屋頂花園：哥本哈根的亮麗風(fēng)景

⊙ By Helen Palmer

翻譯：Wendy

屋頂花園：哥本哈根的亮麗風(fēng)景

⊙ By Helen Palmer

翻譯：Wendy

Are More than Just Gardens in the Sky
Green Rooftops

屋頂綠化和屋頂花園被認(rèn)為是城市發(fā)展中最具可持續(xù)發(fā)展特色、最能適應(yīng)氣候變化的手段之一。國內(nèi)有不少城市開始建設(shè)屋頂花園，但基本上都是小打小鬧，不成氣候。而在被譽為世界“最適宜居住城市”的丹麥?zhǔn)锥几绫竟?，屋頂花園早已成為一種潮流。在世界地球日到來之際，讓我們一起去看看哥本哈根屋頂?shù)牧聋愶L(fēng)景吧。

The windy port of Copenhagen is truly the greenest of “green”cities.1)Beyondthe busy harbour and the statue of The Little Mermaid,2)massive3)windmillsin the ocean and Christianshavn4)spinin the5)briskwind. A brand new bike path loops and6)sweepsat 3rd floor level between banks and businesses to link the7)innerharbour through a series of parks and gardens on the rooftops to the railway station. After all, it’s a city where just about everybody rides bicycles.

Green roofs have been8)mandatoryon suitable new buildings in Copenhagen since 2010.

Dorthe R?m?(Planning Consultant):We are aware of [sic] that we willhave more9)intensiverains and more rain in general, and due to that, we know that green roofs and green area can absorb,10)infiltrate,11)evaporateand12)delaythe rain water.

Reporter:Now we’re standing here, actually, on one of your green roofs.

Dorthe:Yeah. We are pretty close to the inner harbour, and we are in the middle of a green botanical13)corridor. We are on the new Danish National14)Archive, and the unique [sic] about this is that it’s one15)amongstother green roofs that’s connected and accessible for the public to walk from one area in the city to another area in the city, and you can, in fact, also take a bicycle and cycle from one area to another area.

Reporter:So it’s basically like a system of parks, as it were, on top of roofs.

Dorthe:Exactly. And this green roof, which is one of my16)favourite[sic] here in Copenhagen, is, it’s an17)optionfor you to sit on benches surrounded with strawberry beds, which is designed to create silent gardens alongside the whole project.

The rooftop of the National Archives is about the size of a football field, but it looks for all the world like a18)meadow. It’s a system that’s been developed over years to work really well, and now the meadow and flower beds are19)thriving.

Dorthe:It create [sic] the opportunity to create habitats to support a bio-diversity, butterflies and bees and birds and20)invertebrateslike that, but also diversity of plants.

It’s peaceful walking on the roof. In one corner, there’s a group of office workers having a barbeque. Further along, the21)rampsthat lead down to street level are a22)magnetfor local skateboarders.

And there are these23)oasesof green, not only on houses, hotels and city buildings, but also on parking24)garagesand even on bicycle and storage28)sheds. Right at the harbour, the roof of a development of shops and cafés is covered with flower beds, benches and walkways, but no gutters because a three-footwide bed of26)sedumalong the edge takes up all the rain. And, in the end, maybe that’s the message: a green city with green roofs can27)bluntsome effects of global warming by28)soaking upexcess rain and sucking up excess carbon, and certainly by cheering up the people who live there and visit.CY

1) beyond [bI5j?nd] adv. 在較遠(yuǎn)處，越過

2) massive [5m?sIv] adj. 巨大的

3) windmill [5wIndmIl] n. 風(fēng)車

4) spin [spIn] v. 旋轉(zhuǎn)

5) brisk [brIsk] adj. 涼爽的，清新的

6) sweep [swi:p] v. 伸展，連綿

7) inner [5In?(r)] adj. 內(nèi)部的

8) mandatory [5m?nd?t?rI] adj. 強迫的，強制性的

9) intensive [In5tensIv] adj. 強烈的，增強的

10) infltrate [5InfIltreIt] v. 滲入，滲透

11) evaporate [I5v?p?reIt] v. 蒸發(fā)

12) delay [dI5leI] n. 推遲，延緩

13) corridor [5k?rId?:(r)] n. 走廊，回廊

14) archive [5α:kaIv] n. 檔案，檔案庫

15) amongst [?5m??st] prep. 在……中間，在……之中

16) favourite [5feIv?rIt] n. 特別喜愛的物或人

17) option [5?p∫(?)n] n. 選擇，可供選擇的事物

18) meadow [5med??] n. 草地

19) thriving [5θraIvI?] adj. 繁榮的，旺盛的

20) invertebrate [In5vз:tIbr?t] n. 無脊椎動物

21) ramp [r?mp] n. 坡道，斜坡

22) magnet [5m?ɡnIt] n. 有吸引力的人或物

23) oasis [??5eIsIs] n. 綠洲，復(fù)數(shù)為oases。

24) garage [5ɡ?rα:?] n. 車庫，停車場

25) shed [∫ed] n. 棚屋，小屋

26) sedum [5si:d?m] n. [植]景天

27) blunt [bl?nt] v. 減弱

28) soak up 吸收

And, in the end, maybe that’s the message: a green city with green roofs can blunt some effects of global warming by soaking up excess rain and sucking up excess carbon, and certainly by cheering up the people who live there and visit.

這個長句有三個動名詞短語（soaking up、sucking up和cheering up），它們都是介詞by的賓語，這三個介詞結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語。一連三個介詞結(jié)構(gòu)的使用很好地總結(jié)了全文，給讀者留下一個深刻的印象。

多風(fēng)的港口城市哥本哈根真正稱得上是最綠的“綠色”城市。在離繁忙的港口及美人魚雕像很遠(yuǎn)的地方，聳立在海上和克里斯蒂安港的巨大風(fēng)車在清爽的寒風(fēng)中旋轉(zhuǎn)。一條三層樓高的嶄新自行車道在堤岸與商業(yè)大樓之間穿過，將內(nèi)港的多個屋頂公園及屋頂花園連接起來，蜿蜒伸展，一直通往火車站。畢竟，這是一個幾乎人人都騎自行車的城市。

自2010年起，哥本哈根就硬性規(guī)定：凡是條件適合的新建筑物，都要建設(shè)綠色屋頂。

多爾特·雷蒙（策劃顧問）：我們知道這里將會有更多的強降雨，總的來說降雨量會增加，基于這個原因，我們意識到綠色屋頂及綠地可以吸收雨水，讓其滲透、蒸發(fā)，并延緩雨水徑流的形成。

記者：現(xiàn)在我們所站的地方，其實就是你們這里的一個綠色屋頂。

多爾特：是的，這里離內(nèi)港很近，我們身處一條綠色植物走廊的中間。我們站在新丹麥國家檔案館的屋頂上，它的獨特之處在于，這里既是眾多綠色屋頂中的一個，又可以和其他綠色屋頂相連相通，人們可以從城市的一個區(qū)域走到另一個區(qū)域，事實上，你還可以騎自行車從一個區(qū)域到另一個區(qū)域。

記者：所以這基本上就是建在屋頂上的一系列公園。

多爾特：說得對。我們所在的這個地方是我在哥本哈根最喜歡的綠色屋頂之一，因為你還可以坐在被草莓圃環(huán)繞的長椅上休息，這種設(shè)計是要為整個綠色屋頂工程打造一批無聲花園。

國家檔案館的屋頂大約有一個足球場那么大，但它看上去就像是一片草地。這些年來，這里已經(jīng)形成一個運轉(zhuǎn)良好的系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)在這片草地及花壇一派欣欣向榮的景象。

多爾特：這些綠色屋頂為蝴蝶、蜜蜂、鳥類和無脊椎動物等提供了棲息地，對生物多樣性以及植物多樣性的形成都很有幫助。

在屋頂漫步讓人心境平和。在一個角落里，有一群白領(lǐng)在燒烤；遠(yuǎn)處，通向地面的坡道吸引著當(dāng)?shù)氐幕鍚酆谜摺?/p>

這樣的綠洲不僅在住宅樓、旅店和城市公共建筑的屋頂上有，在停車場上，甚至單車棚及倉庫棚頂上也有。就在港口，有一片包含各種商店及咖啡廳的新建筑群，它的屋頂上有花圃、長椅及走道，就是沒有排水溝，因為沿著屋頂邊緣有一條三英尺（約91厘米）寬的景天花壇，可以收集全部雨水。說到底，它要傳達(dá)的正是這樣一種理念：一個有綠色屋頂?shù)木G色城市可以通過吸收過量的雨水及過量的二氧化碳，緩和全球變暖的影響，當(dāng)然也會給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窦坝慰蛶碛鋹偟暮眯那椤?/p>