• <tr id="yyy80"></tr>
  • <sup id="yyy80"></sup>
  • <tfoot id="yyy80"><noscript id="yyy80"></noscript></tfoot>
  • 99热精品在线国产_美女午夜性视频免费_国产精品国产高清国产av_av欧美777_自拍偷自拍亚洲精品老妇_亚洲熟女精品中文字幕_www日本黄色视频网_国产精品野战在线观看 ?

    Effect of vitamin D3 on maturation and antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells treated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

    2016-07-07 09:02:47ChunYuLiuZeHuaZhangHuiFengYangXuHuiFeiFanChengJianZhongXuNoHospitalofPeopleLiberationArmyLiaoning000ChinaDepartmentofOrthopedicsSouthwestHospitalThirdMilitaryMedicalChongqing40008ChinaDepartmentofOrthopedicsGeneralHo
    關鍵詞:意義差異分析

    Chun-Yu Liu, Ze-Hua Zhang, Hui-Feng Yang, Xu Hui, Fei-Fan Cheng, Jian-Zhong Xu*No 0 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Liaoning 000, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics,Southwest Hospital,Third Military Medical, Chongqing 40008, ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military, Liaoning 006, China

    ?

    Effect of vitamin D3 on maturation and antigen-presenting function of dendritic cells treated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

    Chun-Yu Liu1, Ze-Hua Zhang2, Hui-Feng Yang3, Xu Hui1, Fei-Fan Cheng2, Jian-Zhong Xu2*
    1No 202 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Liaoning 110003, China
    2Department of Orthopedics,Southwest Hospital,Third Military Medical, Chongqing 400038, China
    3Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Shenyang Military, Liaoning 110016, China

    ABSTRACT

    Objective: To investigate the phenotypic characteristics and functional capability differences of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence or absence of vitamin D3. Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived cells were cultured with GM-CSF (20 ng/mL). Then, one was added with 100 nmol/L of 25(OH)D3, while the other did not. On day 6, 5 μg/mL of BCG was added to stimulate the cells for 24 h. On day 7, suspension cells were harvested for phenotypic and functional analyses. Results: The percentages of CD86 dendritic cells (DCs) in the control group and 25(OH)D3 group were 66.97% ± 8.29% and 52.18% ± 8.52%, respectively; the mean fluorescence intensities of MHC-Ⅱ in the control group and 25(OH)D3 group were 1 102.16 ± 371.02 and 681.62 ± 292.71. The expression levels of MHC- Ⅱ and CD86 on the surface of the DCs in 25(OH) D3 group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The ability of the DCs to stimulate proliferation of T-lymphocytes was also significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusions: These findings suggest that 25(OH)D3 modulates the immune response by affecting the maturation and function of DCs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis period.

    ARTICLE INFO

    Article history:

    Received 15 October 2015

    Received in revised form 20 November 2015

    Accepted 15 December 2015

    Available online 20 January 2016

    Keywords:

    Tel: 86-023-68754164

    E-mail: xjzslw@163.com

    1. Introduction

    Tuberculosis is a globally common disease which severely threatens human health. According to statistics, more than one million people died from tuberculosis in some years[1]. 25(OH)D3 is an important active compound of vitamin D3. It is a good index of detecting the level of vitamin D3. In 1940s, 25(OH)D3 was used to treat tuberculosis because it had a calcification effect on sites of tuberculosis disease. But with the developments and applications of anti-tuberculosis drugs, the use of 25(OH)D3 in tuberculosis therapy decreased generally[2,3]. However, problems gradually emerged in the process of using anti-tuberculosis drugs. For instance, many patients represented drug resistant tuberculosis[4,5]. Traditional antituberculosis drugs do not show satisfactory efficacy. Therefore, we rethink that whether we should reuse 25(OH)D3 to treat tuberculosis and whether we should continuously explore its action mechanism. At present, although there are lots of reports on treating tuberculosis, there is no agreement. Some reports claimed that 25(OH)D3 could not only treat tuberculosis and improve clinical efficacy, but also improve the imaging manifestations of tuberculosis patients[6]. However, some other reports argued that 25(OH)D3 had bare effects on improving clinical efficacy of tuberculosis patients[7]. Thus, the effects of 25(OH)D3 on treating tuberculosis needs further explorations.

    There were researches showing that 25(OH)D3 had participated in the occurrence of the body tuberculosis immunity[8,9]. Not long ago, literature researches revealed that 25(OH)D3 influenced theinnate immune mechanism of tuberculosis[10,11]. But there are no studies about the concrete mechanism of 25(OH)D3 in tuberculosis acquired immune. Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the process of initiating tuberculosis acquired immune[12-14]. Researches in vitro and in vivo showed that the phagocytosis function of DCs decreased and its expressions of superficial co-stimulatroy molecules and antigen-presenting molecules increased after phagocytizing mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which meant that those cells tended to be mature. When DCs are mature, the expressions of their superficial molecules increase, such as MHC-Ⅱ, MHC-Ⅰ, CD80, CD86 and so on[15,16]. In addition, the latest research showed that when antigen ESAT-6 is recognized by DCs, cell immunity response CD4+T initiates and starts to work[17]. So, there have been many reports about the effects of 25(OH)D3 in the maturity of CDs[18], but there are fewer researches about the influential mechanism of 25(OH)D3 in DCs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects.

    Hence, the main purpose of the study is to investigate the functional capability differences of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the presence or absence of vitamin D3.

    2. Materials and methods

    2.1. In vitro cultivation of DCs

    The experimental methods were acquired from adjusted Inaba. The main processes were as follows: 4-8 week-old male mice without specific pathogen were provided by Laboratory Animal Center of Third Military Medical University. After breaking necks to death, bilateral femurs and tibias were taken out and soaked in 70% of alcohol for 2 min. After that, femurs and tibias were taken out from that and soaked in uncompleted PRMI-1640-cultured medium. The process should keep aseptic strictly. Then both ends of the femurs and tibias were cut and the bone marrow cells were washed out by sterile syringe which had absorbed the uncompleted PRMI-1640-cultured medium. The bone marrow cells were centrifuged with speed of 1 200 rpm for 8 min after blowing and beating evenly. Then, they were cultivated in the completed PRMI-1640-cultured medium after discarding the supernatants and suspended again. According to a density of 2.5 × 105/mL, they were inoculated 24-pore plates (0.5 mL a pore) after adding 20 ng/mL of rmGM-CSF cytokines into them. Then, 100 nmol/L of 25(OH)D3 were added into group 25(OH)D3. The control group did not. On the next day, 0.4 mL cultured medium were suctioned out from the 24-pore plates and supplemented completed PRMI-1640-cultured medium with 20 ng/mL of rmGM-CSF. On the fourth day, 0.25 mL cultured medium were suctioned out; cells were collected by centrifugation and suspended again in 24-pore plates by 0.25 mL fresh completed PRMI-1640-cultured medium with 20 ng/mL of rmGM-CSF. On the sixth day, cells were collected and suspended by centrifugation according the methods of day four and were made to be mature by stimulation of 5 μg/mL of BCG after resuspension. On day seven, the mature DCs were collected and invert microscope was used to observe the morphologies of DCs at all states.

    2.2. Analysis and identification of the flow cytometric phenotype of DCs

    DCs which had cultivated to the last day were centrifuged with the speed of 800 rpm/min for 10 min; the supernatants were discarded again; then, PBS was used to wash them to make sure the density of cells was 5 × 105/mL. Next, 0.5 μL of FITC-labelled CD11C, CD86, CD80 and MHC-Ⅱwere respectively added into them and used to make isotype control. After mixing evenly, they were placed in 4 ℃ dark environment for 30 min; then, they were taken out, washed and tested by flow cytometry finally.

    2.3. Mixed lymphocytes reaction

    After putting those mice to death, their spleens were taken out immediately. Fewer RPMI 1640 cultured medium were added into it and monocytes were separated and then mixed lymphocytes were separated. It then became allogeneic mixed T- lymphocytes after being cultivated in the 37 ℃ incubator with 5% CO2for 4 h. According to the four cells proportions 1:200, 1:100, 1:50 and 1:20, mature DCs were used to make mixed- lymphocytes reaction with CD4+T in 96-pores plate. There were three complex pores of each group to cultivate for 96 h and 37kBq 3H2TdR was added to cultivate for 16 h according to the standard of 1 μ Ci a pore. The value of cpm was detected by liquid scintillation counter.

    2.4. Lacks of mice model building and the detections of CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells of 25(OH)D3

    BALB/C mice were divided randomly into 25(OH)D3 and the control groups. Mice in 25(OH)D3 group were fed with normal fodders with vitamin D and given lights in the day and no lights at nights. Mice in the control group, however, were fed with fodders without vitamin D, covered with blackout fabric and given yellow light (without ultraviolet ray) in the day and no lights at nights. Mice of both groups were fed for 12 weeks. Ten of them were randomly taken out and 0.05 mg of BCG was injected into tail vein of then. Then, they were taken back to the previous environment to be continuously fed for 6 weeks. After that, they were broken necks to death to make lymphocytes suspension; 360 μL of splenic lymphocytes suspensions were absorbed and placed in two EP tubes respectively with 18 μL of each tube. Rabbit antimouse CD3e-PE and CD4-FITC were added into one tube. In the other tube, rabbit antimouse CD3e-PE and CD8-FITC were added into it, which wasthe control group. Both were analyzed by flow cytometer.

    2.5. Statistical analysis

    SPSS17.0 was used to make statistical analysis. Mean ± standard deviation was used to represented expression quantity of DCs’surface molecules, mean fluorescent intensity and the level of T-cells’multiplication. t-test was used to make intergroup comparison. Percentage form was used to show the positive rate of DCs’ surface molecules.

    3. Results

    3.1. Morphology of DCs

    After two days of cultivation, fewer short and small dendritic protrusions could be observed on some DCs’ surface; after six days of cultivation, it could be observed that the number of dendritic protrusions increased and there were agglomerate cell colonies in some parts. There were many longer and mature DCs releasing nearly those cell colonies. On day seven, the volumes of those DCs increased and protrusions became more and longer (Figure 1).

    Figure 1. Morphology of DCs.

    3.2. Phenotypic analysis of DCs

    The averages of the positive rates of CD11C, MHC-Ⅱ, CD86 and CD80 were 89.73%, 94.17%, 69.12% and 92.16%; the positive rates and purity of DCs were pretty low. It indicated that the differentiated and mature abilities of separated-cultured DCs were comparatively ideal and could be used for the subsequent experiences and researches.

    3.3. Inhibited DCs from mature by 25(OH)D3

    The expression of CD86 of the control group was significantly higher than that of the 25(OH)D3 (P < 0.05) (Figure 2, Table 1). Among them, the average of fluorescence intensity of MHC-Ⅱ in the control group was significantly higher than that in 25(OH)D3 (P < 0.05) (Figure 3, Table 2).

    Figure 2. Expressions of CD86 in the control group and 25(OH)D3.

    Figure 3. Expressions of MHC-Ⅱ in the control group and 25(OH)D3.

    Table 1 Expressions of CD11C, MHC-Ⅱ, CD80 and CD86 between the two groups (%).

    Table 2 Average flurescence intensities of CD11C, MHC-Ⅱ, CD80 and CD86 between the two groups.

    3.4. Inhibited antigen presenting function of DCs by 25(OH) D3

    Compared with group 25(OH)D3, the DCs of the control group significantly improved the multiplication level of CD4+T cells (Figure 4).

    Figure 4. Multiplication levels of CD4+T cells of the two groups were compared.*P < 0.05.

    3.5. Effect of 25(OH)D3 in distribution of CD4+T and CD8+T

    The results showed that the accounts for CD4+T cells of the control group were significantly higher than those of 25(OH) D3 (P < 0.05). The values of CD4+T/CD8+T in 25(OH)D3 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05)( Table 3).

    Table 3 Effect of 25(OH)D3 in the distribution of CD4+T and CD8+T.

    4. Discussion

    Former studies showed that 25(OH)D3 deficiency had a close relation with tuberculosis susceptibility[19]. However, there are few researches on genic polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility of vitamin D receptor TaqI and FokI and there are still some disagreements[20-22]. Therefore, a further study of the action mechanism of vitamin D3 in tuberculosis therapy is very important. Immunity in tuberculosis includes innate immunity and acquired immune. Many studies have reported that 25(OH)D3 influences the concrete mechanism of its innate immunity[23]. Nevertheless, studies about the effect of 25(OH)D3 in tuberculosis acquired immune are not deep-going enough. In the procedure of T cells activation by tuberculosis infection, DCs play a very important role there. Studies have shown that 100 nmol/L is in the normal range of physiological concentration of 25(OH)D3. Deficiency of vitamin D3 refers to the lack of 25(OH)D3, so studies on the effects of 25(OH)D3 in DCs remain extremely important[3]. In this study, we mainly investigate the changes of DCs’ phenotypes and functions after those DCs become mature by the stimulation of 5 μg/mL of BCG with the presence of 100 nmol/L of 25(OH)D3.

    Compared with the control group, we found that the positive rate of CD86 of DCs’ surfaces in group 25(OH)D3 significantly decreased, while the rate of CD11C, CD80 and MHC-Ⅱ in the two groups showed no obvious differences. Besides, the average fluorescence intensity of MHC-Ⅱ in the control group was significantly higher than in group 25(OH)D3. CD11C is an important tagged molecule of the detection of DCs, while CD80, CD86 and MHC-Ⅱ are superficial co-stimulatory molecules in the procedure of differentiation of DCs. The data of the study showed that 25(OH)D3 deceased the expressions of MHC-Ⅱ and CD86. There were researches showing that the decreases of MHC-Ⅱ and CD86 were common features of functional damages of DCs in all kinds of 25(OH)D3 models[24]. This study data also manifested that 25(OH)D3 could not only inhibit DCs from maturity, but also weaken its antigen-presenting capacity.

    What’s more, BCG was used to stimulate the two groups in the study. Compared with the control group, we found that the percentages of CD4+T and CD8+T cells in group 25(OH)D3 significantly decreased, while the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T increased obviously. These data indicated that lack of 25(OH)D3 could promote BCG to produce a stronger immune response in bodies, which consistently matched with the in vitro experiment that 25(OH)D3 could weaken the antigen-presenting capacity of DCs and inhibit the T cells from proliferation. The decrease of the ratio of CD4+T/CD8+T in the control group was a main manifestation of immune damage in tuberculosis patients.

    In conclusion, it is found in this study that 100 nmol/L of 25(OH) D3 decreases the expressions of DCs’ superficial co-stimulatory molecules MHC-Ⅱ and CD86 so as to weaken the antigenpresenting capacity of DCs and inhibit the T cells from proliferation. Further researches about the effects of 100 nmol/L of 25(OH)D3 on in vivo DCs of patients infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis are conductive to the achievement of a new tuberculosis therapy project.

    Conflict of interest statement

    We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

    References

    [1]Gupta AM, Bhattacharya S, Bagchi A, Mandal S. Implication from thepredicted docked interaction of sigma H and exploration of its interaction with RNA polymerase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Bioinformation 2015; 11(6): 296-301.

    [2]Coussens AK, Wilkinson RJ, Martineau AR. Phenylbutyrate is bacteriostatic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and regulates the macrophage response to infection, synergistically with 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3). PLoS Pathog 2015; 11(7): e1005007.

    [3]Yang HF, Zhang ZH, Xiang LB, Tang KL, Luo F, Liu CY, et al. 25(OH) D(3) affects the maturation and function of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated by Mycobacterium bovis BCG. PLoS One 2012; 7(11): e48062.

    [4]Torres JN, Paul LV, Rodwell TC, Victor TC, Amallraja AM, Elghraoui A, et al. Novel katG mutations causing isoniazid resistance in clinical M. tuberculosis isolates. Emerg Microbes Infect 2015; 4(7): e42.

    [5]Villa-Rosas C, Laniado-Laborin R, Oceguera-Palao L. Primary drug resistance in a region with high burden of tuberculosis: A critical problem. Salud Publica Mex 2015; 57(2): 177-179.

    [6]Nursyam EW, Amin Z, Rumende CM. The effect of vitamin D as supplementary treatment in patients with moderately advanced pulmonary tuberculous lesion. Acta Med Indones 2006; 38(1): 3-5.

    [7]Wejse C, Gomes VF, Rabna P, Gustafson P, Aaby P, Lisse IM, et al. Vitamin D as supplementary treatment for tuberculosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 179(9): 843-850.

    [8]Sato S, Tanino Y, Saito J, Nikaido T, Inokoshi Y, Fukuhara A, et al. Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and treatment course of pulmonary tuberculosis. Respir Investig 2012; 50(2): 40-45.

    [9]Koo HK, Lee JS, Jeong YJ, Choi SM, Kang HJ, Lim HJ, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and changes in serum vitamin D levels with treatment among tuberculosis patients in South Korea. Respirology 2012; 17(5): 808-813.

    采用SPSS11.0統(tǒng)計軟件進行分析,計量資料以(±s)描述,采用兩獨立樣本t檢驗。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。

    [10]Selvaraj P, Harishankar M, Afsal K. Vitamin D: Immuno-modulation and tuberculosis treatment. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93(5): 377-384.

    [11]Larcombe L, Orr P, Turner-Brannen E, Slivinski CR, Nickerson PW, Mookherjee N. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced innate immune responses in a Canadian Dene First Nations cohort. PLoS One 2012; 7(7): e40692.

    [12]Wheat WH, Dhouib R, Angala SK, Larrouy-Maumus G, Dobos K, Nigouet J, et al. The presence of a galactosamine substituent on the arabinogalactan of Mycobacterium tuberculosis abrogates full maturation of human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells and increases secretion of IL-10. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2015; 95(4): 476-489.

    [13]Choi HG, Kim WS, Back YW, Kim HM, Kwon KW, Kim JS, et al. Mycobacterium tuberculosis RpfE promotes simultaneous Th1- and Th17-type T-cell immunity via TLR4-dependent maturation of dendritic cells. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45(7): 1957-1971.

    [14]Kim HY, Kang HK, Cho J, Jung ID, Yoon GY, Lee MG, et al. Heat shock protein X purified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis enhances the efficacy of dendritic cells-based immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic asthma. BMB Rep 2015; 48(3): 178-183.

    [15]Vega-Ramos J, Roquilly A, Zhan YF, Young LJ, Mintern JD, Viilladangos JA. Inflammation conditions mature dendritic cells to retain the capacity to present new antigens but with altered cytokine secretion function. J Immunol 2014; 193(8): 3851-3859.

    [16]Leplina OY, Tyrinova TV, Tikhonova MA, Ostanin AA, Chernykh ER. Interferon alpha induces generation of semi-mature dendritic cells with high pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential. Cytokine 2015; 71(1): 1-7.

    [18]Al-Jaderi Z, Maghazachi AA. Effects of vitamin D3, calcipotriol and FTY720 on the expression of surface molecules and cytolytic activities of human natural killer cells and dendritic cells. Toxins (Basel) 2013; 5(11): 1932-1947.

    [19]Aranow C. Vitamin D and the immune system . J Investig Med 2011; 59(6): 881-886.

    [20]Sun YP, Cai QS. Vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility: a meta-analysis. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14(2): 6156-6163.

    [21]Sinaga BY, Amin M, Siregar Y, Saurumpaet SM. Correlation between Vitamin D receptor gene FOKI and BSMI polymorphisms and the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis in an Indonesian Batak-ethnic population. Acta Med Indones 2014; 46(4): 275-282.

    [22]Joshi L, Ponnana M, Penmetsa SR, Nallari P, Valluri V, Gaddam S. Serum vitamin D levels and VDR polymorphisms (BsmI and FokI) in patients and their household contacts susceptible to tuberculosis. Scand J Immunol 2014; 79(2): 113-119.

    [23]Price P, Haddow LJ, Affandi J, Agarwal U, Easterbrook PJ, Elliott J, et al. Short communication: Plasma levels of vitamin D in HIV patients initiating antiretroviral therapy do not predict immune restoration disease associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2012; 28(10): 1216-1219.

    [24]Rajashree P, Krishnan G, Das SD. Impaired phenotype and function of monocyte derived dendritic cells in pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2009; 89(1): 77-83.

    Contents lists available at ScienceDirect IF: 1.062
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine
    journal homepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtm

    25(OH)D3

    Dendritic cells

    Mycobacterium tuberculosis

    doi:Document heading 10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.12.011

    *Corresponding author:Xu Jian-Zhong, M.D, Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Third Military Medical University, Sichuan 400038, China.

    猜你喜歡
    意義差異分析
    一件有意義的事
    新少年(2022年9期)2022-09-17 07:10:54
    相似與差異
    音樂探索(2022年2期)2022-05-30 21:01:37
    隱蔽失效適航要求符合性驗證分析
    有意義的一天
    找句子差異
    電力系統(tǒng)不平衡分析
    電子制作(2018年18期)2018-11-14 01:48:24
    生物為什么會有差異?
    電力系統(tǒng)及其自動化發(fā)展趨勢分析
    詩里有你
    北極光(2014年8期)2015-03-30 02:50:51
    M1型、M2型巨噬細胞及腫瘤相關巨噬細胞中miR-146a表達的差異
    亚洲精品一区蜜桃| 亚洲人成网站高清观看| 亚洲av电影不卡..在线观看| 亚洲人成网站在线播| 亚洲图色成人| 亚洲久久久久久中文字幕| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 午夜精品在线福利| 国产麻豆成人av免费视频| 三级国产精品片| 精品久久久久久成人av| 国产综合懂色| 亚洲人成网站在线观看播放| 91狼人影院| 九草在线视频观看| 欧美三级亚洲精品| 22中文网久久字幕| 欧美日韩精品成人综合77777| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 午夜激情久久久久久久| 精品人妻熟女av久视频| 人人妻人人看人人澡| 91久久精品电影网| 久久久久久国产a免费观看| 亚洲四区av| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂 | 哪个播放器可以免费观看大片| 色综合站精品国产| 在线免费观看不下载黄p国产| 精品一区二区三卡| 国产一级毛片七仙女欲春2| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 午夜福利在线观看吧| 狠狠精品人妻久久久久久综合| 国产成人一区二区在线| 国产一区二区在线观看日韩| 性插视频无遮挡在线免费观看| 久热久热在线精品观看| h日本视频在线播放| 少妇被粗大猛烈的视频| 国产免费视频播放在线视频 | 在线免费观看的www视频| av国产久精品久网站免费入址| 狠狠精品人妻久久久久久综合| 国产成人freesex在线| 日本与韩国留学比较| 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出| 乱系列少妇在线播放| 免费观看精品视频网站| 男女边摸边吃奶| 国产男人的电影天堂91| 能在线免费观看的黄片| 欧美潮喷喷水| 亚洲真实伦在线观看| 综合色av麻豆| 极品教师在线视频| 在线a可以看的网站| 亚洲国产av新网站| 99久久中文字幕三级久久日本| 亚洲婷婷狠狠爱综合网| 国产一区有黄有色的免费视频 | av在线播放精品| 极品教师在线视频| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出| 秋霞在线观看毛片| 免费大片黄手机在线观看| 日本午夜av视频| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 伊人久久国产一区二区| 三级男女做爰猛烈吃奶摸视频| 精品久久久久久电影网| 五月天丁香电影| 极品少妇高潮喷水抽搐| 国产永久视频网站| 亚洲av一区综合| 一级av片app| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| 哪个播放器可以免费观看大片| 成人午夜高清在线视频| 国产 一区 欧美 日韩| 国产精品久久久久久久电影| 久久久精品94久久精品| 男人狂女人下面高潮的视频| .国产精品久久| 在线免费观看的www视频| 五月天丁香电影| 成人一区二区视频在线观看| 亚洲成人精品中文字幕电影| 国精品久久久久久国模美| 成年av动漫网址| 免费av不卡在线播放| 国产精品久久久久久精品电影| 午夜免费激情av| 国产精品麻豆人妻色哟哟久久 | 欧美丝袜亚洲另类| 国内精品一区二区在线观看| 国产精品国产三级国产av玫瑰| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 中文字幕av在线有码专区| freevideosex欧美| 嫩草影院入口| 国产成人精品一,二区| 国产精品综合久久久久久久免费| 观看美女的网站| 欧美成人精品欧美一级黄| 成人欧美大片| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 日本爱情动作片www.在线观看| 亚洲精品久久午夜乱码| 久久久久精品性色| 国产亚洲av片在线观看秒播厂 | 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 久久久久精品久久久久真实原创| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| 成人欧美大片| 日韩精品有码人妻一区| 国语对白做爰xxxⅹ性视频网站| 黄色欧美视频在线观看| 国产一区二区三区av在线| 欧美激情在线99| 尤物成人国产欧美一区二区三区| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 18禁在线播放成人免费| 精品人妻一区二区三区麻豆| av网站免费在线观看视频 | 日韩电影二区| 亚洲精品久久久久久婷婷小说| 综合色丁香网| 丝袜喷水一区| 日本与韩国留学比较| 免费观看无遮挡的男女| 久久久久久久亚洲中文字幕| 亚洲av国产av综合av卡| 69av精品久久久久久| 尤物成人国产欧美一区二区三区| 婷婷色麻豆天堂久久| 国产黄色小视频在线观看| 久久精品国产亚洲av天美| 日本免费在线观看一区| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx在线观看| 午夜爱爱视频在线播放| 久久久久性生活片| 午夜福利在线在线| 亚洲精品日韩av片在线观看| 亚洲综合色惰| 国国产精品蜜臀av免费| 婷婷色综合www| 特大巨黑吊av在线直播| 午夜免费男女啪啪视频观看| 国产成人精品久久久久久| 精品久久久久久电影网| 啦啦啦中文免费视频观看日本| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 久久久a久久爽久久v久久| 久久鲁丝午夜福利片| 亚洲精品亚洲一区二区| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 欧美zozozo另类| 久久久久网色| 国产69精品久久久久777片| 亚洲av电影不卡..在线观看| 欧美97在线视频| 久久久久久久久久成人| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区黑人 | 九草在线视频观看| 亚洲欧美精品专区久久| 国产视频首页在线观看| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| videos熟女内射| 国产精品一区二区三区四区免费观看| 国产精品一及| 欧美3d第一页| 国内精品美女久久久久久| 噜噜噜噜噜久久久久久91| 中文字幕亚洲精品专区| 男女边摸边吃奶| 91久久精品国产一区二区成人| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 亚洲av成人精品一二三区| 日本欧美国产在线视频| 免费无遮挡裸体视频| 国产精品一区二区三区四区久久| 又爽又黄无遮挡网站| 国产激情偷乱视频一区二区| 免费观看a级毛片全部| 能在线免费看毛片的网站| 精品久久久久久久人妻蜜臀av| 美女主播在线视频| 狂野欧美白嫩少妇大欣赏| 九草在线视频观看| 狂野欧美激情性xxxx在线观看| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 精品人妻偷拍中文字幕| 成人午夜高清在线视频| 18+在线观看网站| 精品久久久久久电影网| 一级av片app| 永久网站在线| 大片免费播放器 马上看| 日韩一区二区视频免费看| 美女大奶头视频| 99久久精品国产国产毛片| 亚洲精品一二三| 精品久久久久久电影网| 免费看日本二区| 免费观看av网站的网址| 日韩av在线大香蕉| 麻豆成人av视频| 亚洲一级一片aⅴ在线观看| 色视频www国产| 全区人妻精品视频| 亚洲aⅴ乱码一区二区在线播放| 欧美一级a爱片免费观看看| 国产真实伦视频高清在线观看| 一本久久精品| 岛国毛片在线播放| 国产高清国产精品国产三级 | 青春草国产在线视频| 大陆偷拍与自拍| 亚洲精品国产成人久久av| 一级av片app| 乱码一卡2卡4卡精品| 校园人妻丝袜中文字幕| 熟女人妻精品中文字幕| 国产免费又黄又爽又色| 国产精品一区二区在线观看99 | 一级片'在线观看视频| 国产老妇伦熟女老妇高清| 国产色婷婷99| 久久久久久九九精品二区国产| 久久久久久久午夜电影| 国产成人aa在线观看| 秋霞伦理黄片| 日韩一本色道免费dvd| 亚洲精品国产成人久久av| 韩国av在线不卡| 伦精品一区二区三区| 亚洲成人中文字幕在线播放| 免费观看性生交大片5| 免费黄网站久久成人精品| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 九九久久精品国产亚洲av麻豆| 国产毛片a区久久久久| 身体一侧抽搐| 日本午夜av视频| 国产黄片视频在线免费观看| 91精品国产九色| 大香蕉久久网| 久久这里只有精品中国| 性插视频无遮挡在线免费观看| 在线观看人妻少妇| 日本免费在线观看一区| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 麻豆成人午夜福利视频| 波多野结衣巨乳人妻| 汤姆久久久久久久影院中文字幕 | 97热精品久久久久久| 国产伦理片在线播放av一区| 亚洲精品国产成人久久av| 免费黄频网站在线观看国产| 久久99热这里只有精品18| 麻豆av噜噜一区二区三区| 亚洲国产高清在线一区二区三| 九色成人免费人妻av| 久久久久精品性色| 国产免费视频播放在线视频 | 91久久精品电影网| 一区二区三区四区激情视频| 午夜激情福利司机影院| 看十八女毛片水多多多| 一边亲一边摸免费视频| 水蜜桃什么品种好| 日日摸夜夜添夜夜添av毛片| 亚洲熟女精品中文字幕| 男人和女人高潮做爰伦理| 免费看光身美女| 又粗又硬又长又爽又黄的视频| 超碰97精品在线观看| 全区人妻精品视频| 亚洲精品国产成人久久av| 国产单亲对白刺激| av天堂中文字幕网| 亚洲精品色激情综合| 精品久久久精品久久久| 一级爰片在线观看| 在线观看av片永久免费下载| 欧美另类一区| 久久精品久久久久久久性| 伦精品一区二区三区| 日韩成人伦理影院| av福利片在线观看| 精品午夜福利在线看| 午夜爱爱视频在线播放| 中文资源天堂在线| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 最后的刺客免费高清国语| 欧美97在线视频| 成人国产麻豆网| 久久精品久久久久久久性| 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 男人和女人高潮做爰伦理| 大陆偷拍与自拍| 欧美激情在线99| 伦精品一区二区三区| 一级毛片电影观看| 成年女人在线观看亚洲视频 | 日本爱情动作片www.在线观看| 18+在线观看网站| 国产av不卡久久| 国产在视频线在精品| 黄片wwwwww| 成人二区视频| 深夜a级毛片| 建设人人有责人人尽责人人享有的 | 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频 | 婷婷色综合www| 亚洲成色77777| 久久6这里有精品| 国产伦一二天堂av在线观看| 天天一区二区日本电影三级| 日日干狠狠操夜夜爽| 高清视频免费观看一区二区 | 久久久久久久久久久免费av| 国产精品久久久久久av不卡| 亚洲国产日韩欧美精品在线观看| 国产精品爽爽va在线观看网站| 久久精品熟女亚洲av麻豆精品 | 直男gayav资源| 国产不卡一卡二| 久久草成人影院| 亚洲欧美精品专区久久| a级毛色黄片| 亚洲av中文av极速乱| 熟女人妻精品中文字幕| 亚洲精品自拍成人| 久99久视频精品免费| 国产女主播在线喷水免费视频网站 | 亚洲在线自拍视频| 亚洲熟妇中文字幕五十中出| 精品一区二区三卡| 国产成年人精品一区二区| 老女人水多毛片| 亚洲怡红院男人天堂| 欧美 日韩 精品 国产| 日本与韩国留学比较| 建设人人有责人人尽责人人享有的 | 国产精品国产三级国产专区5o| 日韩欧美 国产精品| 老司机影院成人| 亚洲欧美一区二区三区黑人 | 久久99精品国语久久久| 干丝袜人妻中文字幕| 国产三级在线视频| 99热这里只有是精品在线观看| 边亲边吃奶的免费视频| 18禁在线播放成人免费| 亚洲成人久久爱视频| 婷婷色综合www| 亚洲人成网站高清观看| 欧美日韩综合久久久久久| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6| 欧美+日韩+精品| 国产综合精华液| 国产精品99久久久久久久久| 国产黄片视频在线免费观看| 三级经典国产精品| 亚洲va在线va天堂va国产| 欧美区成人在线视频| 欧美日韩国产mv在线观看视频 | 免费少妇av软件| 亚洲18禁久久av| 黄色欧美视频在线观看| 欧美日韩精品成人综合77777| 麻豆成人午夜福利视频| 麻豆乱淫一区二区| 三级国产精品片| 人妻制服诱惑在线中文字幕| 久久久久精品久久久久真实原创| 国产片特级美女逼逼视频| 久久精品国产亚洲av涩爱| 日韩三级伦理在线观看| 欧美日韩亚洲高清精品| 日韩av在线免费看完整版不卡| 国模一区二区三区四区视频| 国产又色又爽无遮挡免| www.色视频.com| 色视频www国产| 永久免费av网站大全| 美女xxoo啪啪120秒动态图| 99热6这里只有精品| 国产有黄有色有爽视频| 国产黄色小视频在线观看| 天堂网av新在线| 久久精品夜夜夜夜夜久久蜜豆| 人妻少妇偷人精品九色| 国产av在哪里看| 亚洲成人一二三区av| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| 亚洲av成人av| 精品久久久久久久人妻蜜臀av| 噜噜噜噜噜久久久久久91| 国产成人一区二区在线| 国产成人a∨麻豆精品| 黄色日韩在线| 毛片女人毛片| 22中文网久久字幕| 欧美3d第一页| 亚洲国产av新网站| 夜夜爽夜夜爽视频| 嫩草影院精品99| 内射极品少妇av片p| 最近中文字幕高清免费大全6| 少妇高潮的动态图| 国产亚洲av嫩草精品影院| 国内精品美女久久久久久| 精品人妻熟女av久视频| 日韩av在线大香蕉| 九草在线视频观看| 男插女下体视频免费在线播放| 国产成人精品久久久久久| 午夜爱爱视频在线播放| 国产精品无大码| 精品久久久久久成人av| 黑人高潮一二区| 99久久精品一区二区三区| 舔av片在线| 特级一级黄色大片| 欧美成人一区二区免费高清观看| 寂寞人妻少妇视频99o| 能在线免费观看的黄片| 国产午夜精品久久久久久一区二区三区| 三级国产精品片| 精品久久久久久久久亚洲| av线在线观看网站| xxx大片免费视频| 80岁老熟妇乱子伦牲交| 嫩草影院新地址| 亚洲色图av天堂| 午夜福利视频1000在线观看| 亚洲精品视频女| 91精品国产九色| www.色视频.com| 日韩视频在线欧美| 欧美一区二区亚洲| 成人亚洲精品一区在线观看 | 国产黄频视频在线观看| 18禁动态无遮挡网站| 99热网站在线观看| 久久久精品免费免费高清| 乱人视频在线观看| 欧美激情久久久久久爽电影| 亚洲va在线va天堂va国产| 成人毛片a级毛片在线播放| 亚洲精品成人av观看孕妇| 97人妻精品一区二区三区麻豆| 亚洲国产精品国产精品| 国产精品三级大全| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| 国模一区二区三区四区视频| 久久热精品热| 午夜福利成人在线免费观看| 五月玫瑰六月丁香| 色5月婷婷丁香| 色播亚洲综合网| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 一级黄片播放器| 3wmmmm亚洲av在线观看| 真实男女啪啪啪动态图| 乱人视频在线观看| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 国产午夜福利久久久久久| 日本欧美国产在线视频| 只有这里有精品99| 别揉我奶头 嗯啊视频| 天堂√8在线中文| 尾随美女入室| 久久午夜福利片| 1000部很黄的大片| 久久草成人影院| 最近最新中文字幕免费大全7| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 一夜夜www| 全区人妻精品视频| 日韩一区二区三区影片| 搡女人真爽免费视频火全软件| 欧美97在线视频| 一个人免费在线观看电影| 亚洲成人av在线免费| 国产精品一二三区在线看| 久久精品久久久久久噜噜老黄| 国产成人a区在线观看| 噜噜噜噜噜久久久久久91| 国产白丝娇喘喷水9色精品| 18禁裸乳无遮挡免费网站照片| 男女边摸边吃奶| 99热这里只有精品一区| 久久久国产一区二区| 日韩国内少妇激情av| 男插女下体视频免费在线播放| 亚洲精品久久久久久婷婷小说| 久久精品国产亚洲av天美| 日韩av免费高清视频| 免费看光身美女| 国产亚洲精品久久久com| 亚洲精品,欧美精品| 亚洲精品一区蜜桃| 欧美精品国产亚洲| 日韩,欧美,国产一区二区三区| 大香蕉97超碰在线| 精品人妻视频免费看| 亚洲天堂国产精品一区在线| 舔av片在线| 最近中文字幕2019免费版| 少妇人妻精品综合一区二区| 久久精品夜夜夜夜夜久久蜜豆| 成人一区二区视频在线观看| 91在线精品国自产拍蜜月| 国产免费福利视频在线观看| 嘟嘟电影网在线观看| 久久久久久久久久黄片| 特级一级黄色大片| 久久久色成人| 精品久久久久久久久亚洲| 亚洲三级黄色毛片| 欧美激情在线99| 中文天堂在线官网| 久久久久久久大尺度免费视频| 午夜激情久久久久久久| 岛国毛片在线播放| 人妻少妇偷人精品九色| 最新中文字幕久久久久| 精品久久久久久久人妻蜜臀av| 毛片一级片免费看久久久久| 久久热精品热| 国产久久久一区二区三区| 国产一区二区亚洲精品在线观看| 伦理电影大哥的女人| 国产黄色视频一区二区在线观看| 亚洲欧洲国产日韩| 欧美变态另类bdsm刘玥| 丰满少妇做爰视频| 亚洲欧美精品专区久久| 99热这里只有是精品50| 久久99热这里只频精品6学生| 午夜福利在线观看免费完整高清在| 亚洲成人一二三区av| 五月玫瑰六月丁香| 看免费成人av毛片| 国产美女午夜福利| 美女国产视频在线观看| 波多野结衣巨乳人妻| 久久综合国产亚洲精品| 久久鲁丝午夜福利片| 一级毛片久久久久久久久女| 国语对白做爰xxxⅹ性视频网站| 国产高清不卡午夜福利| 午夜老司机福利剧场| 午夜福利在线观看免费完整高清在| 日本欧美国产在线视频| 成人毛片a级毛片在线播放| 97精品久久久久久久久久精品| 亚洲精品乱码久久久久久按摩| 久久精品国产亚洲网站| 亚洲乱码一区二区免费版| 亚洲精品中文字幕在线视频 | 一级毛片黄色毛片免费观看视频| 毛片女人毛片| .国产精品久久| 亚洲av免费高清在线观看| 国产熟女欧美一区二区| 日韩亚洲欧美综合| 亚洲精品亚洲一区二区| 天堂俺去俺来也www色官网 | 国精品久久久久久国模美| 99久久九九国产精品国产免费| 99久国产av精品国产电影| 国产极品天堂在线| 直男gayav资源| 有码 亚洲区| 精品少妇黑人巨大在线播放| av卡一久久| 国产免费福利视频在线观看| 午夜激情欧美在线| 美女主播在线视频| 最近最新中文字幕大全电影3| 成人高潮视频无遮挡免费网站| 视频中文字幕在线观看| 人人妻人人澡人人爽人人夜夜 | 国产淫片久久久久久久久| 免费看a级黄色片| 精品久久久久久成人av| 菩萨蛮人人尽说江南好唐韦庄| 丝袜喷水一区| 国产一区二区亚洲精品在线观看| 欧美人与善性xxx| 精品久久久久久久末码| 欧美xxⅹ黑人| 51国产日韩欧美| 2021天堂中文幕一二区在线观| 女的被弄到高潮叫床怎么办| 精品一区二区免费观看| 中文字幕久久专区| 18禁在线播放成人免费| 黄色一级大片看看| 99久国产av精品国产电影| 久久久亚洲精品成人影院| 美女高潮的动态| 婷婷色综合大香蕉| 日本一本二区三区精品| 久久久精品94久久精品| 成人高潮视频无遮挡免费网站| 午夜福利视频1000在线观看|