周貴勤,陳新壽,師寧,田冰鋒
顱腦損傷患者外周血miRNA-124與Treg細(xì)胞和IL-10表達(dá)的關(guān)系
周貴勤1,陳新壽1,師寧2,田冰鋒3
目的:研究顱腦損傷后外周血小RNA(miRNA)-124與調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞(Treg)及白細(xì)胞介素-10(IL-10)表達(dá)的關(guān)系,探討miRNA-124在顱腦損傷中的作用及其機制。方法:納入顱腦損傷患者109例,根據(jù)GCS評分分為輕度損傷組35例,中度損傷組45例,重度損傷組29例,同時納入正常體檢者20例為對照組。受傷后24 h分別采集各組的外周靜脈血,采用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測Treg細(xì)胞的表達(dá);實時熒光定量聚合酶聯(lián)反應(yīng)檢測miRNA-124表達(dá);酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗檢測IL-10的水平。結(jié)果:各組顱腦損傷患者外周血Treg比例、miR-124表達(dá)及IL-10水平均顯著高于對照組(P<0.05),中、重度顱腦損傷組高于輕度損傷組(P<0.05),重度組高于中度組(P<0.05);重度損傷組患者外周血miR-124和Treg比例呈正相關(guān)。結(jié)論:顱腦損傷后,miRNA-124可能參與對Treg細(xì)胞增殖的調(diào)節(jié),調(diào)控炎癥反應(yīng)。
顱腦創(chuàng)傷;微小RNA-124;調(diào)節(jié)性T淋巴細(xì)胞;白細(xì)胞介素-10
顱腦損傷過程中,一些特異生物化學(xué)標(biāo)志物出現(xiàn)改變[1,2]。有研究表明,小RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs)在血漿中的表達(dá)與顱腦損傷發(fā)生發(fā)展有一定的相關(guān)[3-5]。本研究旨在研究miRNA-124和顱腦損傷的關(guān)系,并通過測定和分析調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞(T regulatory cells,Tregs)和白細(xì)胞介素(interleukin,IL)-10,探究miR-124在顱腦損傷患者外周血腫的作用機制。miR-124為腦組織特異性的miRNA,而IL-10是一種多功能負(fù)性調(diào)節(jié)因子,主要輔助T細(xì)胞(helper T cell,Th)2細(xì)胞和單核巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生,相關(guān)標(biāo)志物的選擇,旨在闡明炎癥反應(yīng)通過特異性的miRNA改變,影響顱腦損傷康復(fù)過程的作用。
1.1 一般資料
收集2008年3月至2014年3月我院神經(jīng)外科收治的顱腦外傷急診非手術(shù)患者109例。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):臨床資料不完善;年齡<18歲或>75歲;曾經(jīng)有顱腦損傷史;缺血性心臟病、嚴(yán)重肝腎功能不全、各種急慢性感染性疾病及其他應(yīng)激、甲狀腺功能異常、2型糖尿病等疾??;血管畸形、藥物、腫瘤、血液系統(tǒng)疾病、顱腦損傷診斷不明。所有納入對象均接受身高、尿糞常規(guī)、肝腎功能、血脂、血糖及常規(guī)心電圖、胸片、心臟彩超等檢查。根據(jù)患者格拉斯哥昏迷量表(Glasgow coma scale,GCS)評分,分為輕度損傷組(GCS評分13~15分)35例,中度損傷組(GCS評分9~12分)45例,重度損傷組(GCS評分3~8分)29例。同時納入20例正常體檢者為對照組。4組一般資料差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義,具有可比性(P>0.05);顱腦損傷各組GCS評分低于對照組,重度損傷組GCS評分低于輕、中度損傷組(P<0.05),見表1。
表14 組患者一般情況及GCS評分比較
1.2 方法
1.2.1 外周血T淋巴細(xì)胞亞群測定Ficoll密度梯度法分離出外周血單個核細(xì)胞(PBMC),取20 μL細(xì)胞懸液加20 μL錐蟲藍(lán);調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞密度為1×106/mL,加入1mLFoxp3固定/破膜液,充分混勻后室溫孵育20 min;加10 μL抗人Foxp3抗體混勻后暗處孵育30 min,流式細(xì)胞儀檢測。儀器及試劑盒購自美國BD公司。采用CellquestPro軟件進行分析。
1.2.2miRNA-124的檢測 于發(fā)病24 h抽取靜脈血10 mL,肝素抗凝,采用TRIzo提取總RNA,紫光分光光度計檢測其濃度。并反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA于-20℃保存?zhèn)溆茫媚z回收法純化DNA片段作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品,采用熒光RT-PCR法測定外周血中單個核細(xì)胞中miRNA-124的表達(dá)量。采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線法計算miRNA表達(dá)量,并計算其相對表達(dá)量(β-actin校正值)。
1.2.3 IL-10的檢測 將已分離的血漿標(biāo)本從冰箱取出置于室溫下,待溶解后離心取上清,應(yīng)用ELIAS檢測血清中IL-10的含量。在450 nm處測吸光度(A)值,所有測得值減去空白值后再行計算。通過繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,計算各樣本IL-10的含量。
1.3 統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理
采用SPSS18.0軟件處理數(shù)據(jù),計量資料以(χ±s)表示,組間比較采用方差分析,計數(shù)資料以率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗,Pearson作相關(guān)性分析,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
各組顱腦損傷患者外周血Treg比例、miR-124表達(dá)及IL-10水平均顯著高于對照組(P<0.05),中、重度損傷組高于輕度損傷組(P<0.05),重度組高于中度組(P<0.05),見表2。
Pearson相關(guān)分析提示重度損傷組患者外周血miR-124和Treg比例呈正相關(guān)(R=0.64,P=0.006);miR-124和IL-10呈正相關(guān)(R=0.70,P=0.001),而輕、中度顱腦損傷患者無明顯相關(guān)關(guān)系,見圖1。
表2 不同組別患者血清Treg比例、miR-124及IL-10表達(dá)(χ±s)
圖1 重度顱腦損傷患者外周血miR-124和Treg、IL-10水平Pearson相關(guān)分析
miRNAs是在真核生物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一類內(nèi)源性具有調(diào)控功能的非編碼RNA,其大小長約20~25個核苷酸。miRNA與個體發(fā)育、機體代謝及多種疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展密切相關(guān)[6-9]。顱腦損傷后血漿中miRNA出現(xiàn)改變,其可能的機制[10-12]:①受傷組織直接釋放或其它組織反應(yīng)性釋放miRNA進入血液,其中miR-124為腦組織特異性的miRNA。miR-124能調(diào)節(jié)Th1/Th17細(xì)胞的分化,對活化的T細(xì)胞分泌的細(xì)胞因子也有調(diào)節(jié)作用。②miR-124可通過靶基因調(diào)控AT1R及轉(zhuǎn)錄因子,改善炎性損傷和內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞遷移期體內(nèi)miR-124表達(dá)升高,此過程能促進機體釋放促炎因子、特異性抗體和產(chǎn)生效應(yīng)性T細(xì)胞。但miR-124過度激活可能導(dǎo)致促炎因子的爆發(fā)性釋放,免疫細(xì)胞過度活化,同時miR-124作用于Treg細(xì)胞,參與免疫抑制。
IL-10是一種多功能負(fù)性調(diào)節(jié)因子,主要由Th2細(xì)胞和單核巨噬細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生,能抑制前炎癥細(xì)胞因子產(chǎn)生;抑制MHC-II類分子和B-7分子的表達(dá);抑制T細(xì)胞合成IL-2、IFN-γ等細(xì)胞因子;可促進B細(xì)胞分化增殖。IL-10在嚴(yán)重感染性疾病、腫瘤及自身免疫性疾病和移植免疫等多種疾病的發(fā)生過程中發(fā)揮了重要的作用[13]。IL-10可抑制細(xì)胞免疫應(yīng)答,其機制可能是通過抑制活化的T細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生細(xì)胞因子,特別是抑制TH1細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生IL-2和IFN-γ等細(xì)胞因子。因此,IL-10曾稱為細(xì)胞因子合成抑制因子。本研究驗證了其在隨著顱腦創(chuàng)傷程度加重,在患者外周血中出現(xiàn)下降趨勢,其機制可能是通過負(fù)反饋機制抑制顱腦損傷患者血清炎癥反應(yīng)[14,15]。因此,我們認(rèn)為調(diào)控炎癥反應(yīng)在顱腦損傷修復(fù)過程中的作用值得進一步研究。
本研究表明miR-124在腦損傷組里明顯升高,其在重度顱腦損傷患者的Treg表達(dá)和IL-10呈正相關(guān),但在輕度和中度顱腦損傷康復(fù)過程中并無明顯相關(guān)關(guān)系。這一結(jié)果證實了炎癥反應(yīng)在重度顱腦損傷后修復(fù)過程中的作用,并且證實了miR-124可能通過作用于Treg細(xì)胞,調(diào)節(jié)顱內(nèi)炎癥反應(yīng),這種調(diào)節(jié)作用可能和患者腦損傷的嚴(yán)重程度密切相關(guān)。隨著病情發(fā)展,當(dāng)miR-124調(diào)節(jié)Treg的增殖加強,抗炎反應(yīng)失控性增強,抗炎反應(yīng)占主導(dǎo)地位[16]。此時,患者可能處于免疫反應(yīng)亢進、免疫抑制和促炎、抗炎反應(yīng)的動態(tài)演變之中。由于多種因素的共同作用,患者體內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出一種復(fù)雜的免疫紊亂和動態(tài)失衡狀態(tài)[17-18]。同時,還有研究表明miR-124還具有調(diào)控急性炎癥及Treg增殖的雙重作用,起到一定的免疫抑制作用[19-20]。
綜上,miR-124可能是顱腦損傷患者免疫失衡調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的重要位點,但具體調(diào)控機制和其影響因素仍不清楚。本研究結(jié)果還證實,顱腦損傷后的炎癥反應(yīng)與患者病情嚴(yán)重程度密切相關(guān),miR-124有潛力成為顱腦損傷預(yù)后的預(yù)測指標(biāo)。
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(本文編輯:唐穎馨)
Relationship among MiRNA-124,Treg Cells and IL-10 expression in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
ZHOUGui-qin1,CHENXin-shou1,SHINing2,TIANBing-feng3.1.DepartmentofNeurosurgery,ForestIndustryProfessionalHospital,Shanxi716000,China;2.Departmentof Neurosurgery,AffiliatedHospitalofYanAnuniversity,Shanxi716000,China;3.DepartmentofNeurosurgery, HanzhongCentral Hospital,Hanzhong723000
Objective:To evaluate the relationship among microRNA(miRNA)-124,T regulatory cells(Treg) and interleukin(IL)-10 levels in the peripheral blood of patient with traumatic brain injury.Methods:One hundred and nine patients with traumatic brain injury were enrolled and divided into mild group(n=35),moderate group(n=45)and severe group(n=29)according to their Glasgow coma scale(GCS)scores.Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled into controls.The level of miRNA-124,Treg cells and IL-10 were calculated by RT-PCR, flow cytometry and ELISA respectively.Results:The levels of miRNA-124,Treg cells and IL-10 in the mild, moderate and severe groups were significantly higher than those in the controls(P<0.05).The levels of miRNA-124,Treg cells and IL-10 in the mild group were lower than those in the moderate and severe groups(P< 0.05).In the severe group,miRNA-124 is positively correlated with Treg cell and IL-10.Conclusion:miRNA-124 could regulate Treg cells and the inflammation response which play an important role in the recovery process of traumatic brain injury.
traumatic brain injury;microRNA-124;T regulatory cells;interleukin(IL)-10
R741;R741.02
A DOI 10.16780/j.cnki.sjssgncj.2016.06.016
1.陜西省森林工業(yè)職業(yè)醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科西安710031
2.延安大學(xué)附屬醫(yī)院神經(jīng)科陜西 延安716000
3.漢中市中心醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科漢中 723000
2016-01-20
田冰鋒bingfeng98@sihu. com