趙燕萍
一、引言
詞匯復(fù)習(xí)是高三教學(xué)的重頭戲,關(guān)系到學(xué)生是否能把握詞匯意義和用法,提高閱讀速度、培養(yǎng)閱讀能力。但是在實(shí)際教學(xué)中,教師的教學(xué)方法單一甚至欠妥當(dāng),僅僅是帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生進(jìn)行單詞讀音、拼寫(xiě)、意思和一些固定搭配的學(xué)習(xí),讓學(xué)生死記硬背,灌輸多于啟發(fā).使詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)脫離了文本語(yǔ)境,成了無(wú)源之水,無(wú)本之木。此外,教師很少有意識(shí)地對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)方法的指導(dǎo),只授“魚(yú)”沒(méi)授“漁”。
二、圍繞話題,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,進(jìn)行詞匯有效教學(xué)的設(shè)計(jì)思路
以話題為主線,使詞匯復(fù)習(xí)整體化。話題為主線是指用同一個(gè)話題貫穿教學(xué)的始終,有利于教師串聯(lián)整個(gè)教學(xué),使詞匯復(fù)習(xí)整體化,又讓學(xué)生感知詞匯的意義和用法的同時(shí)培養(yǎng)話題意識(shí)。以情景為依托,使詞匯復(fù)習(xí)生活化。
三、北師大版Unit5lesson1performer詞匯復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)課例設(shè)計(jì)及說(shuō)明
本文將以一節(jié)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)課為例,探討圍繞話題,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,進(jìn)行詞匯有效復(fù)習(xí)的策略。
1.導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié),利用文本,圍繞話題,構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容
(1)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生回顧講解過(guò)的一篇完型填空,導(dǎo)入話題。
(2)讓學(xué)生大聲朗讀文本,在語(yǔ)境中感知詞匯的意義和用法。
Nicknamed the Golden Music Boy,21-year-old Hu Yanbin,was born and grew up in Shanghai.At the age of 15,he made a wish that he would make his own album before he was 18.Fortunately,the talented boys dream came true.His first album Adept with Both Pen and Sword came out in 2002 and he became the first mainland artist to release a solo album in the mainland,……
[說(shuō)明]話題可以幫助教師把所要教的內(nèi)容與學(xué)生已有的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),生活經(jīng)歷聯(lián)系起來(lái),讓學(xué)生明確知道他們學(xué)習(xí)這些內(nèi)容的目的,以及他們可以用這些語(yǔ)言做什么事情。教師通過(guò)一篇完型填空,導(dǎo)入話題激活相關(guān)背景知識(shí)的同時(shí)讓學(xué)生大聲朗讀,在情景中感知詞匯的意義和用法。
2.輸入環(huán)節(jié),依托文本,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,開(kāi)展學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)
(1) What do I know about the singer?
1)Chinese singer and song writer,Anson Hu,_____(習(xí)慣) being in public eye.
2)Born and growing up in Shanghai,he showed great i in music as a child.
3)At the age of 13,he was a to Shanghai Music Conservatory where he majored in singing.
4)Two years later,he set a goal of r____his first CD before his eighteenth birthday.
5)Fortunately,the ___(有天賦的) boys dream came true.
…
(2)What do I know about the singers works and achievements?
1)He ________(簽) a contract with a record company and released his first album in August 2002.
2)The album became an instant hit.
3)The album won Hu many “Best New Artist”_____at the end of the year in China and overseas.
4)He was the first mainland artist to release a solo album in the mainland,Hong Kong,and Taiwan all at the same time
5)In July 2003 his second album made him again sweep through the award ceremonies..
[說(shuō)明]情景創(chuàng)設(shè)是指在教學(xué)過(guò)程中為了達(dá)到既定的目標(biāo),創(chuàng)設(shè)與教學(xué)內(nèi)容相適應(yīng)的具體事件,場(chǎng)景或氛圍,引起學(xué)生的情感體驗(yàn),激發(fā)和吸引學(xué)生主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,……在此環(huán)節(jié)中,教師通過(guò)兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,創(chuàng)設(shè)學(xué)生所熟悉的情景,開(kāi)展活動(dòng),寓詞匯知識(shí)于情景中。
3.輸出環(huán)節(jié),基于情景,輔以任務(wù),進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)檢測(cè)
(1)短文填詞,強(qiáng)化應(yīng)用
Chinese singer and song writer,Anson Hu,is 1._____ to being in public eye.At the age of 15,he made a wish that he would make his own 2.____ before he was 18.Fortunately,the 3._____ boys dream came true.His first album Adept with Both Pen and Sword came 4.____in 2002.The album became an instant5. and won Hu many “Best New Artist”6._____ at the end of the year in China and overseas.Audience were impressed by his7.______musical talents and mixed musical8.______.Since then,he has made several more albums and he has continued giving great 9.______on stage.His fame as a 10.______continued to rise,and he gained more and more fans,in China and abroad.
[說(shuō)明]輸出檢測(cè)環(huán)節(jié),教師基于情景設(shè)置了短文填詞的任務(wù),讓學(xué)生在回顧,總結(jié)所學(xué)的詞匯知識(shí)的同時(shí),能具體地去運(yùn)用所學(xué)的詞匯知識(shí)。
(2) 話題寫(xiě)作,提升能力。請(qǐng)根據(jù)今天所學(xué)的相關(guān),寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于歌手胡彥斌的簡(jiǎn)介及你從中得到的啟發(fā).
結(jié)束語(yǔ):詞匯的有效復(fù)習(xí)是學(xué)生習(xí)得詞匯的前提,也是提高閱讀速度、培養(yǎng)閱讀能力,內(nèi)化語(yǔ)言能力的根本。在教學(xué)中,只要老師充分利用挖掘教材,圍繞話題,聯(lián)系生活實(shí)際,創(chuàng)設(shè)情景,就能激發(fā)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣,保證高效的詞匯復(fù)習(xí)課堂的實(shí)現(xiàn)。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]羅少茜,南迪.英語(yǔ)教育中話題與教學(xué)大綱· 課堂教學(xué)·語(yǔ)言測(cè)評(píng)之間的關(guān)系[J].課程 ·教材 ·教法,2010.