“THAT用法總結(jié)”的教學(xué)設(shè)計

錢世平

Step 1;?Presentation

“that”在英文中是一個使用頻率很高的單詞。它有四種詞性，并且句法及語法功能紛繁復(fù)雜。同學(xué)們?nèi)绻荒苁炀氄莆掌溆梅ǎ芸赡軙纬捎⒄Z學(xué)習(xí)的一種障礙，從而影響其學(xué)習(xí)興趣和效率?，F(xiàn)將that的用法總結(jié)歸納如下：

第一、that用作形容詞（后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時用those）。

它用來指已被提到的人或物;也可表對比，指兩個中較遠(yuǎn)的那個。

What about that book you borrowed from me last month？

請注意，that有時候在句子中具有喜歡或輕蔑等感情色彩。

that little son of his他那個小寶貝兒子

That George！喬治那家伙！（含有輕蔑語氣）

第二、that 用作代詞。

1、that 用作指示代詞（復(fù)數(shù)形式是those），其指代意義同形容詞用法，同時它還可以用作定語從句中的先行詞;還可以為了避免重復(fù)，代替前述名詞。

That is what he told me.

What is that（which）you have got in your hand？

The price of rice is higher than that of flour.

2、that用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。先行詞可人可物，用法相當(dāng)于who或which。（但是在下列情況下多用that：先行詞既有人又有物時;先行詞有形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞、不定代詞、very，only等修飾時;先行詞是不定代詞時）

He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.

I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has every produced.

She has little information that is useful for our research.

Is there anything that I can do for you？

請注意，that在定語從句中作賓語時通?？墒÷?。

The books （that）i sent you will help you in your studies.

第三、that 用作連詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，狀語從句和強調(diào)句。

1、that 句詞性從句。

①引導(dǎo)賓語從句。及物動詞后的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略。

I didnt expect（that）he could win the championship.

The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough.

②引導(dǎo)主語從句。通常采用it作形式主語的句型。

That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.

（It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.）

③引導(dǎo)表語從句。

The trouble is that we are short of money.

④引導(dǎo)同位語從句。

引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that和引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是不同的。前者只起語法作用，在從句中不作任何成分;而后者在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。舉例說明：

The news that he resigned from office surprised us.

2、that引導(dǎo)狀語從句

①引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。

Bring it nearer that I may see it better.

②引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。

What have I done that he should be so angry with me？

③引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。

I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.

④引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“假使、假設(shè)”。

Difficult that/as the task was， they managed to accomplish it on time.

⑤引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。意為“盡管、雖然”。

Surprising that you were in my position， what would you do？

On condition that you were lost in the desert， you should ask for help as soon as possible.

3、引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句。

It is Mrs. White that makes the decision in her family， not her meek little husband.

It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.

第四、that 用作副詞。

1、that 用作普通副詞。

I was so angry that I could have hit him.

2、that 用作關(guān)系副詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句，可以代替when，where，why或in which，?？墒÷?。

第五、與that有關(guān)的常見重要短語。

1、in that， 意為“既然、因為”。

Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us correct our mistakes.

2、now that，意為“既然、由于”。

Now that they have taken matters into their hands， the pace of events has quickened.

3、see（to it）that，意為“注意、務(wù)必做到、保證”。

We will see to it that she gets home early.

See to it that you are not late again.

4、seeing that，意為“鑒于、由于”。

Seeing that it is 8 oclock， Well wait no longer.

Seeing that he was busy with his work， I didnt disturb him.

以上是that主要用法的概述，希望能對大家有所幫助。當(dāng)然，that還有其他的一些用法，需要我們在學(xué)習(xí)的過程中不斷地積累和總結(jié)。