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      管·白塔寺,北京,中國(guó)

      2016-10-18 05:31:20建筑設(shè)計(jì)眾建筑
      世界建筑 2016年4期
      關(guān)鍵詞:白塔寺外立面風(fēng)管

      建筑設(shè)計(jì):眾建筑

      Architects: people's Architecture Office

      管·白塔寺,北京,中國(guó)

      建筑設(shè)計(jì):眾建筑

      Architects: people's Architecture Office

      1.2外立面/Facades

      白塔寺區(qū)域作為北京市舊城更新的新來(lái)者,在北京設(shè)計(jì)周期間設(shè)置了臨時(shí)信息中心來(lái)展示其更新策略。我們使用了風(fēng)管這一隨處可見的設(shè)備材料來(lái)制作這一區(qū)域的標(biāo)識(shí)與一整套展示家具。

      其中外立面“白塔寺”3個(gè)超大漢字使得公眾能以不同方式立刻與這整個(gè)區(qū)域的空間產(chǎn)生互動(dòng),遠(yuǎn)可作為標(biāo)識(shí)被看到,近可利用內(nèi)置的6組潛望鏡看到700年前的白塔寺,看到1950年代的社會(huì)主義大樓,看到街道行人,以及二層上的AA建筑訪校的上課場(chǎng)景與3D打印機(jī)打印制作場(chǎng)景 。同時(shí),這組裝置的底部還可作為街道沙發(fā),供人休息與觀看折射鏡面。

      根據(jù)展示的不同要求,在不同樓層,利用風(fēng)管設(shè)計(jì)制作了互為組合的展臺(tái)與展板系統(tǒng),以及吧臺(tái),座椅與休息接待臺(tái)等家具。其中展臺(tái)展板系統(tǒng)能夠調(diào)整角度與方向,以滿足不同參展人的需求。還有為了滿足英國(guó)AA建筑訪校的課程活動(dòng)要求而制作的桌椅,可供單獨(dú)小組分散使用,也可以拼合上課會(huì)議使用。

      Tubular Baitasi is a visitor center, used as event and exhibition space showcasing regeneration strategies for the Baitasi historic district during Beijing Design Week. The center is housed in a multistory building that uses ubiquitous HVAC metal ducts as a type of architectural vernacular.

      The design of the fa?ades aims to engage the public in various ways. The fa?ade features a building-size sign that spells out the Chinese word 白塔寺(White pagoda Temple), ensuring the main entrance to the neighborhood is visible from distance. Integrated into the sign are periscopes that link the street front to other locations. passers-by can look into the ducts and catch the profile of the 700-year-old White pagoda Temple and the people's Commune Building which is an experimental housing complex in the 1950s. The ducts also extend out from the building onto the sidewalk to form public seating.

      The fa?ades also connect the public with the interior through one periscope that peers into the second floor of the building to show the teaching space of the Architecture Association and a 3D print shop. The interior also includes exhibition spaces and an auditorium furnished with ducts made in the form of donut-shaped seating, stools, adjustable tables and panel displays.

      1-社會(huì)主義大樓/The people's commune

      2-街道-二層讀書區(qū)/Street view/Reading area

      3-街道兩側(cè)/Sidewalk

      4-白塔寺/Baitasi white pagoda temple

      5-桂林米粉-二層教室/Guilin noodle restaurant/Classroom

      北島,原名趙振開,1949年生于北京,做過(guò)建筑工人、編輯和自由撰稿人。其詩(shī)歌寫作始于1970年,1978年在北京創(chuàng)辦地下文學(xué)雜志《今天》,擔(dān)任主編至今。自1987年起在歐洲和北美居住并任教。

      6-街道沙發(fā)/Street furniture

      3潛望鏡和家具示意/Diagram of periscopes and furniture

      4-7外立面潛望鏡/Facade periscope

      8外立面街道家具/Facade street furniture

      項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

      客戶/Client: 北京設(shè)計(jì)周/Beijing Design Week

      主持建筑師/principal Architects: 何哲,沈海恩,臧峰/HE Zhe, James Shen, ZANG Feng

      建筑面積/Floor Area: 1000m2

      設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Deisgn Date: 2015.08

      竣工時(shí)間/Complete Date: 2015.09

      材料/Material: 鍍鋅鐵皮/Galvanised iron

      攝影/photos: 眾建筑,趙力群/people's Architecture Office,ZHAO Liqun

      1 該項(xiàng)目及周邊區(qū)域此前面臨的突出問(wèn)題是什么?

      白塔寺區(qū)域經(jīng)歷了多年的保護(hù)政策,近期開始注重保護(hù)與設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)新并重,也希望能迅速地展示出這種態(tài)度與能力。而項(xiàng)目建筑本身是一個(gè)異常普通的多層建筑,毫無(wú)特點(diǎn)可言,之前為辦公建筑,改造為區(qū)域信息中心,具有展示、活動(dòng)、形象等多樣化的要求。

      2 采用了哪些方法解決或改善這些問(wèn)題?

      我們想制造出一個(gè)“形象”,關(guān)于白塔寺地區(qū)的形象,能夠迅速清晰地展現(xiàn)出這個(gè)區(qū)域的品牌,最終采用了“白塔寺”3個(gè)漢字。我們想利用這個(gè)“形象”來(lái)讓外來(lái)人了解這個(gè)區(qū)域,讓當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窳私庑迈r事物,所以這個(gè)形象被設(shè)計(jì)為一系列潛望鏡,能夠遠(yuǎn)望700年前的白塔寺與1950年代的人民公社大樓,也能夠探望建筑物內(nèi)部的展覽和教室與街道上的行人。最后我們還希望人們能夠真正使用這個(gè)“形象”,所以將“塔”與“寺”字的最下端設(shè)計(jì)為可以坐的座椅,成為城市沙發(fā),方便行人休息閑坐。

      3 在設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施過(guò)程中最大的困難是什么?如何應(yīng)對(duì)?

      超短時(shí)間與設(shè)計(jì)制作安裝正常所需時(shí)間的矛盾是最大的困難。最終利用預(yù)制工業(yè)化的優(yōu)勢(shì)化解了這一難題。

      材料選用常見的通風(fēng)管道,利用其現(xiàn)有的成熟工藝選配與調(diào)整我們需要的管形。多個(gè)工廠協(xié)同生產(chǎn),快速制作,運(yùn)至現(xiàn)場(chǎng)后多人安裝,因?yàn)榻涌诎惭b簡(jiǎn)易,所以也能夠在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)高質(zhì)量地完成。

      4 通過(guò)此項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì),該地區(qū)的空間品質(zhì)獲得了怎樣的提升?

      對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō),最有效的提升是讓當(dāng)?shù)鼐用衽c外來(lái)者獲得了互相溝通的可能,這是對(duì)這個(gè)區(qū)域最好的更新。另外是增加了該地區(qū)的可識(shí)別性,讓“白塔寺”的名字進(jìn)入到城市空間,成為城市家具的一部分,并通過(guò)視覺游戲增加人們和城市空間的互動(dòng),讓人們能真正參與到城市空間中來(lái)。

      5 居住者、使用者的反饋是怎樣的?

      大爺遛狗時(shí)能坐著歇會(huì)兒,同時(shí)在管子里看看二樓AA訪校里如火如荼的設(shè)計(jì)匯報(bào)課;文藝青年來(lái)逛胡同看展覽,沒(méi)想到能在管子里看到街道上打牌的大媽們;金融街的白領(lǐng)們中午來(lái)吃飯,不留神在管子里看到了白塔寺;這些蒙太奇般的拼貼場(chǎng)景所帶來(lái)的驚奇與再理解就是對(duì)我們這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)最大的反饋。

      9.10二層展覽空間/Exhibition space on floor 1

      11二層展覽軸測(cè)/Axonometric of exhibiton space on floor 1

      12二層AA訪校上課/AA classroom on floor 1

      13一層入口/Entrance on floor 0

      14地下室講堂/Basement auditorium

      15家具拆解示意/Exploded view of furniture

      評(píng)論

      魏春雨:該項(xiàng)目改造通過(guò)對(duì)舊建筑界面的復(fù)合化處理,“活化”了原有立面,并以此為平臺(tái)展開空間外的互動(dòng)及公眾參與活動(dòng)。設(shè)計(jì)在形式語(yǔ)言上轉(zhuǎn)換了兩個(gè)要素:其一是用通風(fēng)管來(lái)做建構(gòu)材料,其二是把漢字的“象形”轉(zhuǎn)換為建筑造型直喻語(yǔ)言,雖易與大眾認(rèn)知對(duì)接,產(chǎn)生戲劇性效果,但涉及建筑語(yǔ)言的原真性還是應(yīng)理性對(duì)待。

      范路:“管·白塔寺”是一個(gè)呈現(xiàn)多重意義的藝術(shù)裝置。它以風(fēng)管為基本要素,通過(guò)巧妙的形態(tài)構(gòu)成和建筑連接,激活了北京舊城中一座破敗的現(xiàn)代主義建筑。在建筑外部,風(fēng)管沿外墻向上爬行,構(gòu)成了漢字“白塔寺”,形成了街區(qū)的新標(biāo)識(shí)。對(duì)街道活動(dòng)來(lái)說(shuō),風(fēng)管標(biāo)識(shí)不僅底部成為街道座椅供人休憩,其自身還充當(dāng)潛望鏡,將各種城市意象“收納”到街道上。由此,該裝置為人們帶來(lái)了有關(guān)街區(qū)的多維認(rèn)知。而在建筑內(nèi)部,風(fēng)管充當(dāng)各種家具,并以雕塑般的造型成為視覺焦點(diǎn)。

      Comments

      WEI Chunyu: By complex treatment of the old architecture's interface, this project has vitalized the original facade and also acted as a platform to hold outdoor interactivities and public participations. This design has transformed two elements in terms of formal language: the first is to use air pipe as construction material, and the second is to transform hieroglyphs of Chinese characters into visualized architectural language. Although it is easy to connect with public recognitions and cause dramatic effect, the originality of architectural language still need to be treated with rationality in design practice.

      FAN Lu: The Tubular Baitasi project could be regarded as a work of installation art which presents multiple meanings. With its ingenious construction of HVAC metal ducts and connection with architectural space,the installation reactivates a dilapidated modernistic building in a Beijing historic district. The ducts climbing along the fa?ade spell out the Chinese name of this neighborhood - "White pagoda Temple", and produce a building-size logo visible from a distance. Moreover, the ducts not only extends onto the sidewalk to form public seating but also functions as periscopes that link the street front to other locations. passers-by can look into the ducts and find views of landmarks nearby. The installation thus brings about the multidimensional cognition of this neighborhood. While inside the building, the ducts serve as different types of furniture and become the visual attraction with their sculpture-like forms.

      Tubular Baitasi, Beijing, China, 2015

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