级在线毛片| 又黄又粗又硬又大视频| 精品乱码久久久久久99久播| 亚洲成国产人片在线观看| 9热在线视频观看99| 一本一本久久a久久精品综合妖精| 人人妻人人澡人人看| 国产在视频线精品| 99精品欧美一区二区三区四区| 精品一区二区三区四区五区乱码| 国产精品1区2区在线观看. | 高潮久久久久久久久久久不卡| 美女视频免费永久观看网站| 亚洲av熟女| 国产高清videossex| 成人特级黄色片久久久久久久| 国产三级黄色录像| 多毛熟女@视频| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 视频区欧美日本亚洲| 香蕉国产在线看| 久久久久国产一级毛片高清牌| 美女福利国产在线| 亚洲 国产 在线| 亚洲精品国产精品久久久不卡| 91国产中文字幕| 电影成人av| 成熟少妇高潮喷水视频| 老熟妇仑乱视频hdxx| 国产有黄有色有爽视频| 丰满迷人的少妇在线观看| 男人舔女人的私密视频| 国产黄色免费在线视频| 成人永久免费在线观看视频| 在线免费观看的www视频| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| 国产精品乱码一区二三区的特点 | videos熟女内射| 电影成人av| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添小说| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| 国产成人影院久久av| 一区二区三区国产精品乱码| 欧美激情 高清一区二区三区| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 美女国产高潮福利片在线看| 日韩熟女老妇一区二区性免费视频| 91麻豆av在线| 久久久久久久国产电影| av网站免费在线观看视频| 亚洲欧美日韩高清在线视频| 80岁老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 成人国语在线视频| 精品电影一区二区在线| 中国美女看黄片| 色播在线永久视频| 亚洲视频免费观看视频| 国产成人av教育| 777久久人妻少妇嫩草av网站| 在线天堂中文资源库| 91麻豆av在线| 99国产极品粉嫩在线观看| 国产精品久久视频播放| 久久 成人 亚洲| 熟女少妇亚洲综合色aaa.| 日韩中文字幕欧美一区二区| 高清黄色对白视频在线免费看| 免费观看精品视频网站| 精品国产美女av久久久久小说| 99久久国产精品久久久| 亚洲欧美激情在线| 精品国产一区二区三区久久久樱花| av天堂久久9| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 在线观看日韩欧美| 97人妻天天添夜夜摸| 国产免费现黄频在线看| 国产高清国产精品国产三级| 女人高潮潮喷娇喘18禁视频| 欧美成狂野欧美在线观看| 亚洲va日本ⅴa欧美va伊人久久| 天堂√8在线中文| 777米奇影视久久| 亚洲精品在线美女| 国产成人精品无人区| 黄片播放在线免费| 久久久精品免费免费高清| 国产国语露脸激情在线看| 手机成人av网站| 国产免费现黄频在线看| 我的亚洲天堂| av线在线观看网站| 久久香蕉激情| 一二三四在线观看免费中文在| 天天添夜夜摸| 夜夜躁狠狠躁天天躁| 国产在线观看jvid| 日韩一卡2卡3卡4卡2021年| 日韩中文字幕欧美一区二区| 日韩人妻精品一区2区三区| 亚洲午夜理论影院| 深夜精品福利| 欧美国产精品一级二级三级| videos熟女内射| tocl精华| 欧美国产精品va在线观看不卡| 91精品三级在线观看| 国产单亲对白刺激| 久久久久久久国产电影| 后天国语完整版免费观看| 免费日韩欧美在线观看| 国产一区二区激情短视频| 欧美精品av麻豆av| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕| 人妻久久中文字幕网| 欧美 日韩 精品 国产| 中文字幕人妻丝袜制服| av国产精品久久久久影院| 一区二区日韩欧美中文字幕| 亚洲成国产人片在线观看| 女人被躁到高潮嗷嗷叫费观| a在线观看视频网站| 侵犯人妻中文字幕一二三四区| 成人av一区二区三区在线看| 一夜夜www| 人妻丰满熟妇av一区二区三区 | 日韩视频一区二区在线观看| 久久 成人 亚洲| 国产在线观看jvid| 十分钟在线观看高清视频www| 午夜激情av网站| 精品久久久久久久毛片微露脸| 国产精品久久电影中文字幕 | 欧美亚洲 丝袜 人妻 在线| 王馨瑶露胸无遮挡在线观看| 亚洲av成人av| 正在播放国产对白刺激| 日本欧美视频一区| 日韩有码中文字幕| 成人特级黄色片久久久久久久| 国产亚洲精品久久久久5区| xxxhd国产人妻xxx| 天堂动漫精品| 制服人妻中文乱码| 他把我摸到了高潮在线观看| 久久精品国产99精品国产亚洲性色 | 日韩熟女老妇一区二区性免费视频| av网站在线播放免费| 国产深夜福利视频在线观看| 欧美精品一区二区免费开放| 又黄又爽又免费观看的视频| 欧美日韩亚洲综合一区二区三区_| xxx96com| a级片在线免费高清观看视频| 欧美黄色淫秽网站| 少妇 在线观看| 美女高潮到喷水免费观看| 两个人看的免费小视频| 久久狼人影院| 国产精品亚洲av一区麻豆| 大型黄色视频在线免费观看| 在线观看日韩欧美| 女人被躁到高潮嗷嗷叫费观| 一区在线观看完整版| 国产精品99久久99久久久不卡| 天天添夜夜摸| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 国产欧美日韩一区二区三| 校园春色视频在线观看| 国产又色又爽无遮挡免费看| 色综合欧美亚洲国产小说| 亚洲av成人不卡在线观看播放网| 午夜精品久久久久久毛片777| 亚洲一区二区三区不卡视频| 精品国产一区二区三区四区第35| 欧美精品人与动牲交sv欧美| 久久久国产成人免费| 精品熟女少妇八av免费久了| 中文字幕高清在线视频| 精品福利观看| 91麻豆精品激情在线观看国产 | 制服诱惑二区| 天天躁日日躁夜夜躁夜夜| 国产免费av片在线观看野外av| 成人黄色视频免费在线看| 热re99久久国产66热| 丁香欧美五月| 大香蕉久久成人网| 男男h啪啪无遮挡| 精品亚洲成国产av| 亚洲国产精品一区二区三区在线| 欧美中文综合在线视频| 悠悠久久av| a在线观看视频网站| 黄色成人免费大全| 一级,二级,三级黄色视频| av不卡在线播放| 女性生殖器流出的白浆| 亚洲色图综合在线观看| 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出 | 国产精品国产高清国产av | 欧美激情久久久久久爽电影 | 丰满的人妻完整版| 高清在线国产一区| 国产精品免费一区二区三区在线 | 午夜免费成人在线视频| 性少妇av在线| 日韩成人在线观看一区二区三区| 国产97色在线日韩免费| 亚洲欧美色中文字幕在线| 久久久久久亚洲精品国产蜜桃av| 亚洲av成人不卡在线观看播放网| 视频区图区小说| 身体一侧抽搐| 久99久视频精品免费| 欧美 日韩 精品 国产| 亚洲五月婷婷丁香| 亚洲av成人一区二区三| 五月开心婷婷网| 我的亚洲天堂| 19禁男女啪啪无遮挡网站| 怎么达到女性高潮| 岛国毛片在线播放| 9191精品国产免费久久| 中文字幕人妻丝袜制服| 国产免费男女视频| 久久影院123| 国产一区有黄有色的免费视频| 免费在线观看亚洲国产| 村上凉子中文字幕在线| 久久这里只有精品19| 91字幕亚洲| 三级毛片av免费| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 亚洲精品国产区一区二| av福利片在线| 欧美日韩黄片免| 欧美乱妇无乱码| 老汉色∧v一级毛片| 亚洲熟女精品中文字幕| 悠悠久久av| 99热国产这里只有精品6| 婷婷成人精品国产| 日本一区二区免费在线视频| 午夜免费成人在线视频| 性少妇av在线| 波多野结衣av一区二区av| 久久草成人影院| 国产又爽黄色视频| 男女高潮啪啪啪动态图| 深夜精品福利| 99国产精品99久久久久| 黄色视频,在线免费观看| 亚洲午夜理论影院| 亚洲七黄色美女视频| 久久久久国产精品人妻aⅴ院 | 中文亚洲av片在线观看爽 | 不卡一级毛片| 视频区图区小说| 999久久久国产精品视频| 美女 人体艺术 gogo| 国产日韩欧美亚洲二区| 国产单亲对白刺激| 久热这里只有精品99| 欧美中文综合在线视频| 免费在线观看完整版高清| 人妻丰满熟妇av一区二区三区 | svipshipincom国产片| 国产蜜桃级精品一区二区三区 | 19禁男女啪啪无遮挡网站| 一区二区三区国产精品乱码| 少妇裸体淫交视频免费看高清 | 不卡av一区二区三区| 亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区在线播放 | 十八禁高潮呻吟视频| 欧美黄色淫秽网站| 国产主播在线观看一区二区| 黑人欧美特级aaaaaa片| 亚洲av日韩精品久久久久久密| 国产成人免费无遮挡视频| 国产精品.久久久| 亚洲午夜理论影院| 18禁美女被吸乳视频| 国产乱人伦免费视频| 高清毛片免费观看视频网站 | 精品国产亚洲在线| 无人区码免费观看不卡| 国产又爽黄色视频| 制服人妻中文乱码| 国产亚洲欧美在线一区二区| 一本大道久久a久久精品| 51午夜福利影视在线观看| 国产精品一区二区精品视频观看| 十八禁人妻一区二区| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 麻豆av在线久日| 超碰97精品在线观看| 视频区图区小说| 老熟女久久久| 国产成人欧美在线观看 | 在线免费观看的www视频| 国产99久久九九免费精品| 国产精品国产高清国产av | 女性被躁到高潮视频| 亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区在线播放 | 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 可以免费在线观看a视频的电影网站| 搡老岳熟女国产| 黑人猛操日本美女一级片| 国产蜜桃级精品一区二区三区 | 色94色欧美一区二区| 91在线观看av| 老鸭窝网址在线观看| 热re99久久精品国产66热6| 麻豆国产av国片精品| 99国产极品粉嫩在线观看| 老司机福利观看| 少妇被粗大的猛进出69影院| 国产精品电影一区二区三区 | 757午夜福利合集在线观看| 这个男人来自地球电影免费观看| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频| 日本撒尿小便嘘嘘汇集6| 精品久久久久久,| e午夜精品久久久久久久| 成人国产一区最新在线观看| 国产精华一区二区三区| 9热在线视频观看99| 久久久久精品人妻al黑| 亚洲精品国产色婷婷电影| 日韩欧美三级三区| 丝袜美足系列| 久久久久久久久久久久大奶| 动漫黄色视频在线观看| 极品人妻少妇av视频| 亚洲国产精品sss在线观看 | 欧美精品av麻豆av| 欧美日韩中文字幕国产精品一区二区三区 | 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出 | 每晚都被弄得嗷嗷叫到高潮| 两人在一起打扑克的视频| 久久精品国产亚洲av香蕉五月 | 日韩三级视频一区二区三区| 久久精品亚洲精品国产色婷小说| 母亲3免费完整高清在线观看| 国产精品免费视频内射| 亚洲一卡2卡3卡4卡5卡精品中文| 亚洲少妇的诱惑av| 伦理电影免费视频| 日韩三级视频一区二区三区| 热99国产精品久久久久久7| 亚洲黑人精品在线| 激情视频va一区二区三区| 午夜老司机福利片| 亚洲片人在线观看| 免费观看精品视频网站| 51午夜福利影视在线观看| 久久香蕉精品热| 精品一区二区三区四区五区乱码| 欧美在线黄色| 怎么达到女性高潮| 免费女性裸体啪啪无遮挡网站| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 久久久国产成人免费| 国产成人系列免费观看| 国产在线精品亚洲第一网站| 老司机影院毛片| 欧美日韩精品网址| 日本一区二区免费在线视频| 成年动漫av网址| 亚洲 欧美一区二区三区| 免费观看人在逋| 国产亚洲av高清不卡| 国产精品秋霞免费鲁丝片| 欧美av亚洲av综合av国产av| 在线播放国产精品三级| 一个人免费在线观看的高清视频| 国产精品乱码一区二三区的特点 | 欧美日韩亚洲综合一区二区三区_| 激情在线观看视频在线高清 | 乱人伦中国视频| 大码成人一级视频| 黄片小视频在线播放| 757午夜福利合集在线观看| 久久性视频一级片| av中文乱码字幕在线| 国产高清国产精品国产三级| 女人久久www免费人成看片| 欧美性长视频在线观看| 久久九九热精品免费| 韩国精品一区二区三区| 国产片内射在线| 国产成人精品在线电影| 黑人巨大精品欧美一区二区mp4| 国产熟女午夜一区二区三区| 亚洲国产精品sss在线观看 | 夫妻午夜视频| 欧美激情极品国产一区二区三区| 欧美性长视频在线观看| 波多野结衣一区麻豆| 国产一区在线观看成人免费| 窝窝影院91人妻| 亚洲av欧美aⅴ国产| 老司机靠b影院| 成年女人毛片免费观看观看9 | 久久久国产成人精品二区 | 国产伦人伦偷精品视频| 亚洲精品国产区一区二| 老司机福利观看| 欧美激情极品国产一区二区三区| 免费日韩欧美在线观看| 中文字幕人妻熟女乱码| 久久国产精品男人的天堂亚洲| 国产在线精品亚洲第一网站| 性色av乱码一区二区三区2| 精品国产超薄肉色丝袜足j| 久久久久视频综合| 国产精品国产av在线观看| 国产精品电影一区二区三区 | 国产亚洲一区二区精品| 老司机午夜福利在线观看视频| 18禁国产床啪视频网站| 又黄又粗又硬又大视频| 久9热在线精品视频| 在线观看免费视频网站a站| 国产激情欧美一区二区| 亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区在线播放 | 国产精品香港三级国产av潘金莲| 一级毛片女人18水好多| av网站免费在线观看视频| 国产欧美日韩一区二区三区在线| 大片电影免费在线观看免费| 亚洲精品美女久久av网站| 午夜激情av网站| 99久久精品国产亚洲精品| 高清视频免费观看一区二区| 欧美乱色亚洲激情| 国产色视频综合| 欧美在线黄色| 中文字幕高清在线视频| 黄片大片在线免费观看| 国产xxxxx性猛交| 日日爽夜夜爽网站| 天天操日日干夜夜撸| 三上悠亚av全集在线观看| 在线播放国产精品三级| 日韩欧美免费精品| 国产高清视频在线播放一区| 丰满人妻熟妇乱又伦精品不卡| 人人妻人人澡人人爽人人夜夜| 亚洲精品一卡2卡三卡4卡5卡| 桃红色精品国产亚洲av| 欧美在线黄色| 亚洲成人手机| 中亚洲国语对白在线视频| videos熟女内射| av国产精品久久久久影院| cao死你这个sao货| 午夜免费成人在线视频| 精品少妇久久久久久888优播| 国产伦人伦偷精品视频| 男人舔女人的私密视频| 国产人伦9x9x在线观看|