去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛血清生化指標(biāo)的影響

郭同軍，臧長江，王連群，桑斷疾，邵偉，余雄

(1.新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)學(xué)院/新疆肉乳用草食動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，烏魯木齊 830052；2.新疆畜牧科學(xué)院飼料研究所，烏魯木齊 830000；3.塔里木大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)學(xué)院，新疆阿拉爾 843300)

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去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛血清生化指標(biāo)的影響

郭同軍1,2，臧長江1，王連群3，桑斷疾2，邵偉1，余雄1

(1.新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)學(xué)院/新疆肉乳用草食動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，烏魯木齊 830052；2.新疆畜牧科學(xué)院飼料研究所，烏魯木齊 830000；3.塔里木大學(xué)動(dòng)物科學(xué)學(xué)院，新疆阿拉爾 843300)

【目的】研究去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛血清能量、蛋白代謝及抗氧化指標(biāo)的影響。【方法】選取50頭健康的、16月齡的西門塔爾公牛，經(jīng)藥物驅(qū)蟲后，依據(jù)體重進(jìn)行單因素配對(duì)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)?！窘Y(jié)果】肌酸激酶的活性去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組低6.90%，差異顯著(P<0.05)。去勢(shì)組的尿素氮和白蛋白含量比未去勢(shì)組分別高5.63%和2.59%，差異極顯著(P<0.01)；白蛋白與球蛋白的比值去勢(shì)組顯著高于未去勢(shì)組(P<0.05)。去勢(shì)組和未去勢(shì)組的超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶和丙二醛含量含量差異均不顯著(P>0.05)?！窘Y(jié)論】去勢(shì)使代謝氧化過程減慢，去勢(shì)牛變得溫順而活動(dòng)量相對(duì)減少，致使機(jī)體對(duì)ATP的需求降低了，血清肌酸激酶和乳酸脫氫酶的活性下降了，血糖的消耗降低，血清中血糖水平相對(duì)升高；蛋白同化作用減弱，血液的氧化應(yīng)激變低。而白蛋白增加可能與去勢(shì)牛需要更多的脂蛋白運(yùn)勢(shì)脂肪酸等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)有關(guān)。

西門塔爾牛；去勢(shì)；血清蛋白代謝；血清能量代謝；抗氧化指標(biāo)

0 引 言

【研究意義】去勢(shì)能減少公牛肉含有的膻味，能使肌肉內(nèi)脂肪含量增加，提高牛肉的大理石花紋等級(jí)，改善牛肉品質(zhì)[1-5]，但去勢(shì)對(duì)日增重有降低的作用[3、6-12]。血液生化指標(biāo)的測(cè)定是了解動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)利用和代謝狀態(tài)的重要方法?！厩叭搜芯窟M(jìn)展】去勢(shì)后去勢(shì)牛的白血球數(shù)量會(huì)短期增加[13]。無血去勢(shì)鉗去勢(shì)后結(jié)合珠蛋白的數(shù)量會(huì)增加[14-16]。毛元廷等[2]比較研究發(fā)現(xiàn)去勢(shì)后的延邊黃牛的血清谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量降低，血清谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、白蛋白和尿素氮含量提高。呂強(qiáng)等[12]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)去勢(shì)后的新疆褐牛的血清球蛋白、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶和谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量降低，血清尿素氮和白蛋白含量提高?！颈狙芯壳腥朦c(diǎn)】當(dāng)前，去勢(shì)對(duì)1.5歲左右的西門塔爾牛的血清蛋白、能量等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝及抗氧化指標(biāo)影響的研究較少。試驗(yàn)通過對(duì)比分析去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛與未去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛的血清生化及抗氧化指標(biāo)的含量差異?！緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問題】試驗(yàn)通過對(duì)比分析去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛與未去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛的血清生化及抗氧化指標(biāo)的含量差異，研究去勢(shì)對(duì)17～21月齡西門塔爾牛蛋白、能量等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝及抗氧化指標(biāo)的影響，為通過去勢(shì)生產(chǎn)高品質(zhì)牛肉提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。

1 材料與方法

1.1 材 料

1.1.1 試驗(yàn)動(dòng)物

試驗(yàn)選擇50頭健康、體重(414.02±62.34) kg 16月齡西門塔爾公牛，經(jīng)藥物驅(qū)蟲后，依據(jù)體重進(jìn)行配對(duì)試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)，分為去勢(shì)組和未去勢(shì)組2個(gè)組，每個(gè)組25頭牛。試驗(yàn)期150 d。

1.1.2 日糧組成

參照肉牛飼養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)NY/T 815-2004進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)日糧配制，列出日糧組成及營養(yǎng)水平。表1

表1 日糧組成及營養(yǎng)水平(干物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)，%)
Table 1 Ingredient and nutrition level of experiment diets (DM basis，%)

原料Ingredients月齡(月)Monthofage17181920～21營養(yǎng)成分Nutrientlevels月齡(月)Monthofage17181920～21青貯玉米Silagemaize3016295026672602綜合凈能NEmfMJ/kg697689697701麥秸Wheatstraw1928201018181773粗蛋白質(zhì)CP1315129413241323玉米Corn3363330736233746粗脂肪EE234230233235棉粕CottonseedMeal1318129513321312粗纖維CF1693170915761542菜籽粕Rapeseedmeal263258278285鈣Ca032031033033預(yù)混料Premix1)056055059060磷P036036035034食鹽NaCl056055059060碳酸氫鈉NaHCO3000070164162總計(jì)Total10000100001000010000

注；1 kg預(yù)混料含有： VA≥2 200 IU， VD3≥275 IU，VE≥15 IU，F(xiàn)e≥50 mg，Cu≥10 mg，Zn≥30 mg，Mn≥40 mg，Se≥0.1 mg，I≥0.5 mg，Co≥0.1 mg

Note: One kilogram of premix contained the following： VA≥2 200 IU， VD3≥275 IU，VE≥15 IU，F(xiàn)e≥50 mg，Cu≥10 mg，Zn≥30 mg，Mn≥40 mg，Se≥0.1 mg，I≥0.5 mg，Co≥0.1 mg

1.2 方 法

1.2.1 去勢(shì)與飼養(yǎng)管理

將去勢(shì)組的25頭西門塔爾公牛禁食12 h后，采用公畜無血去勢(shì)鉗去勢(shì)[17]。去勢(shì)后，觀察2 d后，無不良反應(yīng)，即開始飼養(yǎng)試驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)牛分組散欄飼養(yǎng)，每天分兩次(09：30和19：30)定量飼喂相同的全混合飼糧，自由飲水。根據(jù)中國《肉牛飼養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》生長育肥牛干物質(zhì)采食量計(jì)算公式：

DMI=0.062×LBW0.75+(1.529 6+0.003 7×LBW)×ADG.

式中：DMI干物質(zhì)采食量，(kg/d)；LBW活重，(kg)；ADG平均日增重，(kg/d)。

基于試驗(yàn)牛平均體重和日增重1.0 kg，計(jì)算生長育肥牛理論干物質(zhì)采食量，結(jié)合試驗(yàn)牛平均剩料量，每30 d調(diào)整一次日糧配方和飼喂量。實(shí)際干物質(zhì)采食量的測(cè)定以組為單位進(jìn)行測(cè)定，計(jì)算平均值。

1.2.2 樣品采集

1.2.2.1 樣品采集與制備

正式試驗(yàn)期每月的第1 d，清晨飼喂前，用血清真空管于尾根動(dòng)/靜脈處采取血樣。于4℃ 3 000 r/min 離心15 min，取上清。分裝于1.5 mL離心管，-20℃保存[18]。用于血清生化指標(biāo)和抗氧化指標(biāo)的檢測(cè)。

1.2.2.2 樣品分析

血糖、白蛋白、總蛋白、尿素氮、肌酸激酶、乳酸脫氫酶、β-羥丁酸、谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶、超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶采用日立7160全自動(dòng)生化儀和各指標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)的檢測(cè)試劑盒進(jìn)行比色法檢測(cè)[18]。

1.3 數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)

采用SAS 9.0 MIXED模型進(jìn)行有重復(fù)數(shù)據(jù)的配對(duì)資料的單因素方差分析。

2 結(jié)果與分析

2.1 去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛血清能量代謝指標(biāo)的影響

研究表明，與未去勢(shì)組相比，去勢(shì)能降低去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛血液中肌酸激酶的活性6.90%，差異顯著(P<0.05)；去勢(shì)能提高去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛血液中血糖和β-羥丁酸的含量0.78%和4.80%，但差異不顯著(P>0.05)。乳酸脫氫酶含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組低3.02%，差異也不顯著(P>0.05)。表2

表2 去勢(shì)下西門塔爾牛血清能量代謝指標(biāo)變化
Table 2 The effect of castration on serum energy metabolism of Simmental Cattle

項(xiàng)目Items試驗(yàn)處理 TreatmentP值 P-value未去勢(shì)Uncastrated去勢(shì)Castrated處理Trt月份Month處理×月份Trt×Month血糖GLU(mmol/L)514±053518±055058<00001082β-羥丁酸β-HB(mmol/L)0125±005013±005040<00001100乳酸脫氫酶LDH(U/L)135385±25730131302±24171020<00001026肌酸激酶CK(U/L)15234±4042b14183±3057a0046081030

2.2 去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛血清蛋白代謝指標(biāo)的影響

研究表明，與未去勢(shì)組相比，去勢(shì)能提高去勢(shì)西門塔爾牛血液中白蛋白和尿素氮的含量，差異極顯著(P<0.01)。白蛋白與球蛋白的比值去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組高2.17%，差異顯著(P<0.05)。去勢(shì)組的總蛋白、球蛋白和谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量比未去勢(shì)組分別高1.30%、0.13%和2.85%，但差異不顯著(P>0.05)。谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組低0.60%，差異不顯著(P>0.05)。處理與月份的交互效應(yīng)對(duì)血液白蛋白和總蛋白的含量影響統(tǒng)計(jì)差異顯著(P<0.05)，血液總蛋白和尿素氮濃度隨月齡變化趨勢(shì)為17～21各月齡的尿素氮含量去勢(shì)組均高于未去勢(shì)組，差異不顯著(P>0.05)。表3，圖1

表3 去勢(shì)下西門塔爾牛血清蛋白代謝指標(biāo)變化
Table 3 The effect of castration on serum protein metabolism of Simmental Cattle

項(xiàng)目Items試驗(yàn)處理 TreatmentP值 P-value未去勢(shì)Uncastrated去勢(shì)Castrated處理Trt月份Month處理×月份Trt×Month白蛋白ALB(g/L)2901±230B2976±252A0003<00001002總蛋白TP(g/L)6074±4506153±431015<00001003球蛋白GLB(g/L)3174±2893178±289091009009白蛋白：球蛋白A/G092±008b094±010a004<00001021尿素氮BUN(mmol/L)373±060B394±062A0009<00001090谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶ALT(U/L)2150±9042137±835091<00001018谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶AST(U/L)4355±14894479±14850550002056

圖1 血液總蛋白和尿素氮濃度隨月齡變化

Fig.1 The change trend of blood TP and BUN concentration with month of age

2.3 去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾牛的血清抗氧化指標(biāo)的影響

研究表明，與未去勢(shì)組相比，去勢(shì)的西門塔爾牛血液中超氧化物歧化酶提高了0.01%，差異不顯著(P>0.05)。去勢(shì)組谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶和丙二醛的含量比未去勢(shì)組分別低0.85%和1.32%，差異也不顯著(P>0.05)。表4

表4 去勢(shì)下西門塔爾牛的血清抗氧化指標(biāo)變化
Table 4 The effect of Castration on serum antioxidant indices of Simmental Cattle

項(xiàng)目Items試驗(yàn)處理 TreatmentP值 P-value未去勢(shì)Uncastrated去勢(shì)Castrated處理Trt月份Month處理×月份Trt×Month超氧化物歧化酶SOD(U/mL)8125±4428126±443099<00001087谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶GSH-PX(U/mL)88073±518887322±54090310004031丙二醛MDA(nmol/mL)304±083300±062069027037

3 討 論

3.1 去勢(shì)與西門塔爾牛血清能量代謝指標(biāo)的關(guān)系

血糖水平能反應(yīng)機(jī)體的營養(yǎng)狀況，是動(dòng)物機(jī)體內(nèi)能量平衡的主要標(biāo)志[19-20]。試驗(yàn)中，血糖含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組高0.78%，差異不顯著(P>0.05)。這與呂強(qiáng)[21]研究青年新疆褐牛，毛元廷[2]研究延邊黃牛公牛和閹牛的血清血糖差異不顯著的結(jié)論一致。β-羥丁酸在瘤胃中受揮發(fā)性脂肪酸介入而生成酮體，因此β-羥丁酸可作為是能量供應(yīng)的敏感指標(biāo)[22]。試驗(yàn)中，β-羥丁酸的含量去勢(shì)組均高于未去勢(shì)組，但差異不顯著(P>0.05)。去勢(shì)牛的β-羥丁酸和血糖水平均稍高于未去勢(shì)組。這可能是由于閹割公畜后，去除雄激素的分泌，顯著地減慢代謝氧化過程[23]所造成的。

乳酸脫氫酶在體內(nèi)可逆地催化丙酮酸和還原性輔酶I轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿樗岷脱趸暂o酶I，是機(jī)體能量代謝中參與糖酵解的一種重要酶，其含量的改變直接影響到機(jī)體的能量代謝[24]。試驗(yàn)中，乳酸脫氫酶含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組低3.02%，差異不顯著。肌酸激酶在體內(nèi)可逆地催化肌酸與ATP之間的轉(zhuǎn)磷?；磻?yīng)，與細(xì)胞內(nèi)ATP再生、能量運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和肌肉收縮直接關(guān)系[24]。試驗(yàn)中，肌酸激酶含量去勢(shì)組顯著低于未去勢(shì)組。這可能是由于去勢(shì)后，去勢(shì)牛活動(dòng)量降低了，代謝氧化過程減緩了，致使機(jī)體對(duì)ATP的需求降低了，故而肌酸激酶和乳酸脫氫酶的活性下降了。

3.2 去勢(shì)與西門塔爾牛血清蛋白代謝指標(biāo)的關(guān)系

動(dòng)物所需蛋白質(zhì)必須從食物中被不斷攝入，在蛋白酶的作用下將飼料蛋白質(zhì)分解成以氨基酸為主的形式吸收利用。當(dāng)?shù)鞍踪|(zhì)分解增強(qiáng)時(shí)，尿素氮含量上升，白蛋白含量下降，總氨基酸含量上升，谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量下降，谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量上升。當(dāng)?shù)鞍踪|(zhì)合成時(shí)，尿素氮含量下降，白蛋白含量上升，總氨基酸含量下降，谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量下降，谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量上升[25]。

血清尿素氮是評(píng)價(jià)飼糧氨基酸的平衡和機(jī)體蛋白質(zhì)代謝的有效指標(biāo)之一[26]，與動(dòng)物生長速度成負(fù)相關(guān)。一般情況下尿素氮濃度低說明氨基酸平衡較好，機(jī)體蛋白質(zhì)合成率較高。血清尿素氮濃度過高，則會(huì)使氮通過尿液排出體外，降低飼料中氮的利用效率[27]。試驗(yàn)中，尿素氮含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組高5.63%，差異極顯著(P<0.01)。這與呂強(qiáng)[21]和毛元廷[2]在研究去勢(shì)對(duì)新疆褐牛和去勢(shì)對(duì)延邊黃牛的血清尿素氮變化相一致。說明去勢(shì)會(huì)影響牛對(duì)氨氮利用率，影響蛋白質(zhì)沉積。

血清蛋白的含量受日糧蛋白質(zhì)的攝取量和內(nèi)源蛋白質(zhì)分解代謝等眾多因素的影響。血清白蛋白與球蛋白之和即為總蛋白[28]。白蛋白主要由肝臟合成，可作為脂肪酸等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的載體[29]。試驗(yàn)中，白蛋白含量去勢(shì)組極顯著高于未去勢(shì)組。這與呂強(qiáng)[21]和毛元廷[2]在研究去勢(shì)對(duì)新疆褐牛和去勢(shì)對(duì)延邊黃牛的血清白蛋白變化相一致。這可能說明一方面去勢(shì)牛的代謝氧化過程減慢了，另一方面是去勢(shì)的牛的需要較多的白蛋白被用于脂肪酸等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的運(yùn)輸。

血清球蛋白含量能反映機(jī)體免疫能力和蛋白質(zhì)代謝能力的強(qiáng)弱，球蛋白含量提高，說明蛋白質(zhì)代謝能力加強(qiáng)，免疫力得到提高[28]。白蛋白與球蛋白的比值升高說明球蛋白數(shù)量下降而降低機(jī)體免疫機(jī)能，反之則提高免疫系統(tǒng)機(jī)能[30]。試驗(yàn)中，球蛋白含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組高0.13%，差異不顯著(P>0.05)。白蛋白與球蛋白的比值去勢(shì)組顯著高于未去勢(shì)組。說明未去勢(shì)牛的免疫力較高，這可能是由于未去勢(shì)牛因具有較強(qiáng)的好斗性，容易受傷造成的[21]。

谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶和谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶的活性高低可以基本反映機(jī)體蛋白質(zhì)合成和分解代謝的狀況[31]。試驗(yàn)中，谷丙轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組低0.60%，谷草轉(zhuǎn)氨酶含量去勢(shì)組比未去勢(shì)組高2.85%，差異均不顯著(P>0.05)。說明去勢(shì)牛的蛋白分解代謝機(jī)能稍高于合成代謝，體沉積的能力稍弱，與此相對(duì)應(yīng)則是血液中總蛋白和白蛋白的濃度升高了。這與試驗(yàn)中，總蛋白含量去勢(shì)組高于未去勢(shì)組的結(jié)論相一致。

3.3 去勢(shì)與西門塔爾牛的血清抗氧化指標(biāo)的關(guān)系

機(jī)體在代謝過程中產(chǎn)生大量超氧陰離子自由基，該自由基是一種強(qiáng)氧化劑，會(huì)對(duì)機(jī)體產(chǎn)生損傷。在正常情況下，動(dòng)物機(jī)體細(xì)胞內(nèi)超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等一系列抗氧化酶類的活性和含量會(huì)影響體內(nèi)活性氧自由基的水平和脂質(zhì)過氧化最終代謝產(chǎn)物丙二醛的含量[32-34]。

SOD能保護(hù)細(xì)胞免受損傷，是因?yàn)槠淠軌蚱缁蹶庪x子形成H2O2，消除超氧陰離子的毒性所致[35]。谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶能起到保護(hù)細(xì)胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)和功能完整的作用，是由于其能消除細(xì)胞內(nèi)有害的過氧化物代謝產(chǎn)物，阻斷脂質(zhì)過氧化鏈鎖反應(yīng)[36]。丙二醛是體內(nèi)脂質(zhì)過氧化反應(yīng)的終產(chǎn)物，可與蛋白質(zhì)、酶發(fā)生交聯(lián)反應(yīng)而影響機(jī)體功能[31]。丙二醛含量的高低可間接反映機(jī)體細(xì)胞損傷的程度[37]。試驗(yàn)中，超氧化物歧化酶含量去勢(shì)組高于未去勢(shì)組0.01%，谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶含量去勢(shì)組低于未去勢(shì)組0.85%，差異均不顯著(P>0.05)。丙二醛含量去勢(shì)組低于未去勢(shì)組1.32%(P>0.05)，說明去勢(shì)牛的氧化應(yīng)激低于未去勢(shì)牛，這可能與牛去勢(shì)后代謝氧化過程減慢有關(guān)，或去勢(shì)牛的活動(dòng)量較未去勢(shì)牛減少了有關(guān)。呂強(qiáng)[21]在研究去勢(shì)對(duì)新疆褐牛的影響時(shí)指出血清超氧化物歧化酶酶含量和丙二醛含量組間差異不顯著，說明去勢(shì)青年新疆褐牛氧化應(yīng)激可能消除。

4 結(jié) 論

通過比較分析去勢(shì)對(duì)西門塔爾公牛的血清能量、蛋白等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝和抗氧化指標(biāo)的影響。發(fā)現(xiàn)去勢(shì)牛血液肌酸激酶的活性顯著下降了6.90%，尿素氮的含量顯著提高了5.63%；超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽過氧化物酶和丙二醛的含量變化不顯著。說明去勢(shì)能減少機(jī)體對(duì)能量的需求和體內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)的沉積，機(jī)體代謝氧化過程減慢，去勢(shì)?；顒?dòng)量減少。

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Fund project:Supported by "12th Five-Year" science and technology support project of China "the research and demonstration of key technology about the safe and efficient feeding of beef cattle in Xinjiang" (2011BAD47B02); the basic science and technology research support funds for scientific research institutes of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; Open subject of nutrition laboratory for meat and milk in Xinjiang

The Influence of Castration on Serum Biochemical Index of Simmental Cattle

GUO Tong-jun1,2, ZANG Chang-jiang1, WANG Lian-qun3,SANG Duan-ji2, SHAO Wei1, YU Xiong1

(1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Herbivore Nutrition for Meat & Milk Production / CollegeofAnimalScience,XinjiangAgriculturalUniversity,Urumqi830052,China；2.FodderResearchInstitute,XinjiangAcademyofAnimalSciences,Urumqi830000,China；3.CollegeofAnimalSciences,TarimUniversity,AlarXinjiang843300,China)

【Objective】 The objective of the present study is to investigate the influence of castration on serum protein metabolism, energy metabolism and antioxidant index on Simmental cattle. 【Method】50 healthy Simmental cattle (16 month) were used in a paired design of single factor by body weight.【Result】The results showed that the content of creatine kinase in the castrated group was lower than uncastrated group and there were significant difference(P<0.05). The contents of urea nitrogen and albumin in castrated group were higher than uncastrated group by 5.63% and 2.59%, respectively. The difference were extremely significant (P<0.01). The ratio of albumin and globulin in the castrated group was significantly higher than uncastrated group(P<0.05). As for SOD, GSH-PX and MDA, there were no difference in the castrated group and uncastrated group (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】The results suggested that the castration slows down the metabolic oxidation process, slows down, and steers become gentle and the relative reduction in the amount of activity, thus resulting in the body's demand for ATP. Serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activity decreased, and so did blood glucose consumption; The blood sugar level in serum relatively went up. The assimilation of protein decreased, and the oxidative stress of blood became lower. And the increase in albumin may suggest that ovariectomized cows need more lipoprotein fatty acids and other nutrients.

Simmental cattle；castration treatment；serum protein metabolism；serum energy metabolism；serum antioxidant index

10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2016.11.022

2016-01-04

國家“十二五”科技支撐項(xiàng)目“新疆肉牛安全高效飼養(yǎng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究與示范”(2011BAD47B02)；新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目；新疆肉乳用草食動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開放課題

郭同軍(1981-)，男，甘肅人，副研究員，博士，研究方向?yàn)榉雌c動(dòng)物營養(yǎng)與瘤胃微生物調(diào)控，(E-mail)guotaoxj@126.com

余雄(1958-)，男，四川人，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師，研究方向?yàn)閯?dòng)物營養(yǎng)與飼料，(E-mail)yuxiong8763601@126.com

S823.8

A

1001-4330(2016)11-2127-08