隨心所欲不逾矩 直譯意譯總相宜

孟娟 李連生

【摘要】本文通過(guò)比較國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平2016年新年賀詞CRI和CCTV兩個(gè)英文譯本，學(xué)習(xí)和體會(huì)不同的表達(dá)方法，了解直譯和意譯在翻譯中同等重要，只要達(dá)到“忠實(shí)、通順”的目的即可。

【關(guān)鍵詞】直譯 意譯

2015年12月31日晚，國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平發(fā)表了2016年新年賀詞。習(xí)主席的新年賀詞樸實(shí)、真切、耐讀、可親，既振奮人心，又充滿溫情，體現(xiàn)了偉大領(lǐng)袖的胸襟和情懷。中國(guó)國(guó)際廣播電臺(tái)、新華社和中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)用了同一個(gè)英文版本，中國(guó)中央電視臺(tái)國(guó)際頻道用英文字幕給出了另一個(gè)版本。為簡(jiǎn)便起見(jiàn)，我們不妨用CRI和CCTV代表兩個(gè)版本。通過(guò)比較兩個(gè)版本的譯文，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)兩個(gè)版本的譯文直譯與意譯并舉， 忠實(shí)與通順雙贏，都準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了習(xí)主席新年賀詞的精神，向全國(guó)人民并且向世界人民傳達(dá)了中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的問(wèn)候和祝福。下面就通過(guò)具體的幾個(gè)例句與大家共同學(xué)習(xí)和體會(huì)兩個(gè)版本的各自不同處理方法和各自精彩之處。

1.有付出，就會(huì)有收獲。

CRI： Fruitful gains come with persistent efforts.

CCTV： As long as we pay， there will be gains.

歸納：CRI 用的是簡(jiǎn)單句，CCTV用的是復(fù)合句，相比較來(lái)講，后者的語(yǔ)氣更適合。

2. 2015年，中國(guó)人民付出了很多，也收獲了很多。

CRI： In the year of 2015， Chinese people have made great efforts in building their nation and have achieved enormously.

CCTV： In 2015， the great efforts of the Chinese people have paid off.

歸納：該句CCTV的譯文簡(jiǎn)潔有力。

3.我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)繼續(xù)居于世界前列，改革全面發(fā)力，司法體制改革繼續(xù)深化，“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”專題教育推動(dòng)了政治生態(tài)改善，反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)深入進(jìn)行。

CRI： Our economic growth remained at the forefront of the world， our reforms intensified comprehensively， the reforms on judicial system deepened， the “three stricts” and “three steadies” carried out in earnest， and the fight against corruption advanced solidly.

CCTV： Chinas economic growth continues to lead in the world. Reform has been pushed forward comprehensively. Reform in the judicial system has been further deepened. The special educational campaign of “Three Stricts and Three Earnests” has promoted the improvement of the political eco-system. The fight against corruption has been carried out deeply.

歸納：“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”CRI譯作 “three stricts” and “three steadies”，而CCTV譯作“three stricts” and “three steadies”；CRI的譯文中略譯了“專題教育推動(dòng)了政治生態(tài)改善”。

4.經(jīng)過(guò)全國(guó)各族人民的共同努力，“十二五”規(guī)劃圓滿收官，廣大人民群眾有了更多的獲得感。

CRI： Thanks to the great efforts of all Chinese people， the 12th 5-year plan from 2010 to 2015 successfully came to an end， which made the people in this country feel a heightened sense of gains.

CCTV： Through the joint efforts of the people of all ethnic groups across the country， we see a successful conclusion of the “12th Five-Year Plan”. The general public has enjoyed the increasing “sense of gain”.

歸納：“經(jīng)過(guò)全國(guó)各族人民的共同努力” CRI 譯成Thanks to the great efforts of all Chinese people，而CCTV譯成Through the joint efforts of the people of all ethnic groups across the country；“圓滿收官”CRI譯成sccessfully came to an end，而CCTV譯成a successful conclusion；“更多的獲得感”CRI譯成a heightened sense of gains，而CCTV譯成 the increasing “sense of gain”，兩者都同樣精彩。

5.我國(guó)自主研制的C919大型客機(jī)總裝下線， 中國(guó)超級(jí)計(jì)算機(jī)破世界紀(jì)錄蟬聯(lián)“六連冠”

CRI： our self-developed C919 jetliner was put on production line， Chinas super computer claimed top position for the 6th consecutive year， which is a world record，

CCTV： Chinas domestically-produced C919 large passenger aircraft rolled off the production line. Chinas super computer broke the world record for a sixth consecutive year.

歸納：“自主研制”CRI譯成self-developed，而CCTV譯成 domestically-produced； “大型客機(jī)” CRI譯成jetliner，而CCTV譯成 large passenger aircraft； “總裝下線”CRI譯成put on production line 而CCTV譯成rolled off the production line；破世界紀(jì)錄蟬聯(lián)“六連冠”，CRI譯成claimed top position for the 6th consecutive year， which is a world record，而CCTV譯成broke the world record for a sixth consecutive year，這些表達(dá)很值得學(xué)習(xí)。

6.屠呦呦成為我國(guó)首位獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的科學(xué)家……這說(shuō)明，只要堅(jiān)持，夢(mèng)想總是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的。

CRI： Tu Youyou became our first Chinese scientist winning a Nobel Prize ... All those facts have illustrated that dreams will eventually come true with determined perseverance.

CCTV： Tu Youyou became Chinas first scientist to win a Nobel Prize. These show that as long as we persvere， dreams can always be realized.

歸納：“我國(guó)首位獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的科學(xué)家”，CRI譯成our first Chinese scientist winning a Nobel Prize，CCTV譯成Chinas first scientist to win a Nobel Prize； “只要堅(jiān)持，夢(mèng)想總是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的”，CRI譯成dreams will eventually come true with determined perseverance，而CCTV譯成as long as we persvere， dreams can always be realized，可謂異曲同工，殊路同歸。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]張培基.英漢翻譯教程[M].上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社，1983.

[2]莊繹傳.英漢翻譯簡(jiǎn)明教程[M].外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究出版社，2002.