浙商精神的時(shí)代記憶

栗子?盧山

《雞毛飛上天》真實(shí)地表現(xiàn)了幾代人創(chuàng)業(yè)中的酸甜苦辣以及對(duì)未來(lái)美好生活的向往，令人耳目一新。該劇題材新穎、視角獨(dú)特，用浙商崛起的故事，反映出改革開放之初，發(fā)生在年輕人身上的問(wèn)題與困惑，展現(xiàn)了中華商業(yè)傳奇和中國(guó)商人勇于開拓、善于創(chuàng)新、誠(chéng)實(shí)守信的實(shí)干精神。

一部立足本地反映浙商精神的正能量劇

“雞毛換糖”，一個(gè)上年歲的人聽(tīng)來(lái)無(wú)比熟悉，多數(shù)年輕一代又十分陌生的詞語(yǔ)，它包含了幾百年來(lái)浙江義烏百姓在時(shí)代大潮中奔走謀生的艱辛歷程，也承載著一代代浙商于卑微中白手起家的創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。2017年3月3日起每天在浙江衛(wèi)視中國(guó)藍(lán)劇場(chǎng)播放的這部現(xiàn)實(shí)題材電視劇《雞毛飛上天》，重拾了“雞毛換糖”這個(gè)寫滿了時(shí)代記憶的詞語(yǔ)，并通過(guò)講述義烏商人陳江河的傳奇經(jīng)歷，將一個(gè)塵封的詞語(yǔ)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)業(yè)的時(shí)代精神“接軌”，更將眼光放在了世界范圍內(nèi)。

該劇以感情和創(chuàng)業(yè)故事為線索，講述了浙江義烏改革發(fā)展30多年曲折而又輝煌的歷程，展現(xiàn)了浙商崇尚信義、堅(jiān)韌不拔、剛正勇為的精神品格和敢為人先、薄利多銷的商業(yè)智慧；將社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀藝術(shù)性地融入電視劇創(chuàng)作之中，呈現(xiàn)浙商發(fā)展30年來(lái)的滄桑巨變，謳歌改革開放和新時(shí)期的“浙江奇跡”。

《雞毛飛上天》這部立足浙江本地的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義題材劇，在扎根生活、貼近百姓的同時(shí)，同樣展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)人自強(qiáng)不息的奮斗史和積極向上、堅(jiān)定前行的精神品質(zhì)。作為中宣部重點(diǎn)扶持影視劇項(xiàng)目中唯一一部當(dāng)代現(xiàn)實(shí)題材劇，《雞毛飛上天》是繼《向東是大?！贰稖刂菀患胰恕分笳闵填}材的又一部力作。

《雞毛飛上天》的故事起源于上世紀(jì)70年代末大名鼎鼎的“雞毛換糖”的故事，即浙江省義烏地區(qū)的小商販用紅糖、草紙等低廉物品換取居民家中的雞毛獲取微利，并逐漸首創(chuàng)中國(guó)第一代小商品市場(chǎng)的浙江傳奇。

該劇制片人吳家平曾提到，“這部劇深入展現(xiàn)浙商乃至中國(guó)商人親身體驗(yàn)過(guò)的坎坷悲壯又亮麗輝煌的改革發(fā)展之路，是中國(guó)商業(yè)帝國(guó)的白皮書，也是中國(guó)商人生動(dòng)的教科書。小人物的夢(mèng)想，其實(shí)就是中國(guó)夢(mèng)?！边@是一部正能量爆棚的商業(yè)劇，這里有上世紀(jì)浙商創(chuàng)業(yè)的艱辛奮斗史，也有洋溢著懷舊味道和年代質(zhì)感的火熱青春，更有當(dāng)代年輕人喜聞樂(lè)見(jiàn)的創(chuàng)業(yè)“心經(jīng)”。

該劇不僅在題材上抓住了我國(guó)計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的重要?dú)v史節(jié)點(diǎn)，而且在深挖改革開放30年經(jīng)濟(jì)創(chuàng)新的同時(shí)，還對(duì)當(dāng)下如火如荼的電商浪潮、“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”等全新商業(yè)模式同樣有所探討，發(fā)揚(yáng)了新時(shí)期“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新”背景下，新絲路上浙江人傲立潮頭、急流勇進(jìn)的精神風(fēng)骨。該劇的立意可謂從歷史中來(lái)，兼具現(xiàn)實(shí)思考。

復(fù)制歷史固然不易，更難的是追趕當(dāng)下。一個(gè)時(shí)代必然有一個(gè)時(shí)代的聲音，一個(gè)群體也必然有為其代言的藝術(shù)形式。從這個(gè)邏輯角度來(lái)看，《雞毛飛上天》與其所恰當(dāng)折射出的義烏商人、浙江商人乃至中國(guó)商人的精神，正是一個(gè)群體與為其代言的藝術(shù)形式之間關(guān)系的典型案例。

一部生動(dòng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的創(chuàng)業(yè)啟示錄

《雞毛飛上天》的主人公陳江河是出身貧寒的農(nóng)村養(yǎng)子，少年時(shí)代就因守舊政策無(wú)奈背井離鄉(xiāng)，流落在外的他迫于生計(jì)，和碰巧結(jié)識(shí)的一生愛(ài)侶駱玉珠一同做起了“雞毛換糖”賺取微利的營(yíng)生，其后陳江河一生遭遇養(yǎng)父責(zé)難、勞燕分飛、家庭變故、事業(yè)受挫等無(wú)數(shù)沉浮，卻始終直面人生苦難，不改初心、不忘摯愛(ài)，靠著一步步的辛勤奮斗與誠(chéng)信經(jīng)營(yíng)，最終成為了走向世界的絲襪大亨。

眾所周知，比起虛構(gòu)創(chuàng)作，優(yōu)秀的現(xiàn)實(shí)題材劇更容易引發(fā)觀眾的情感共鳴和心理認(rèn)同，當(dāng)片中角色的身份故事與觀眾的生活體驗(yàn)高度相似時(shí)，觀眾對(duì)于角色的每一個(gè)決策和心理活動(dòng)都感同身受。陳江河充滿艱辛的謀生經(jīng)歷和跌宕起伏的情感體驗(yàn)，都是多數(shù)觀眾曾經(jīng)或正在面對(duì)的人生困境，比起諸多魔幻奇幻題材中的一步登天，充滿真實(shí)韻味的小人物逆襲故事，顯然更能引發(fā)觀眾的代入感，取得更好的勵(lì)志效果。

陳江河豐富多彩的傳奇經(jīng)歷的書寫載體，并非無(wú)從考據(jù)的虛構(gòu)場(chǎng)景，而是中國(guó)改革開放至今的波瀾壯闊的時(shí)代長(zhǎng)卷，劇中不僅能夠看到身世坎坷的陳江河、駱玉珠如何相濡以沫、奮斗創(chuàng)辦國(guó)際企業(yè)，更能從中讀到大時(shí)代的奔涌巨變——從人們將“雞毛換糖”視為投機(jī)倒把，到義烏成為全國(guó)零售商品的最大集散地，人們對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的認(rèn)知，在短短幾十年間產(chǎn)生了巨大的飛躍；從承包經(jīng)營(yíng)不善的國(guó)營(yíng)襪廠思謀引進(jìn)新的技術(shù)，到傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代尋求轉(zhuǎn)型，甚至拓展西班牙、迪拜等海外市場(chǎng)，勤勉機(jī)智的浙江商人，從未停止創(chuàng)新進(jìn)取的腳步。

劇中，無(wú)論陳江河與駱玉珠的不離不棄，還是陳江河與摯友邱英杰的惺惺相惜相互砥礪，抑或陳江河父子兵攜手出征、兩代人直面困境，這一段段“情”的刻畫，是《雞毛飛上天》這部劇的一大看點(diǎn)。

“商人在本質(zhì)上是一群需要通過(guò)協(xié)作和信任增加財(cái)富的人”，浙商精神將這一本質(zhì)發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，強(qiáng)調(diào)“不要單打獨(dú)斗，要抱團(tuán)取暖”，陳江河廣結(jié)善緣，得道多助，不經(jīng)意的一些善舉也能為日后創(chuàng)造巨大的價(jià)值。無(wú)論競(jìng)爭(zhēng)多激烈，他始終不改初心，不走旁門左道；無(wú)論遇到多少艱難險(xiǎn)阻，他也滿懷理想和希望，這是《雞毛飛上天》向我們傳遞的又一種創(chuàng)業(yè)正能量：有信念便能絕處逢生，有熱情便會(huì)勇攀高峰，有溫暖就可帶愛(ài)前行。

值得一提的是，《雞毛飛上天》有六成戲份就在浙江義烏當(dāng)?shù)厝【?，廿三里老街、舍口塘村、廿三里第一小學(xué)社團(tuán)活動(dòng)中心等場(chǎng)景悉數(shù)入境，其中廿三里作為義烏的工業(yè)重鎮(zhèn)，有各類工業(yè)企業(yè)2000多家，以襪業(yè)、織帶、化妝品、工藝品、塑料、玩具為主導(dǎo)行業(yè)，劇組追本溯源，保證了劇中提到諸多歷史事件，百分百實(shí)景還原。同時(shí)，劇組還走出國(guó)門，先后在捷克布拉格、克魯姆洛夫，奧地利哈爾施塔特和韓國(guó)拍攝，將義烏精神、浙商精神和中國(guó)精神傳播到海外，并匯入國(guó)家“一帶一路”建設(shè)的歷史洪流。

網(wǎng)友“VVera”評(píng)論這部劇是“良心好劇”，“看著劇哭了、笑了、情感代入了，感恩導(dǎo)演和這群真正把戲演到骨子里的演員！”“里面的情節(jié)很真，老一代的小商品市場(chǎng)都是我這輩小時(shí)候的記憶，而上世紀(jì)七八十年代那會(huì)兒，父輩確實(shí)也都是這么苦過(guò)來(lái)的?！薄傲x烏人為浙商為家鄉(xiāng)驕傲！”

的確，當(dāng)今天的義烏以“義新歐”班列的起點(diǎn)而成為“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略實(shí)施的一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)之時(shí)，以《雞毛飛上天》為代表的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義題材電視劇及其所書寫的浙商，也正昂首闊步，與中國(guó)商人一起，走向更加寬廣的天地。

（本文照片由作者提供）

Television Series Dramatizes Grassroots Entrepreneurship of Zhejiang

By Li Zi， Lu Shan

， a 2017 55-episode TV drama that recounts the sweets and bitters of the life of the earlier generations of Zhejiang entrepreneurs who eked out a living in Yiwu by collecting and selling chicken feather before the incipient years of Chinas open-up and reform， proved a bit hit of the year and a tear jerker. The pioneering spirit， integrity and daunting enterprise of the trailblazers on Zhejiangs entrepreneurial stage presented in the drama not only won the hearts of many but also provoked thoughts about what todays younger generations are probably missing in their pursuit of dreams.

The story of “Sugar for feather” of the forerunners of Yiwu businesspeople was one full of blood and tears， but may sound irrelevant to todays youngsters. Making its debut on March 3， 2017， the drama brought the viewers back into the ‘start-from-scratch days of the ‘feather dealers who laid the solid foundation for a small city in Zhejiang to grow into the worlds largest small commodity marketplace， and put the dust-laden phrase “feather for sugar” into a new， global entrepreneurial context. The unique entrepreneurial prosperity of Zhejiang， known as the ‘Zhejiang miracle， is celebrated by the drama that is full of positive energy and the flair of realism.

“The drama qualifies as the ‘white paper of the Chinese business empire and a ‘textbook about the ups and downs of Chinas businesspeople in the countrys stormy social and political period，” concluded Wu Jiaping， the producer of the TV drama.

The drama centers on the life story of Chen Jianghe， the adopted son of a poverty-stricken family. He uproots himself to make a living in a life of exile and meets an extraordinary woman of great courage. Whatever adversity that comes his way， the man sticks with what he believes and loves until he makes a legend of himself in the fierce competition of silk stockings industry.

Chen Jianghes story is the vignette of one of the most exciting periods in the epoch-making history of “Zhejiang entrepreneurs”， making the viewers who have similar life experiences resonate when the plot unfolds. Chens entrepreneurial courage and innovation is reflective of the diligence and business acumen of a whole generation of Zhejiang business warriors who broke the cocoon of long-time planned economic shackles， brought the local economy into the international market， and marched into an exciting Internet era.

Essentially， businessmen are a community built on cooperation and mutual trust， which is beautifully represented by the enterprise of Zhejiang entrepreneurs and the story of Chen Jianghe serves as a wonderful example of such spirituality. In this sense， we have good reason to say “faith， passion and a kind heart” are the three key messages the TV drama is trying to spread.

A lot of the production of the drama was completed in Yiwu – where the ‘feather legend originated and Chinas first seeds of small commodity economy were sown， particularly in the citys Niansanli industrial area that is now hosting more than 2，000 companies specializing in an array of light industrial fields such as socks and stockings， cosmetics and toys.

Many other scenes in the drama are set in foreign lands including Prague （Czech Republic）， Cesky Krumlov （South Bohemia）， Hallstatt （Austria） and ROK.

The great success of the drama is also brought by the extraordinary performances of the cast led by Ying Tao， Zhang Yi， and Tao Zeru. The romance and enduring love between Chen Jianghe and Luo Yuzhu and the lifetime friendship between Chen and Qiu YIngjie touches the hearts of the viewers and adds power to the dramas emotional undercurrent. For many， watching the struggle of Chen Jianghe and Luo Yuzhu feels like reliving their own entrepreneurial past.