Descriptions of two new species of Chaetogramma Doutt (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from China

TIAN Hongxia, LIN Naiquan

(1.Agricultural Engineering College, Weifang Vocational College, Weifang, Shandong 261041, China; 2.Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China)

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Descriptions of two new species ofChaetogrammaDoutt (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from China

TIAN Hongxia1, LIN Naiquan2

(1.Agricultural Engineering College, Weifang Vocational College, Weifang, Shandong 261041, China; 2.Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China)

The genusChaetogrammaDoutt are recorded for the first time from China. Two new species,C.longiscapiformussp. nov. andC.longifuniculatussp. nov., are described. Photomicrographs for morphological characteristics of 2 species are illustrated. The type specimens are mounted on slides and deposited in Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

Trichogrammatidae;Chaetogramma; new genus; new species; Hainan Province

The genusChaetogrammawas established by Doutt based on specimens collected from California, USA[1]. Before this, Doutt et al[2]mentioned the genusXiphogrammathat “A species from California exhibits all the characteristics ofXiphogramma, except the long ovipositor and saber-shaped valvulae……”. After adding more new specimens, Doutt realized that the species represented a new genus,Chaetogramma, and describedC.occidentalisas its type species. He also described another new species,C.pretoriensis, from South Africa simultaneously. Afterwards, Hayat[3]established a new subgenusChaetogramminaunderChaetogrammabased on an Indian new species. Yousuf et al[4]reported another Indian new species,Brachygrammatellasingularis, which was transferred toChaetogrammalater in 1987[5]. Again, Yousuf et al[6]described another new species,C.hisarensis, from India. Pinto et al[7]realizedBrachistagraphaDe Santis as a synonymy ofChaetogrammaDoutt and transferredB.caudataDe Santis toChaetogramma[8]. Hayat[9,10]treatedBrachygrammatellasingularisas a synonymy ofChaetogramma(Chaetogrammina)maculateafter examining the type specimens, he also described another Indian new species,C.borealis. So far, a total of 6 species have been described from the oriental (3 spp.), nearctic (2 spp.) and tropical (1 sp.) regions. All their biology and hosts remained unknown.

According to tribal classifications of Trichogrammatidae primarily based on male genitalia proposed by Viggiani[11]and Pinto[12], the genusChaetogrammabelongs to subfamily Oligositinae and tribe Chaetostrichini. It is close to the generaBrachygrammatellaandXiphogramma. However,Brachygrammatellacan be recognized by its transverse funicular segments, broad and spinose marginal vein and basal extension of dense discal cilia of fore wing under the venation.Xiphogrammacan be distinguished from these 2 genera by its long and saber-shaped ovipositor.

By examination of specimens from Hainan Province, two new species ofChaetogrammawere recognized. This is the first time of this genus recorded from China.

1Material and Methods

The specimens were collected by sweeping from Hainan Province, mounted on slides and deposited in the Biological Control Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

The mounted specimens were observed and measured under a Zeiss microscope. Besides the body length was measured in mm, all other dimensions were converted from relative ratios of 200X magnification of microscope. The photomicrographs for morphological characters of two species were obtained by confocal imaging system on the microscope.

Terminology was primarily based on Pinto[12], except terms of wings′ vein track and male genitalia on Pang et al[13]and Wang et al[14].

2Taxonomy

ChaetogrammaDoutt

ChaetogrammaDoutt, 1974, Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 50: 238-242. Type species:ChaetogrammaoccidentalisDoutt. by original designation.

ChaetogramminaHayat, 1981, Boll. Lab. Entomol. Agr., Portici., 38: 73-79. (as subgenus, currently valid). Type species:Chaetogramma(Chaetogrammina)maculataHayat. by original designation.

BrachistagraphaDe Santis, 1997, Sesion Ordinaria Academia Nacional. Agr. Veter., 51(8): 7-17. Type species:BrachistagraphacaudataDe Santis. by original designation. Synonymized by Pinto & Viggiani (2004).

Type Locality: USA (California).

Distribution: Asia, Africa, North and South America.

Host: unknown.

Diagnosis: Female antenna with 1～2 anelli, 1～2 funicular segments and 1 club segment. Funicle consisting of 2 subequal closely appressed segments or a single but partially divided segment or a single one. Both funicle and club with some placoid sensilla (PLS), basiconic peg sensilla (BPS) and numerous short, fine chaetica sensilla (ChS). Fore wing venation between the base of marginal vein and apex of premarginal vein poorly sclerotized, light in colour; stigmal vein short, lacking a basal constriction. Fore wing disk with dense cilia irregularly distributed, without cross vein track (m-cu). Ovipositor shorter than metasoma but not obviorsly beyond the apex of metasoma. The gonobase of male genitalia with vestigial, lobiform chelate structures (CS), ventral setae present. Aedeagal apodemes (AAP) present or not.

2.1Chaetogrammalongiscapiformus, sp. nov.

Female. Body (Fig.1) length 0.99 mm. Body colour in general yellow-brown, except the vertex, basal and apical parts of scape, the base of marginal vein and apex of premarginal vein, fore-and mid-legs, hind tibia and tarsi, and the apex of metasoma pale yellow-brown; mandibles, the most part of marginal vein, metasoma and the ovipositor dark brown; fore wing disk hyaline except for the area beneath the stigmal and premarginal veins infuscatus.

Head oblate in front view, slightly wider than height (50∶41); eyes large, about 0.66X as height as head (27∶41); vertex with transverse ridges; mandible developed, with 3 teeth at its apex, the lateral two sharper; maxillary palp 1 segmented with a long apical seta. Antenna (Fig.1) scape slender, stick-like, about 5.75X as long as width (23∶4), longer obviously than club (23∶19); pedicel long conical, 2.6X as long as width (13∶5); annelli 2, the 2nd one closely appressed to the base of funicle segment; funicle single with partially divided segment, which 1.3X as long as width (9∶7) and distinctly shorter than pedicel (9∶13); club long conical, 2.4X as long as width (19∶8) and shorter than scape (19∶23); besides 6 and 11 placoid sensilla (PLS), there were some basiconic peg sensilla (BPS) and numerous short, fine chaetica sensilla (ChS) on both funicle and club.

1.Body; 2.Fore wing; 3.Antenna.

Mesosoma distinctly shorter than metasoma, about half the length of metasoma (55∶102); disk of propodeum with diamond-shaped sculptures; mesophragma broad, divided into 2 lobes terminally and extend 1/3 of the metasoma (32∶102). Fore wing (Fig.1) about twice longer than width (122∶60), venation about 0.42X of wing length (51∶122), between the base of marginal vein and apex of premarginal vein distinctly less sclerotized, light in colour; stigmal vein short, the length ratio of submarginal, premarginal, marginal and stigmal veins as 25∶8∶13∶5; discal cilia dense and arranged irregularly, except the bases of median vein track (M) and anal vein track (A) poorly indicated, the cross vein track (m-cu) absent; marginal fringe short, the longest ones about 0.13X of wing width (8∶60). Hind wing distinctly shorter than fore wing (84∶122), 12X as long as width (84∶ 7), venations about half of the wing length (41∶84), with 3 rows of discal cilia; the longest marginal fringes about 1.3X as long as the wing width (9∶7). Legs normal, the relative length of each segments as in Table 1.

Table 1　Relative length of leg segments

Metasoma cylindrate, slightly longer than the head and mesosoma combined together (102∶96), each tergum reticulated. Ovipositor developed, projecting from middle of the metasoma, about 0.7X as long as metasoma (70∶102) and about 1.67X length of the hind tibia (70∶42), slightly exsert beyond the apex of the metasoma.

Male: unknown.

Holotype: ♀, Danzhou, Hainan Province, China, June 2005, ZHANG Duanzhang collected by sweeping.

Host: Unknown.

Distribution: China (Danzhou, Hainan Province).

Etymology: The name is composed of Latin words: “l(fā)ongi-” means “l(fā)ong” and “-scapiformus” means “scape”, referring to the new species with long scape.

Remarks: This species is similar toC.occidentalisDoutt, but the scape of the new species is significantly longer than club, and ovipositor project from middle of metasoma; while the latter with scape and club subequal and ovipositor exert from basal of metasoma.

2.2Chaetogrammalongifuniculatus, sp. nov.

1.Fore wing; 2.Hind wing; 3.Antenna.Fig.2　Chaetogramma longifuniculatus, sp.nov. (♀)

Female. Body length 0.99 mm. Body colour dark yellow-brown, except most of marginal vein brown, base of marginal vein and apex of premarginal vein pale yellow-brown, coxae and base of hind femur yellow-brown, gaster terga brown; fore wing disk hyaline except the area beneath stigmal and premarginal veins infuscatus.

Head almost rounded in frontal aspect, slightly wider than height (36∶30); eyes large, about 0.77X as high as head (23∶30); mandible developed, with 3 teeth at its apex; maxillary palp 1 segmented with 2 long apical setae. Antenna (Fig.2) scape long and slender, about 6.33X as long as width (19∶3); pedicel conical, 2.2X as long as width (11∶5); a single annellus closely appressed to the base of the 1st funicular segment; funicle distinctly divided into 2 segments, cylindrical, the 2nd one twice longer than the 1st one (7∶3.5), the combined length together almost equal to pedicel (10.5∶11); club long and slender conical, 3.5X as long as width (21∶6), and slightly longer than scape (21∶19) ; besides 4, 5 and 10 placoid sensilla (PLS), there were some basiconic peg sensilla (BPS) and numerous short, fine chaetica sensilla (ChS) on the 1st, 2nd funicles and club respectively.

Mesosoma obviously shorter than metasoma, about 0.68X length of metasoma (65∶95); mesoscutum and scutellum with reticular sculptures. Fore wing broadly rounded (Fig.2), about 1.73X as long as width (102∶59); venation short and thick, extending about 0.38X length of the wing (39∶102); between the base of marginal vein and apex of premarginal vein indistinctly poor sclerotized; the length ratio of submarginal, premarginal, marginal and stigmal veins as 22∶13∶13∶4; discal cilia dense and arranged irregularly, except the bases of median vein track (M) and anal vein track (A) poorly indicated, the cross vein track (m-cu) absent; marginal fringe short. Hind wing (Fig.2) shorter than fore wing obviously (87∶102), 12.43X as long as width (87∶7).

Table 2　Relative length of leg segments

Venation about 0.45X of the wing length (39∶87), with 3 rows of discal cilia; the longest marginal fringes about 1.14X as long as the wing width (8∶7). All legs with fine chaetae and hind coxa reticulate sculptures. Relative length of each leg segments listed in Table 2.

Metasoma cylindrical, almost the same as the total length of head and mesosoma (95∶94). The gaster terga without obvious sculpture but with a few chaetae. Ovipositor about 0.42X the length of metasoma (40∶95), and about 1.18X length of the hind tibia (40∶35), but not beyond the apex of metasoma.

Male: unknown.

Holotype: ♀, Sanya, Hainan Province, China. February 22, 2005, ZHANG Lixiang collected by sweeping.

Host: Unknown.

Distribution: China (Sanya, Hainan Province).

Etymology: The name consists of Latin words: “l(fā)ongi” means “l(fā)ong” and “funiculatus” means “funicle”, means that new species with longer funicle.

Remarks: This species is similar toC.hisarensisYousuf & Shafee, but distinctly differs from the latter by the longer funicle and broader fore wing.

Acknowledgements：The authors are grateful to Dr. ZHANG Lixiang and ZHANG Duanzhang for collecting specimens.

[1] DOUTT R L.Chaetogramma, a new genus of Trichogrammtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea)[J]. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 1974,50:238-242.

[2] DOUTT R L, VIGGIANI G. The classification of the Trichogrammatidae[J]. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 4th series, 1968,35:520.

[3] HAYAT M. The generaChaetogrammaandLathromeromyiaform India, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)[J]. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria ‘Filippo Silvestri’, Portici, 1981,38:73-79.

[4] YOUSUF M, SHAFEE S A. Descriptions of the two new species of Trichogrammatidae from India[J]. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique Suisse, 1985,58:303-306.

[5] YOUSUF M, SHAFEE S A. Taxonomy of Indian Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera:Chalcidoidea)[J].India J Syst Emt, 1987,4(2):55-200.

[6] YOUSUF M, SHAFEE S A. A new species ofChaetogrammaDoutt (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) from India[J]. Bulletin of Pure and Applied Sciences, 1993,12(1-2):49-50.

[7] PINTO J D, VIGGIANI G. A review of the genera of Oligositini (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) with a preliminary hypothesis of phylogenetic relationship[J]. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 2004,13(2):269-294.

[8] DE SANTIS. Afelinidos y tricograma′ tidos de la coleccio′n del Dr. Alejandro A. Ogloblin (Insecta, Hymenoptera) Ⅱ[J]. Segunda Comunicacio′n. Sesion Ordinaria del Academia Nacional de Agronomia y Veterinaria, 1997,51(8):7-17.

[9] HAYAT M. Taxonomic notes on the Indian Trichogrammatidae, with redescriptions and records of some species[J]. Oriental Insects, 2008,42:1-32.

[10] HAYAT M. A new subgenus and three new species of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from India[J]. Oriental Insects, 2008,42:117-123.

[11] VIGGIANI G. Ricerche sugli Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea. 28. Studio morfologico comparativo dell′armatura genitale esterna maschile dei Trichogrammatidae[J]. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria ‘Filippo Silvestri’, Portici, 1971,29:181-222.

[12] PINTO J D. A review of the New World genera of Trichogrammatidae (Hymenoptera)[J]. Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 2006,15(1):38-163.

[13] PANG X F, CHEN T L.Trichogrammaof China (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)[J]. Acta Entomologica Sinica, 1974,17(4):441-454.

[14] WANG Y A, HUANG J L, PANG X F. Redescription of the antenna and fore wing ofTrichogramma(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)[J]. Journal of South China Agricultral University, 1985,6(1):25-32.

(責(zé)任編輯:葉濟(jì)蓉)

2015-11-16

2016-07-10

國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(30270177, 30499341).

田洪霞(1980-)，女，講師,博士.研究方向：赤眼蜂、纓小蜂分類.Email: 373384833@qq.com.通訊作者林乃銓(1948-)，男，教授.研究方向：昆蟲分類學(xué)、害蟲生物防治.Email: green48@163.com.

Q969.54+5.3

A

1671-5470(2016)05-0510-06

10.13323/j.cnki.j.fafu(nat.sci.).2016.05.006

中國新記錄屬——毛紋赤眼蜂屬及兩新種描述(膜翅目：赤眼蜂科)

田洪霞1, 林乃銓2

(1.濰坊職業(yè)學(xué)院農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)院，山東 濰坊 261041；2.福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)生物防治研究所，福建 福州 350002)

記敘了采自我國海南的毛紋赤眼蜂屬，此為本屬在中國的首次報(bào)道.同時(shí)描述2個(gè)新種：長柄毛紋赤眼蜂C.longiscapiformus, sp. nov.和長索毛紋赤眼蜂C.longifuniculatus, sp. nov.，并附它們的主要形態(tài)特征圖.模式標(biāo)本保存于福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)生物防治研究所.

赤眼蜂科; 毛紋赤眼蜂屬; 中國新記錄屬; 新種; 海南