玻璃鋼宅，南京，江蘇，中國

主持建筑師：張永和

玻璃鋼宅，南京，江蘇，中國

主持建筑師：張永和

1 地下一層平面/Floor -1 plan

在當(dāng)代中國，設(shè)計(jì)與美術(shù)混淆，因此設(shè)計(jì)的技術(shù)含量常常被忽視。然而，有質(zhì)量的設(shè)計(jì)不僅需要藝術(shù)的想像，它必須同時(shí)也是技術(shù)的革新。

在建筑中使用新型材料是主要的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的設(shè)計(jì)策略之一。 因此，玻璃鋼宅設(shè)計(jì)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是材料，而不是形式。采用玻璃鋼作建筑的結(jié)構(gòu)材料，為的是建造出輕的房屋。玻璃鋼的單位質(zhì)量是鋼的1/5，各項(xiàng)性能與鋼相當(dāng)，抗拉性能甚至比鋼更強(qiáng)。輕質(zhì)高強(qiáng)這一點(diǎn)，在運(yùn)輸?shù)确矫婢哂忻黠@的節(jié)能減排優(yōu)勢(shì)，玻璃鋼低溫低碳的加工過程也使其更節(jié)能。

因此,設(shè)計(jì)過程變成了研發(fā)的過程。一方面是材料本身的研發(fā)：通過嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)牟牧鲜芰?shí)驗(yàn)，總結(jié)玻璃鋼的受力規(guī)律，找到最佳的材料配比方案；通過專門的技術(shù)，開發(fā)建筑物的組成件，玻璃鋼加工簡(jiǎn)單方便的特點(diǎn)又恰恰支持這樣的研發(fā)過程。

另一方面是建造體系的研發(fā)：相比于混凝土、鋼材，玻璃鋼建筑更適合預(yù)制裝配而不是現(xiàn)場(chǎng)制做，節(jié)點(diǎn)連接更適合插接灌膠而不是焊接或澆注。由此，玻璃鋼建筑是一種快速裝配式建筑，建筑形式是建造過程的反應(yīng)。

事實(shí)上，技術(shù)與藝術(shù)是不可分的。技術(shù)撫育著不同的想象力，可能推導(dǎo)出審美的突破。同時(shí)，技術(shù)也是文化的一部分，玻璃鋼結(jié)構(gòu)與中國傳統(tǒng)木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑“輕”“可循環(huán)”的特質(zhì)相呼應(yīng)，也是我們對(duì)新材料新技術(shù)如何介入當(dāng)代中國設(shè)計(jì)文化的一次探索。反過來講，沒有技術(shù)上的推動(dòng)，就沒有全方位設(shè)計(jì)。

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 南京佛手湖建筑藝術(shù)發(fā)展公司/Nanjing Foshou Lake International Architecture & Art Co., Ltd.

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)/Project Architects: 劉魯濱，郭慶民/LIU Lubin, GUO Qingmin

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: 吳瑕，陳龍，王琳，馮博等/WU Xia, CHEN Long, WANG Lin, FENG Bo, et al.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 475m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2003-

2 剖面/Section

The FRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer) House is an attempt in designing for ecological sustainability in the context of China's technological developments. The research on and use of new building materials is one of the primary strategies in designing for sustainability. Materiality therefore took precedence as a point of departure over formal manipulation in designing the FRP House. The goal of adopting FRP as a building material is to create a new type of lightweight architecture. FRP is comparable to steel in all mechanical properties, while its unit mass is only one fifth of steel, with an even greater tensile strength. Its low-heat, lowcarbon manufacturing process not only allows for ease of transportation and construction, but also results in greater energy efficiency and less impact on the land.

In collaboration with a civil engineering institute, the design process consisted of a series of research and development on the material composition and structural capacity of FRP. Firstly, rigorous stress tests revealed its mechanical behavior, which in turn determined the optimal material composition for application; meanwhile a special technique is used to develop it as an architectural component through a simple and convenient manufacturing process. Secondly, the use of FRP, in contrast to concrete and steel, allowed for a structural system well-suited for utilizing plugin joints and prefabrication, rather than welding and on-site construction. As a material, FRB therefore allows for rapidly-assembled buildings whose formal expression is a reflection of the construction process. All of these were verified by a 2-storey mock-up structure at Beijing Qianmen.

While the process could seem highly technical, technology remains embedded in, and inspired by, an intimate understanding of contemporary and traditional culture. The structural system of FRP is as much a reflection of the lightness and re-usability of traditional Chinese wooden architecture, as it is an attempt in developing contemporary design culture in China through the wielding of new materials and techniques.

FRP House, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

Principal Architect: Yung Ho Chang

3.4 研究方案：圓管立柱與樓板生產(chǎn)工藝/Research plan:Circular tube column and floor production process

5.6 研究方案：圓管立柱與樓板結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)/Research plan: Circular tube column and floor structure test

7 實(shí)施方案：建筑局部構(gòu)造模型/Implementation plan: Partial building model