謝軍,褚玲,劉娟
(盱眙縣人民醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,江蘇淮安 211700)
IL-6/IL-6R基因多態(tài)性與淮安盱眙地區(qū)胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性研究
謝軍,褚玲,劉娟
(盱眙縣人民醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,江蘇淮安 211700)
目的 探究IL-6基因(rs6949149、rs1800796、rs10499563) 及其受體(IL-6R)基因(rs2228145)單核苷酸多態(tài)性(SNP)與淮安盱眙地區(qū)漢族人群胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性。方法 采用病例-對(duì)照研究,納入胃癌患者400例為病例組,體檢健康人群400例為對(duì)照組。用Mass-Array技術(shù)檢測基因多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)的基因型。采用Logistic回歸模型分析各基因型與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系。結(jié)果IL-6 rs1800796位點(diǎn)各基因型在2組中的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=6.213,P=0.045),IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)(校正后OR=1.27,95%CI:1.15~3.20,χ2=6.326,P=0.012)。分層分析結(jié)果顯示,IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型在女性亞組(校正后OR=3.99,95%CI:1.36~11.71,χ2=6.358,P=0.012)及Hpylori(Hp)感染陽性亞組(校正后OR=2.20,95%CI:1.08~4.45,χ2=4.770,P=0.029)與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)。結(jié)論IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān),此風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在Hp感染及女性群體尤其明顯。
胃癌;白細(xì)胞介素6;白細(xì)胞介素6受體;基因多態(tài)性
胃癌的發(fā)生是一個(gè)多階段、多因素參與的復(fù)雜疾病,其中環(huán)境因素與個(gè)體的遺傳因素是導(dǎo)致胃癌發(fā)病的重要因素[1-2]。IL-6是一種多功能的細(xì)胞因子,其可通過抑制巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生IL-1和TNF,進(jìn)而發(fā)揮抗炎作用。研究顯示,H.pylori(Hp)感染后胃粘膜組織中的IL-6基因表達(dá)水平升高[3],且胃癌組織中IL-6表達(dá)水平明顯高于癌旁組織[4],因此推測IL-6基因參與了HP感染相關(guān)的胃癌發(fā)生發(fā)展過程。IL-6基因多態(tài)性與胃癌的易感性亦有較多的研究報(bào)道,但結(jié)論尚存較大的爭議[5-6]?;窗岔祉舻貐^(qū)胃癌發(fā)病率相對(duì)較高,但相關(guān)研究少見。本研究采用病例-對(duì)照研究,對(duì)IL-6及其受體(IL-6R)基因多態(tài)性與淮安盱眙地區(qū)人群胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性進(jìn)行初步分析。
1.1 研究對(duì)象 收集2013年2月至2016年4月于盱眙縣人民醫(yī)院就診并經(jīng)病理組織學(xué)診斷為胃癌患者400例作為病例組,男296例,女104例,年齡65.0±11.7歲;納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):(1)病理組織學(xué)診斷為胃癌,組織學(xué)分型為胃腺癌,且為原發(fā)灶;(2)無其他慢性疾病史;(3)無其他腫瘤史。同期招募400例體檢健康的個(gè)體為對(duì)照組,男291例,女109例,年齡65.5±11.8歲。2組在性別、年齡差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。所有研究對(duì)象均為漢族,且均來自盱眙縣及周邊地區(qū)。本研究經(jīng)醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理學(xué)委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),研究對(duì)象均知情同意。
1.2 試劑及儀器 GoldMag全血基因組DNA提取試劑盒(西安金磁納米公司) ;NanoDrop2000c型蛋白核酸檢測儀(美國Thermo公司); MassARRAY?分子量陣列平臺(tái)(美國Sequenom公司)。
1.3 樣本及臨床信息采集 抽取各研究對(duì)象空腹靜脈全血3 mL,肝素抗凝, 400×g離心5 min,分離血漿,在血細(xì)胞中加入300 μL紅細(xì)胞裂解液,震蕩混勻3 min,使紅細(xì)胞充分裂解,10 000×g離心30 s,沉淀白細(xì)胞,置-80 ℃凍存。臨床基本信息采集包括性別、年齡、吸煙、飲酒、家族史。
1.4 基因組DNA提取及基因分型 按照GoldMag全血基因組DNA提取試劑盒說明書提取基因組DNA。采用NanoDrop2000c型蛋白核酸檢測儀檢測DNA濃度和純度。采用MassARRAY?分子量陣列技術(shù)進(jìn)行基因型檢測,步驟:(1)根據(jù)NCBI數(shù)據(jù)庫獲取4個(gè)基因多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)的的序列;(2)采用Genotyping Tools和MassarrayAssay Design軟件設(shè)計(jì)( Sequenom公司) 4 個(gè)SNPs位點(diǎn)的PCR擴(kuò)增引物和單堿基延伸引物(由上海英駿生物公司合成)。(3)由陜西佰美基因公司協(xié)助完成以下檢測過程:PCR擴(kuò)增、SAP實(shí)驗(yàn)、單堿基延伸PCR實(shí)驗(yàn)、樹脂純化、芯片點(diǎn)樣、質(zhì)譜分析、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果分析與整理。
2.1 病例組與對(duì)照組的基本情況 吸煙及飲酒狀態(tài)在病例組及對(duì)照組中的差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P均<0.05)。其余差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。見表1。
2.2IL-6/IL-6R基因型分析結(jié)果IL-6/IL-6R各基因型在病例組及對(duì)照組的分布見表2。其中,IL-6 rs1800796位點(diǎn)在2組中分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=6.213,P=0.045);相關(guān)性分析顯示,IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)(校正后OR=1.27,95%CI:1.15~3.20,χ2=6.326,P=0.012)。其他位點(diǎn)(IL-6 rs6949149、rs10499563及IL-6Rrs2228145)與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)均無相關(guān)性。
表1 病例組和對(duì)照組的基本情況
2.3IL-6/IL-6R基因型與胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的分層分析 進(jìn)一步根據(jù)年齡、性別及Hp感染進(jìn)行分層分析,結(jié)果顯示IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型在女性亞組(OR=3.99,95%CI:1.36~11.71,χ2=6.358,P=0.012)及Hp陽性亞組(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.08~4.45,χ2=4.770,P=0.029)與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)。在其他亞組中均未發(fā)現(xiàn)相關(guān)性。見表3~表5。
本研究采用病例-對(duì)照研究納入400例胃癌病例及400例健康人群,研究分析了IL-6(rs6949149、rs1800796、rs10499563) 及其IL-6R(rs2228145)與胃癌發(fā)病的相關(guān)性,結(jié)果顯示IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān),進(jìn)一步分層分析顯示,IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與女性、Hp感染陽性的個(gè)體胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)。
本研究納入的IL-6基因多態(tài)性位點(diǎn)均位于非翻譯區(qū),其中rs1800796位于啟動(dòng)子-572(-572C>G)位[7]。研究顯示,rs1800796基因多態(tài)性與血清的IL-6水平相關(guān)[8],另有薈萃分析顯示,rs1800796 GG基因型是腫瘤的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素[9],韓國人群亦有相關(guān)的研究報(bào)道[10],與本研究的結(jié)論相一致。但另有研究報(bào)道,rs1800796位點(diǎn)與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)無相關(guān)性[5, 9, 11-12],原因可能是與種族差異相關(guān)。此外,rs1800796 G等位基因在亞洲人群中的頻率為23.9%,而在歐洲人群中為93.8%[9]。本研究中rs1800796 G等位基因在對(duì)照組的頻率為27.25%,與報(bào)道的結(jié)果基本一致。
表2 IL-6/IL-6R各基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的相關(guān)性[n(%)]
注:*,經(jīng)年齡、性別、吸煙、飲酒、Hp校正后。
表3 IL-6/IL-6R基因型與胃癌患者年齡發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)性的分層分析
注:同表2。
IL-6在中性粒細(xì)胞趨化、T淋巴細(xì)胞的增殖及遷移都發(fā)揮重要的作用。此外,IL-6還可以促進(jìn)TH17發(fā)育,阻止CD4細(xì)胞分化為Treg細(xì)胞[13],因此,IL-6在TH17及Treg細(xì)胞之間的平衡起著重要的作用。本研究分層分析結(jié)果顯示,在Hp感染陽性亞組中IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān),提示該位點(diǎn)可能與Hp感染存在交互作用。另有研究顯示,人感染Hp后會(huì)引起IL-6等炎癥因子的升高[14],原因可能與Hp誘導(dǎo)的STAT3 信號(hào)通路相關(guān),并在胃癌的發(fā)生過程中發(fā)揮重要的作用[15],本研究結(jié)果與上述研究結(jié)論相一致。此外,本研究還觀察到在女性亞組中IL-6 rs1800796 GG基因型與胃癌的發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān);來自中國的1項(xiàng)病例隨訪研究顯示,女性的IL-6高水平與胃癌的發(fā)病相關(guān)[16],此結(jié)果提示rs1800796多態(tài)性與血清的IL-6水平相關(guān)[8],進(jìn)而增加了女性患胃癌的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本研究仍存在不足之處,如研究雖然納入400例病例及400例對(duì)照,但在亞組分析時(shí)一些基因型的個(gè)數(shù)仍較少,可能會(huì)影響統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)效應(yīng)。對(duì)于環(huán)境因素如吸煙、飲酒對(duì)于胃癌發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響仍是值得關(guān)注的問題,但本研究限于樣本量所限未能進(jìn)行分組分析。其他的影響因素如飲食、胃癌疾病史、Hp感染及治療史對(duì)于胃癌均為潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),在今后的大樣本研究中考慮。
表4 IL-6/IL-6R基因型與胃癌患者性別發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)性的分層分析
注:同表2。
表5 IL-6/IL-6R基因型與胃癌患者Hp感染發(fā)病風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)性的分層分析
注:同表2。
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(本文編輯:許曉蒙)
Associations ofIL-6/IL-6Rpolymorphisms with the risk of gastric cancer in Xuyi region of Huai′an
XIEJun,CHULing,LIUJuan
(DepartmentofLaboratoryMedicine,XuyiPeople′sHospital,Huai′an211700,Jiangsu,China)
Objective To investigate the associations ofIL-6(rs6949149, rs1800796 and rs10499563) andIL-6R(rs2228145) single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) with the risk of gastric cancer in Chinese Han population of Xuyi, Huai′an. Methods A total of 400 patients with gastric cancer and 400 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. The genotypes of the four SNPs were detected by the Mass-Array technology. The associations between theIL-6/IL-6RSNPs and the risk of gastric cancer were analyzed by Logistic regression model. Results There was a significant difference in the distribution of theIL-6 rs1800796 genotypes between the patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls(χ2=6.213,P=0.045). TheIL-6 rs1800796 GG genotype was associated with a increased risk of gastric cancer(adjustedOR=1.27, 95%CI: 1.15-3.20,χ2=6.326,P=0.012). Subgroup analysis showed that the associations between theIL-6 rs1800796 GG genotype and the risk of gastric cancer were obvious in the female(adjustedOR=3.99, 95%CI: 1.36-11.71,χ2=6.358,P=0.012) and the patients withH.pyloriinfection(adjustedOR=2.20, 95%CI: 1.08-4.45,χ2=4.770,P=0.029). Conclusion TheIL-6 rs1800796 GG genotype is associated with the risk of gastric cancer, especially in the female and the patients withH.pyloriinfection.
gastric cancer; IL-6; IL-6R; gene polymorphism
10.13602/j.cnki.jcls.2017.03.08
謝軍,1974年生,男,副主任技師,大學(xué)本科,從事分子生物學(xué)研究,E-mail:xiejun000123@163.com。
R735.2
A
2016-12-01)