崔文豪,李成浩,樸熙緒,許東元,劉蘭
(1延邊大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院,吉林延吉133000;2 延邊大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院)
ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與延邊地區(qū)HBV相關(guān)肝細(xì)胞肝癌的關(guān)系及民族差異
崔文豪1,李成浩1,樸熙緒1,許東元2,劉蘭1
(1延邊大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院,吉林延吉133000;2 延邊大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院)
目的 觀察延邊地區(qū)乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相關(guān)肝細(xì)胞肝癌(HCC)患者ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性,探討rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與HBV相關(guān)HCC的關(guān)系及民族差異。方法 選取66例(朝鮮族28例、漢族38例)HBV相關(guān)HCC患者(病例組)和150例(朝鮮族68例、漢族82例)單純HBV攜帶者(對(duì)照組),采用雙脫氧鏈末端終止法檢測(cè)ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性,并分析兩組及不同民族基因型和等位基因的分布情況。結(jié)果 病例組ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)的CC、CG和GG基因型所占比例分別為15.2%、46.9%、37.9%,對(duì)照組分別為14.7%、62.7%、22.7%,觀察組GG基因型所占比例高于對(duì)照組 (P<0.01)。病例組朝鮮族和漢族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)GG基因型所占比例分別為35.7%、36.8%,均高于對(duì)照的23.5%、22.0%(P均<0.01);兩組同民族CC、CG基因型及C、G等位基因分布差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,病例組漢族和朝鮮族人群CC、CG和GG基因型及C、G等位基因分布差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P均>0.05)。結(jié)論 ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)GG基因型可能是延邊地區(qū)人群HBV相關(guān)HCC發(fā)生的主要遺傳易感因素,且漢族和朝鮮族間不存在民族差異。
肝細(xì)胞肝癌;ErbB2;基因多態(tài)性;乙型肝炎病毒;民族差異;延邊
原癌基因ErbB2在多種腫瘤中起著非常重要的調(diào)控作用[1],有望成為臨床治療的靶點(diǎn)。研究表明,肝癌組織中ErbB2高表達(dá)[2,3],并且ErbB2在肝癌的發(fā)生過(guò)程中與乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)X抗原有相互作用[4]。HBV相關(guān)的肝細(xì)胞肝癌(HCC)是常見(jiàn)的惡性腫瘤,HBV攜帶者發(fā)生HCC的頻率非常高,且延邊地區(qū)朝鮮族HBV感染率也很高,但是ErbB2表達(dá)與HBV感染的相關(guān)性尚不清楚。近年研究表明,ErbB2基因多態(tài)性與腫瘤的發(fā)生密切相關(guān)。2013年1月~2014年5月,我們觀察了延邊地區(qū)朝鮮族和漢族HBV攜帶者和HBV相關(guān)HCC患者中ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性分布,探討ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與HBV相關(guān)HCC的關(guān)系及民族差異。
1.1 臨床資料 遵循知情自愿原則,在延邊大學(xué)臨床學(xué)院消化內(nèi)科住院及門(mén)診就診的人群中選取HBV相關(guān)HCC患者66例(病例組)、單純HBV攜帶者150例(對(duì)照組)。病例組中男36例、女30例,年齡(53.46±12.79)歲;朝鮮族28例,漢族38例;血清HBV均陽(yáng)性,均經(jīng)術(shù)后病理檢查確診為HCC;采血前均未行放射和抗癌藥物治療,并除外繼發(fā)性肝癌及其他腫瘤者。對(duì)照組中男82例、女68例,年齡(54.82±12.27)歲;朝鮮族68例,漢族82例;僅為單純HBV攜帶者,采血前未行抗病毒治療。
1.2 ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性檢測(cè)方法 留取兩組血樣,利用全血基因組DNA提取試劑盒 (北京艾德萊生物科技有限公司)提取基因組DNA,并用核酸定量分析儀進(jìn)行DNA含量及純度檢測(cè)。參照人類基因數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)資料設(shè)計(jì),在位點(diǎn)兩側(cè)設(shè)計(jì)PCR引物,上游引物序列為5′-GTGAACCAGCCAGATGTTCG-3′,下游引物序列為5′-TAGAGGTTGTCGAAGGCTGG-3′,引物由上海捷瑞公司合成。PCR反應(yīng)體系(總量25 μL):10×PCR 緩沖液2.5 μL,50 mmol/L MgCl20.8 μL,10 mmol/L dNTP 混合液 0.5 μL,5 μmmol/L上下游引物各1 μL,DNA模板1 μL,Platinum?Taq DNA聚合酶 0.2 μL,ddH2O 18 μL。將上述樣品混勻后,置入PCR儀(Gene Amp PCR System 9700型,Life公司)中進(jìn)行擴(kuò)增。反應(yīng)條件:94 ℃預(yù)變性2 min,94 ℃變性30 s,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸50 s,共循環(huán)35次,于72 ℃繼續(xù)延伸。PCR產(chǎn)物鑒定并純化后用ABI 3730XL型DNA測(cè)序儀(上海Invitrogen公司)完成測(cè)序,測(cè)序結(jié)果用Chromas 2.3軟件顯示,人工校讀并分析重復(fù)序列。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。數(shù)據(jù)比較行χ2檢驗(yàn)。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 兩組ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較 見(jiàn)表1。
表1 病例組與對(duì)照組ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較(例)
注:與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05。
2.2 兩組朝鮮族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較 見(jiàn)表2。
表2 兩組朝鮮族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較(例)
注:與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05。
2.3 兩組漢族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較 見(jiàn)表3。
表3 兩組漢族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較(例)
注:與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05。
2.4 病例組中漢族和朝鮮族ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較 病例組漢族和朝鮮族人群ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)CC、CG和GG基因型及C、G等位基因分布無(wú)差異統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P均>0.05)。見(jiàn)表4。
表4 病例組中朝鮮族與漢族的ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性比較(例)
HCC惡性程度極高、預(yù)后差、轉(zhuǎn)移早、擴(kuò)散快,是危害人類健康的惡性腫瘤之一。目前HCC診斷和治療有所發(fā)展,但其預(yù)防及早期診斷仍是難題。
已有大量文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,ErbB2基因編碼產(chǎn)物的過(guò)表達(dá)與多種腫瘤的發(fā)生及預(yù)后有關(guān)[5],但國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)HCC與ErbB2基因相關(guān)性報(bào)道較少。Carver等[6]在動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn),ErbB2表達(dá)的蛋白僅在胚胎的肝實(shí)質(zhì)中被檢測(cè)到,且在出生后第3周就消失,即使肝部分切除術(shù)也不能被誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生。黃必軍等[7]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),HCC患者細(xì)胞核中ErbB2基因的擴(kuò)增和17號(hào)染色體有關(guān),21.4%的HCC患者癌ErbB2基因發(fā)生擴(kuò)增。
ErbB2基因編碼的膜糖蛋白具有促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)、轉(zhuǎn)移的功能,ErbB2基因擴(kuò)增患者的腫瘤直徑比無(wú)擴(kuò)增患者的腫瘤直徑有增大的傾向。Heinze等[8]用ELISA法檢測(cè)ErbB2蛋白呈高表達(dá),ErbB2與HCC患者性別、臨床分期、腫瘤大小、術(shù)后復(fù)發(fā)無(wú)關(guān),但與年齡、AFP水平和HBV感染有關(guān)。曾志武等[9]采用免疫組化法檢測(cè)到正常肝組織、肝硬化及HCC組織中ErbB2蛋白表達(dá),其表達(dá)率依次為0、10.0%和37.5%;其表達(dá)與腫瘤包膜侵犯、病理分級(jí)及腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移有關(guān),而與AFP水平、腫瘤大小及肝硬化程度無(wú)關(guān),認(rèn)為ErbB2基因可作為HCC發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)因素。Huang等[10]研究指出,ErbB2基因擴(kuò)增與HCC的腫瘤大小有關(guān)。但是,ErbB2外顯子區(qū)域位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與HCC相關(guān)的研究尚未見(jiàn)報(bào)道。我們對(duì)ErbB2外顯子區(qū)域位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性進(jìn)行了研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)rs1058808位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與延邊地區(qū)HCC發(fā)生之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。ErbB2基因rs1058808多態(tài)性可引起氨基酸編碼的改變,可能影響前體蛋白的結(jié)構(gòu)修飾和出胞過(guò)程。ErbB2基因在HCC中過(guò)量表達(dá),且這種表達(dá)與HCC的發(fā)展、并發(fā)癥及腫瘤分化水平有關(guān)[11]。研究證實(shí),肝硬化患者血、組織中ErbB2基因高表達(dá)時(shí),更易發(fā)展為HCC且發(fā)展迅速[12]。其中,ErbB2基因過(guò)量表達(dá)與ErbB2基因單核苷酸多聚化及5′端外顯子區(qū)核苷酸轉(zhuǎn)化有關(guān)。這種單核苷酸多態(tài)性可能導(dǎo)致外顯子半衰期延長(zhǎng),進(jìn)而使ErbB2基因呈過(guò)量表達(dá)[13]。因此,ErbB2基因可成為治療HCC的潛在靶標(biāo)。
ErbB2基因多態(tài)性在不同腫瘤、國(guó)家、民族的易感性有不同報(bào)道,甚至同一腫瘤的研究結(jié)論也不盡相同。吳洪文等[14]研究表明,ErbB2在HCC組織中呈高表達(dá),是HCC發(fā)生、發(fā)展和轉(zhuǎn)移的重要促進(jìn)因素。Tong等[15]經(jīng)過(guò)研究得出結(jié)論,認(rèn)為ErbB2基因的rs1058808位點(diǎn)的CG、GG兩種基因型有可能是韓國(guó)女性子宮內(nèi)膜癌發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)因素。本研究結(jié)果表明,病例組ErbB2基因rs1058808位點(diǎn)的GG基因型所占比例高于對(duì)照組,且兩組同一民族中也存在這種差異,但在病例組中朝鮮族和漢族間各基因型和等位基因的分布差異均無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。這在一定程度上提示ErbB2基因 rs1058808位點(diǎn)單核苷酸多態(tài)性與HBV相關(guān)HCC的易感性有關(guān),GG基因型可能是延邊地區(qū)人群HBV相關(guān)HCC發(fā)生的主要遺傳易感因素,且漢族和朝鮮族間不存在民族差異。
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Relationship of ErbB2 gene rs1058808 polymorphism with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Yanbian area and ethnic difference
CUIWenhao1,LIChenghao,PIAOXixu,XUDongyuan,LIULan
(1YanbianUniversityHospital,Yanji133000,China)
Objective To investigate the rs1058808 polymorphism of ErbB2 gene in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Yanbian area, and to explore the correlation between rs1058808 polymorphism and HBV-related HCC and ethnic differences.Methods The gene polymorphisms of rs1058808 in ErbB2 of 66 cases of patients with HBV associated HCC (the experimental group, including 28 cases of Korean nationality and 38 cases of Han nationality) and 150 cases of pure HBV carriers (the control group, including 68 cases of Korean nationality and 82 cases of Han nationality) were detected by dideoxy chain-termination method. We analyzed the genotype and allele distribution in the two groups.Results Both the two groups had rs1058808 ErbB2 gene loci of CC, CG and GG genotypes, and G gene was the most allele. The proportions of CC, CG and GG genotypes of ErbB2 gene rs1058808 loci in the experimental group were 15.2%, 46.9% and 15.2%, while in the control group they were 14.7%, 62.7% and 22.7%; the proportion of GG genotype in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.01). The proportions of rs1058808 ErbB2 gene loci GG genotype in the Korean nationality and Han nationality of the experimental group were 35.7%, 36.8%, which were higher than those of the control group (23.5%, 22.0%) (allP<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the two national groups in CC, CG genotypes, C and G allele distribution. In the experimental group, there was no statistically significant difference in CC, CG and GG genotypes and C and G allele distribution between Han and Korean patients (allP>0.05).Conclusion The GG genotype of rs1058808 in ErbB2 may be the main genetic risk factor for HBV-associated HCC in Yanbian area, and there is no national differences between Han and Chinese-Korean patients.
hepatocellular carcinoma; ErbB2; gene polymorphism; hepatitis B virus; ethnic difference; Yanbian area
國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(81560400);吉林省教育廳“十二五”科學(xué)技術(shù)研究項(xiàng)目(2013-13)。
崔文豪(1987-),男,碩士,住院醫(yī)師,主要研究方向?yàn)椴《拘愿窝椎陌l(fā)病機(jī)制。E-mail: 348833431@qq.com
劉蘭(1977-),女,博士,副教授,主要研究方向?yàn)槟[瘤病因與診斷。E-mail: lliu@ybu.edu.cn
10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2017.10.002
R735.7
A
1002-266X(2017)10-0005-03
2016-12-11)