孫流星++于瀛潔
摘要:
提出了一種基于相移和顏色分光的電子散斑干涉(ESPI)瞬態(tài)三維變形測量方法,該方法包括一個彩色CCD和紅綠藍三種不同波長的激光器,可同時采集來自三路的散斑干涉圖像。物體面內(nèi)水平方向、豎直方向以及離面方向的散斑干涉圖像信息通過顏色分光實現(xiàn)分離,并利用相移算法對散斑干涉條紋圖進行分析處理,分別解調(diào)出水平、豎直及離面方向的變形場相位,實現(xiàn)三維變形場的測量。模擬及實驗分析表明,此方法能同時實現(xiàn)物體面內(nèi)水平方向、豎直方向以及離面方向的變形測量,可用于物體表面的三維瞬態(tài)變形測量,也可單獨完成面內(nèi)或離面的二維變形測量。
關(guān)鍵詞:
電子散斑干涉; 顏色分光; 相移算法; 三維變形測量
中圖分類號: TH 744.3 文獻標志碼: A doi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2016.01.005
Transient 3D deformation measurement method by color splitting
based on phase shift and ESPI
SUN Liuxing1,2, YU Yingjie1
(1.Department of Precision Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;
2.Shanghai INESA PhysicoOptical Instrument.Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201199, China )
Abstract:
A transient method of threedimensional deformation measurement by color splitting based on phase shift and electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI) is presented. The method takes red, green and blue wavelength lasers as the light sources. A color CCD is used to capture the speckle interference images from three paths. The color light is used to achieve the separation of the speckle interference image information from the inplane vertical direction, inplane horizontal direction and outofplane direction of the object. The phase shifting algorithm is applied to process the speckle interference fringe pattern to demodulate the deformation phase field in all directions separately and to obtain threedimensional deformation field. Computer simulation and experimental results are presented that the system can achieve the deformation measurements of an object′s vertical, horizontal and outofplane directions simultaneously, so that it is applied to measure transient threedimensional deformation of the object′s surface and to realize independent measurements of the inplane and outofplane twodimensional deformations.
Keywords: electronic speckle pattern interferometry(ESPI); color splitting; phase shifting algorithm; threedimensional deformation measurement
引 言
在電子散斑干涉(ESPI)技術(shù)中[12],相移算法是最主要的相位提取算法。由于相移算法精度高,計算簡便,在絕大多數(shù)的非實時散斑干涉測量系統(tǒng)中普遍采用[36]。作為電子散斑干涉技術(shù)的進一步發(fā)展[711],三維電子散斑技術(shù)都是分時采集各個分量的電子散斑干涉圖,再通過數(shù)據(jù)處理獲得物體三維變形信息。測量系統(tǒng)的環(huán)境和物體的變形對它的精度有比較大的影響,只能算是偽三維測量。針對已有三維電子散斑技術(shù)的不足,有人提出了基于電子散斑干涉技術(shù)的瞬態(tài)三維變形測量[1215],但裝置復(fù)雜,操作繁瑣,而且研究較少。在位相求解算法方面,已有的ESPI瞬態(tài)三維變形系統(tǒng)中主要是利用傅里葉變換算法或小波變換算法[1619]進行相位求解,但精度受限,且需要載波,由于散斑干涉相干長度短,載波的引入會降低測量范圍。本文提出了一種基于相移和顏色分光的電子散斑干涉瞬態(tài)三維變形測量方法。該方法由一個彩色CCD和紅綠藍三種波長的激光器組成,能同時采集來自三路的散斑干涉圖像。彩色CCD的三原色與紅綠藍三種波長相對應(yīng),物體面內(nèi)水平、豎直以及離面方向的散斑圖像信息由三原色同時實現(xiàn)分離,在反射鏡后面增加壓電陶瓷(PZT)引入相移,并利用相移算法[2021]對得到的四幅散斑干涉圖進行相位求解,同時求出物體面內(nèi)水平、豎直以及離面方向的變形場相位,完成三維變形場的檢測。