牛臨生 解軍軍(臨汾市人民醫(yī)院口腔科,山西 臨汾 041000)
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濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子聯(lián)合Bio-oss骨粉促進(jìn)骨缺損愈合的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
牛臨生 解軍軍
(臨汾市人民醫(yī)院口腔科,山西 臨汾 041000)
【摘要】目的 探究濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子(concentrated growth factors,CGF)聯(lián)合Bio-oss骨粉是否能促進(jìn)骨缺損的愈合。方法 選擇新西蘭白兔16只,在它們的顱蓋骨上分別制備2個(gè)直徑為3 mm圓形骨缺損。實(shí)驗(yàn)組:在制備的骨缺損處植入CGF+Bio-oss骨粉,對(duì)照組只植入Bio-oss骨粉,于術(shù)后4、8周,取標(biāo)本,并從大體、X線、組織學(xué)等方面觀察骨缺損的愈合情況。采用SPSS17.0軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。結(jié)果 實(shí)驗(yàn)組骨缺損愈合的效果明顯高于對(duì)照組,兩組相比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子聯(lián)合Bio-oss骨粉能明顯促進(jìn)骨缺損的愈合,縮短愈合時(shí)間。
【關(guān)鍵詞】濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子(CGF);骨缺損;骨愈合
濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子(CGF)是自體血液經(jīng)過(guò)特殊離心后所獲得的血小板濃縮物,含有多種生長(zhǎng)因子以及纖維蛋白[1]。Bio-oss骨粉是一種骨移植材料,可為成骨細(xì)胞提供骨架,從而促進(jìn)骨缺損的愈合。本實(shí)驗(yàn)將濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子(CGF)聯(lián)合Bio-oss骨粉植入骨缺損區(qū),觀察骨愈合的情況。
1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象:新西蘭白兔16只,雄性,6月齡,體質(zhì)量2.0~2.5 kg,隨機(jī)分為4組。
1.2 試劑和器材:Bio-oss骨粉(Geistlich,瑞士)、Medifuge離心機(jī)(Silfradent,意大利)等。
1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
1.3.1 CGF的制備:將兔子的靜脈血放入離心機(jī)中,特殊離心后血液分為3層,最底層為紅細(xì)胞、血小板,中間層為纖維蛋白層(內(nèi)含高濃度的濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子CGF),最上層為血清。
1.3.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)方法:選新西蘭大白兔16只,在兔子的顱頂骨上制備直徑為3 mm的2個(gè)圓形骨缺損。實(shí)驗(yàn)組:骨缺損處植入CGF+Bio-oss骨粉,對(duì)照組只植入Bio-oss骨粉。于術(shù)后4、8周分別處死8只兔子取標(biāo)本。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法:采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理,數(shù)據(jù)均以(±s)表示,兩組的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果采用配對(duì)t檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 大體觀察:實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物全身狀況良好,創(chuàng)口均愈合,同時(shí)間點(diǎn)兩組相比,實(shí)驗(yàn)組較對(duì)照組骨愈合更加平整。
2.2 X線觀察:術(shù)后4周,兩組骨缺損區(qū)所測(cè)得的灰度值開(kāi)始升高;術(shù)后8周兩組骨缺損區(qū)所測(cè)得的灰度值逐漸與周圍成熟骨組織接近,相同時(shí)間點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)組灰度值均高于對(duì)照組。
2.3 組織學(xué)觀察:術(shù)后4周,實(shí)驗(yàn)組骨缺損區(qū)可見(jiàn)成骨細(xì)胞、新生骨組織、新生毛細(xì)血管及新生骨小梁;對(duì)照組骨缺損區(qū)也可見(jiàn)成骨現(xiàn)象,但成骨細(xì)胞及新生血管密度較少,纖維組織較多。術(shù)后8周,實(shí)驗(yàn)組骨缺損區(qū)有大量新生骨組織及骨小梁;對(duì)照組可見(jiàn)大量新生編織骨,但并未連成片,骨小梁結(jié)構(gòu)細(xì)小、散亂。
2.4 新生骨面積定量分析:術(shù)后4、8周實(shí)驗(yàn)組新生骨面積大于對(duì)照組,兩組相比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表1。
表1 不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)新生骨面積所占百分比(±s,%)
表1 不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)新生骨面積所占百分比(±s,%)
組別 4周 8周實(shí)驗(yàn)組 59.41±0.66 71.25±2.55對(duì)照組 52.16±1.18 62.96±2.46 t 26.019 16.534 P <0.001 ?。?.001
CGF中含有高濃度的濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子及纖維蛋白。濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子包括血小板衍化生長(zhǎng)因子、轉(zhuǎn)移生長(zhǎng)因子-β、成纖維細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子、類胰島素生長(zhǎng)因子、血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子、表皮生長(zhǎng)因子等[2]。其中血小板衍化生長(zhǎng)因子能顯著促進(jìn)骨髓基質(zhì)干細(xì)胞的有絲分裂,進(jìn)而增加成骨細(xì)胞的數(shù)量,促進(jìn)移植區(qū)的毛細(xì)血管生長(zhǎng)[3]。轉(zhuǎn)移生長(zhǎng)因子-β可促進(jìn)成骨前體細(xì)胞的有絲分裂,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)骨細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育[4]。類胰島素生長(zhǎng)因子也可促進(jìn)成骨細(xì)胞的有絲分裂,此外還可促進(jìn)皮膚、骨骼及神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育[5]。血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子通過(guò)增強(qiáng)血管的通透性,促進(jìn)新生毛細(xì)血管形成,提高堿性磷酸酶的表達(dá),促進(jìn)成骨細(xì)胞的分化,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)骨折愈合[6]。除了生長(zhǎng)因子外,CGF中還含有豐富的纖維蛋白,成骨細(xì)胞、紅細(xì)胞、白細(xì)胞、血小板通過(guò)纖維蛋白原分子(FG)的聚合作用迅速增殖。特別是它與骨移植材料如Bio-oss聯(lián)合后,會(huì)使引導(dǎo)骨再生的作用更加持續(xù)。
本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)論表明,濃縮生長(zhǎng)因子聯(lián)合Bio-oss骨粉植入骨缺損區(qū),能顯著誘導(dǎo)骨組織的再生,提高骨愈合質(zhì)量。其中,Bio-oss骨粉在骨缺損愈合過(guò)程中起一個(gè)支架作用,而CGF是促進(jìn)骨愈合的關(guān)鍵因素,但其作用機(jī)制還不完全清楚,有待進(jìn)一步研究。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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中圖分類號(hào):R683
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:B
文章編號(hào):1671-8194(2016)16-0017-02
The Study of the Concentrated Growth Factors and Bio-oss Bone Meal on Promoting the Healing of Bone Defect
NIU Lin-sheng, XIE Jun-jun
(Department of Stomatology, Linfen City People's Hospital, Linfen 041000, China)
[Abstract]Objective To investigate the concentrated growth factors and Bio-oss bone meal on promoting the healing of bone defect. Methods Selecting sixteen New Zealand white rabbits, each of whose cranium bones were performed two round, 3 mm diameter, bone defects. The experimental group: the concentrated growth factors (CGF) and Bio-oss bone meal were implanted around the prepared bone defect. Control group: only implant Bio-oss bone meal. At the 4, 8 weeks, to observe the healing of bone defect by the shape, histology and X-Ray. Statistical analysis was conducted for the data by SPSS17.0 software. Results The experimental group was better than the control group. There were statistical significance between the experimental group and control group (P<0.05). Conclusion CGF and Bio-oss bone meal can facilitate the healing of bone tissue defect and Shorten the healing time.
[Key words]Concentrated growth factors (CGF); Bone defects; Bone healing