分組論壇一以重點(diǎn)區(qū)域合作提升區(qū)域聯(lián)通水平

國(guó)家開(kāi)發(fā)銀行副行長(zhǎng)李吉平：

對(duì)亞歐互聯(lián)互通進(jìn)一步提出以下三點(diǎn)建議：第一，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通、裝備走出去、國(guó)際產(chǎn)能合作、高新技術(shù)與產(chǎn)品等領(lǐng)域加強(qiáng)對(duì)話和務(wù)實(shí)合作，推進(jìn)高鐵、電力、通信、鋼鐵、有色、水泥等領(lǐng)域條件成熟的示范項(xiàng)目落地實(shí)施。第二，充分發(fā)揮國(guó)家開(kāi)發(fā)銀行的國(guó)際合作項(xiàng)目開(kāi)發(fā)以及研究規(guī)劃合作優(yōu)勢(shì)，積極對(duì)接亞歐會(huì)議成員國(guó)發(fā)展和區(qū)域合作規(guī)劃，有效整合各方資源，開(kāi)展多層次、多渠道的磋商，推動(dòng)簽署合作備忘錄與規(guī)劃合作，制定一批具有示范性合作規(guī)范。第三，加強(qiáng)雙邊多邊的合作，建設(shè)亞歐互聯(lián)互通利益共享價(jià)值鏈。就亞歐互聯(lián)互通藍(lán)圖完善金融服務(wù)手段布局、創(chuàng)新金融產(chǎn)品融資模式，要加強(qiáng)與世界銀行、亞洲開(kāi)發(fā)銀行、亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行等多邊開(kāi)發(fā)性金融機(jī)構(gòu)以及所在項(xiàng)目的所在國(guó)金融機(jī)構(gòu)合作，吸引股權(quán)投資基金共同參加建設(shè)。

Li Jiping, Vice President of China Development Bank

I have three suggestions for further improving Asia-Europe connectivity. First, we should strengthen the dialogue and cooperate practically in areas like the connectivity of infrastructure,equipment export, international cooperation on capacity, high technology and hi-tech products. Moreover, we should actualize demonstrative projects like high speed rail, electricity,telecommunication, iron and steel, nonferrous metals and cement. Secondly, we should take full advantage of the development, research and planning of China Development Bank’s international cooperation projects, match with other member countries’ regional cooperation plan to eff i ciently integrate resources from all parts, carry out multi-level and multi-channel negotiations to push forward the signing of memorandum of cooperation and planning cooperation, and make out a series of demonstrative cooperation rules. Thirdly, we should strengthen multilateral cooperation and build a benefit sharing value chain through Asia-Europe connectivity. Based on the blueprint of Asia-Europe connectivity, we should improve the arrangement of financial service methods, innovate the financing mode of financial products, strengthen cooperation with multilateral developmental fi nancial institutes like World Bank, Asian Development Bank and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, as well as fi nancial institutes in projects host countries to attract private equity to participate in common construction.

拉脫維亞交通部國(guó)務(wù)秘書(shū)奧佐林斯：

亞歐貿(mào)易快速發(fā)展使得多式聯(lián)運(yùn)的互聯(lián)互通越來(lái)越重要，大陸橋的交通已經(jīng)非常有潛力能夠補(bǔ)充我們的海運(yùn)、空運(yùn)，但是最關(guān)鍵的要件就是多式聯(lián)運(yùn)，以創(chuàng)造一個(gè)一體化的交通解決方案。還有一個(gè)最為重要的問(wèn)題就是要簡(jiǎn)化我們的行政手續(xù)，合作解決我們的相互操作性以及技術(shù)兼容性，移除現(xiàn)時(shí)技術(shù)和管理方面的瓶頸。我們還要重視，要加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的能力，同時(shí)還要有相關(guān)的資金來(lái)支持這樣做，所有的亞歐成員國(guó)來(lái)參加這會(huì)個(gè)會(huì)議都表現(xiàn)出對(duì)這些倡議的支持，謀求來(lái)解決操作性的問(wèn)題，尤其是長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸當(dāng)中的操作性，同時(shí)他們也支持進(jìn)一步發(fā)展亞歐之間的交通聯(lián)系，因?yàn)槲覀兘煌吭诮酉聛?lái)幾年會(huì)不斷增長(zhǎng)。

Ozoli??, State Secretary of the Latvian Ministry of Transport

The rapid development of Asia-Europe trade has brought multimodal transport connectivity into focus. The emerging land bridge routes has been demonstrating a high potential as supplements to sea and air transportation, and the crucial challenge lies in building a comprehensive and efficient multimodal transport network to promote integrated solutions for transportation and logistics between Asia and Europe. In this regard, a synchronized development of the Trans-European Transport Network and the Silk Road Economic Belt would lead to important synergies.Another important task is the simplif i cation of administrative procedures. We should work together towards technical interoperability and red tape elimination to alleviate the existing bottlenecks in the development of Asia-Europe connectivity. We should also make sure that adequate funding is available to fi nance such transport infrastructure development. All the European and Asian nations that participated at this meeting have shown their support for these proposals, further cementing our common understanding that eff i cient transport connectivity is a prerequisite for the relationship between the world’s largest trading partners – Asia and Europe – to fl ourish.

中國(guó)國(guó)際工程咨詢公司總經(jīng)理肖鳳桐：

“軟聯(lián)通”在此次對(duì)話會(huì)上受到更多關(guān)注。對(duì)項(xiàng)目前期貸款融資、項(xiàng)目資本金、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控和分?jǐn)偢鱾€(gè)方面如果能夠給予切實(shí)的優(yōu)惠和制度保障，必將大規(guī)模加快項(xiàng)目推進(jìn)的速度和互聯(lián)互通的進(jìn)度。交通運(yùn)輸?shù)然A(chǔ)設(shè)施是互聯(lián)互通范疇中最重要的領(lǐng)域之一，其中涵蓋公路、鐵路、航空、水運(yùn)、管道等多種方式的互通和國(guó)際多式聯(lián)運(yùn)?？纱_定一些優(yōu)先發(fā)展的項(xiàng)目，在關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)上注入所需要的資金和技術(shù)援助；建立地區(qū)性資本市場(chǎng)；讓私營(yíng)企業(yè)參與到基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中來(lái)，東盟制訂總體規(guī)劃的做法值得借鑒。

Xiao Fengtong, General Manager of China International Engineering Consulting Corporation

“Soft connection” has gained lots of attention in this dialogue meeting. If we can provide practical privilege and institutional guarantee for the loan fi nancing, capital fund, risk management and control and apportion in the earlier stage of projects, the pace of project implementation and interconnection will be largely improved. Xiao also thinks that transportation and infrastructure, which includes the interconnection of railroad, aviation, pipeline and other transportation methods as well as international multimodal transport, are among the most important fi elds in interconnection and interworking. He suggested that some projects should be given priority so that capital and technology in crucial aspects can develop fi rst; regional capital market should be set up; private entrepreneurs are encouraged to participate in building infrastructure. He mentioned that “the method that making an overall plan that ASEAN took is a good example.”

國(guó)際道路運(yùn)輸聯(lián)盟常駐歐亞代表團(tuán)總代表切利佐夫：

40%的交通時(shí)間都會(huì)在過(guò)境時(shí)浪費(fèi)掉，同時(shí)30%的交通成本會(huì)上升，我們需要一些機(jī)制來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，幫助政府間的組織來(lái)有效執(zhí)行相關(guān)政策文件及其他公約。通過(guò)研究包括1975年的國(guó)際陸路運(yùn)輸協(xié)定和1982年的邊境貨物流通公約等在內(nèi)的國(guó)際運(yùn)輸通文來(lái)進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)化貿(mào)易、運(yùn)輸、安檢和交通的過(guò)境程序。我認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)很好的時(shí)機(jī)，今天每一個(gè)國(guó)家在我們亞歐區(qū)域都與中國(guó)有聯(lián)系，我們希望能夠進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)歐洲和亞洲之間的聯(lián)系，推動(dòng)雙方的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。在最近幾年，我們可以看到，中亞地區(qū)在國(guó)際陸路運(yùn)輸協(xié)議中的作用正在不斷增長(zhǎng)，同時(shí)在國(guó)家執(zhí)行方面也是非常好的，他們一定會(huì)在運(yùn)輸上增長(zhǎng)。更為重要的是，我們必須要有全球的思維，它能夠促進(jìn)我們亞歐之間的貿(mào)易。

Cheltsov, International Road Transport Union General Delegate to Eurasia

40% of the traff i c time is spent in transiting with 30% of the transport cost increases. We need some mechanisms to solve this problem and help intergovernmental organizations to implement relevant policies and other conventions. Trade, transport, security and transit facilitation via streamlining border crossing procedures may successfully be driven by the globally recognised international instruments, including the TIR Convention (1975)and the Harmonization Convention(1982).I think today is a great opportunity as every Eurasian country has connection with China,and we hope to further improve the connection between Europe and Asia, thus pushing both sides developing. In recent years, we have seen that central-Asia area’s role in international land transport protocol has been increasing; they have a good performance in governmental execution so they will def i nitely increase the transportation. More importantly, we must have an international view, as it could facilitate Asia-Europe trade.

中國(guó)交通建設(shè)股份有限公司副總裁孫子宇：

圍繞“積極打造行動(dòng)共同體、推進(jìn)亞歐交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通”題目有三點(diǎn)不成熟看法：第一，積極打造互聯(lián)互通的行動(dòng)共同體。亞歐大陸地域廣闊，在要素資源稟賦方面域內(nèi)各經(jīng)濟(jì)體各有優(yōu)勢(shì)，我們中國(guó)人有句話叫，要致富先修路，交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通也將推進(jìn)亞歐大陸各經(jīng)濟(jì)體的共同發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮。第二，與推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)相結(jié)合?；ヂ?lián)互通與“一帶一路”互為依托，相輔相成。第三，發(fā)揮企業(yè)層面的積極作用，推進(jìn)亞歐交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施互聯(lián)互通需要充分調(diào)動(dòng)和凝聚政、產(chǎn)、學(xué)、研以及金融機(jī)構(gòu)的廣泛力量，其中承擔(dān)具體開(kāi)發(fā)建設(shè)的企業(yè)主體作用應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)一步的積極發(fā)揮。

Sun Ziyu, Vice President of China Communications Construction Company Limited

I have three personal opinions on the topic “Proactively build an action community, Propel the Asia-Europe interconnection and interworking of transportation infrastructure.” First, we should proactively build the interconnection and interworking action community. The large territory of Eurasia endows every economic entity with its own resources. There is a Chinese saying, “If you want to become rich, build roads fi rst.” The connectivity of transportation infrastructure will also push forward the joint development and economic prosperity of every economic entity in Eurasia. Secondly, we should take the implementation of “One Belt, One Road” into consideration. Connectivity and “One Belt, One Road” rely on each other and supplement each other. Thirdly, enterprises should play an active role. To push forward the Asia-Europe connectivity of transportation infrastructure, we should fully mobilize and rally the power of governments, enterprises, schools, institutes, and financial organizations. Among these forces, enterprises who take the responsibility of developing and constructing should play a dominant role.

重慶市副市長(zhǎng)陳和平：

長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)中國(guó)西部及內(nèi)陸地區(qū)受地理和物流環(huán)境制約，外向型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度緩慢，“渝新歐”的成功開(kāi)行破解了中國(guó)內(nèi)陸地區(qū)的物流瓶頸，打消了外商投資內(nèi)陸尤其是西部的顧慮?！坝逍職W”的成功運(yùn)行，不僅是“新絲綢之路”的紐帶和支撐，也是中歐互聯(lián)互通的重要紐帶。目前，重慶已有230家世界500強(qiáng)企業(yè)入駐，中國(guó)500強(qiáng)企業(yè)有2/3在重慶投資。通過(guò)這個(gè)“渝新歐”大通道，促進(jìn)了中國(guó)和中亞、歐洲等地的經(jīng)貿(mào)合作，“渝新歐”開(kāi)通以后，這條沿線所經(jīng)過(guò)的和輻射的國(guó)家達(dá)到30多個(gè)，中國(guó)通過(guò)“渝新歐”與沿線各國(guó)建立了鐵路、海關(guān)、郵政等方面的國(guó)際協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)了中國(guó)和沿線各國(guó)的雙邊和多邊關(guān)系。

Chen Heping, Deputy Mayor of Chongqing

For a long period, western China and inland areas have suffered a slow-developed exportoriented economy because of the restriction of geography and logistics environment. Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway has broken through the logistic problem for inland China and has dispelled the misgivings on investing inland especially western areas from the foreign investors. The success of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe Railway is not only a link and support for the “New Silk Road,” but also an important bond for China-Europe connectivity. At present, 230 companies, which are among the global top 500 companies, have entered Chongqing. Two thirds of China top 500 companies have invested in Chongqing. This Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe passage has promoted the economic and trade cooperation between China and central-Asia, Europe and other areas. There are over 30 countries that are along the line of Railway and in its radiance range. China has built international mechanisms on railroads, customs and postal service with these countries, which accordingly has strengthened the bilateral and multilateral relationship with these countries.

新加坡國(guó)立大學(xué)東亞研究所所長(zhǎng)鄭永年：

亞歐互聯(lián)互通、“一帶一路”需要的就是資本走出去，尋求更廣闊的市場(chǎng)，背后的主角是企業(yè)，政府只是搭建了一個(gè)平臺(tái)起推動(dòng)作用，關(guān)鍵靠資本自己去尋找市場(chǎng)。就像現(xiàn)在所說(shuō)的全球化由資本推動(dòng)，資本不存在意識(shí)形態(tài)的區(qū)別。中國(guó)改革開(kāi)放30年來(lái)積累了許多基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)與資本，需要出去開(kāi)辟新的市場(chǎng)。因此，中國(guó)強(qiáng)調(diào)產(chǎn)能合作，這些產(chǎn)能正是處在建設(shè)中的發(fā)展中國(guó)家需要的?！耙粠б宦贰毖鼐€這么多國(guó)家，肯定有不同的利益訴求、不同的意見(jiàn)，這是好事，說(shuō)明大家非常關(guān)注。同時(shí)，要求大家在實(shí)施過(guò)程中要注重多方配合、多方參與，兼顧各方利益，注重項(xiàng)目的開(kāi)放性和包容性。我相信中國(guó)可以做到這一點(diǎn)。

Zheng Yongnian, Director of East Asian Institute of National University of Singapore

The driving force of Asia-Europe connectivity and “One Belt, One Road” is the going out of Chinese capital for a broader market. Enterprises play a leading role, government only provides a platform, and the crucial part lies in the Chinese capital looking for the market by itself. This is similar to what we are saying today, i. e. globalization is propelled by capital and there is no ideological difference between capitals. China has become a capital surplus country and accumulated many technical skills in infrastructure building in the past 30 years since its reform and opening up, and it needs to explore new markets. Therefore, China attached great importance to cooperation on capacity, which is highly demanded in developing countries. We hear different interest demands and opinions from the countries that are along the line of “One Belt, One Road.” This is positive because it shows that it is getting much attention. At the same time, all parties should value cooperation,participation, each other’s interests and projects’ openness and inclusiveness. I believe China will make it.

蘇州工業(yè)園區(qū)工委副書(shū)記楊建中：

亞歐合作，除了完善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，還需要產(chǎn)業(yè)的支持，而通過(guò)工業(yè)園區(qū)的建設(shè)把各項(xiàng)產(chǎn)能在園區(qū)里面與所在國(guó)家開(kāi)展各項(xiàng)合作，不失為一種良性循環(huán)。應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)中國(guó)各個(gè)園區(qū)內(nèi)的企業(yè)走出去，到亞歐大陸“一帶一路”沿線各個(gè)國(guó)家的工業(yè)園區(qū)開(kāi)展投資，深化產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)接與合作。蘇州工業(yè)園區(qū)初步設(shè)想建設(shè)成一個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)的境外投資服務(wù)區(qū)，使之在新形勢(shì)下為走出去企業(yè)提供一站式服務(wù)窗口，成為深化產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)接與合作，穿越企業(yè)亞歐互聯(lián)互通新平臺(tái)。幫助進(jìn)一步提升中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的地位和中國(guó)企業(yè)的整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

Yang Jianzhong, Deputy Secretary of Working Committee of Suzhou Industrial Park

Apart from improving the construction of infrastructure, Asia-Europe cooperation also requires support from enterprises. It would become a virtuous cycle if we carry out cooperation between productivity in every industry and its host country through the construction of industrial parks. We should encourage enterprises in the industrial parks to go out and invest in the industrial parks in countries that are along the line of “One Belt, One Road,” and deepen the industrial connection and cooperation. The preliminary idea of Suzhou Industrial Park is to build a national overseas investment service area, thus making it a one-stop service window for the enterprises that follow the new trend and go out, and a new platform for deepening industrial connection and cooperation,facilitating in Asia-Europe connectivity. This action will further improve China’s economic status and Chinese enterprises’ overall competitiveness.

新加坡航空公司中國(guó)區(qū)總經(jīng)理卜小雄：

亞歐大陸彼此連接互聯(lián)互通的系統(tǒng)當(dāng)中，航空業(yè)具有獨(dú)特的地位，能夠發(fā)揮獨(dú)特作用。亞歐大陸幅員遼闊，通過(guò)航空業(yè)可以減少陸地交通建設(shè)的一些建造成本，提高運(yùn)輸效率。同時(shí)，在我們加強(qiáng)亞歐互聯(lián)互通的同時(shí)，希望我們能夠建立更多的航空業(yè)的二級(jí)樞紐，我們也要消除航空業(yè)所面臨的一些限制，同時(shí)也需要有更有效的機(jī)場(chǎng)，這樣就能夠減少成本以及讓一些線路能夠獲利。

Chris Pok, Singapore Airlines General Manager China

In the system of Asia-Europe connectivity, airline industry plays an unique role. In trying to strengthen connectivity between Asia and Europe, airline industry would need to overcome constraints including geographical limitation of hub airport, airport capacity constraint, airspace congestion and high operating costs arising from high fuel prices. To overcome these limitations,airline industry can tap on better and more fuel-eff i cient aircraft, develop new hubs, operating to less congested but growing secondary markets and deploying bigger capacity aircraft.

荷蘭阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究基金會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究所航空經(jīng)濟(jì)部主任博赫豪特：

亞歐之間的航空互通雖然在過(guò)去的十年間正不斷地增長(zhǎng)，但在加強(qiáng)兩個(gè)區(qū)域間的航空互通方面仍存在許多機(jī)遇。深層次地互通增長(zhǎng)非常重要，因?yàn)楹娇臻g的互聯(lián)互通是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的主要因素。

航空間互聯(lián)互通增長(zhǎng)能加強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，推進(jìn)國(guó)家與城市積極加入經(jīng)濟(jì)融合。首先，航空互通增加減少了客戶的旅行花費(fèi)，他們可以將此轉(zhuǎn)化為對(duì)社會(huì)的財(cái)富利益；其次是更廣闊的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益。來(lái)自巴塞羅那大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)令人驚訝的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，10%的航空互聯(lián)互通增長(zhǎng)能夠帶來(lái)0.5%的歐洲國(guó)家的GDP增長(zhǎng)。同時(shí)，我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)航空業(yè)的互通能促進(jìn)勞動(dòng)者的生產(chǎn)水平和生產(chǎn)力，同時(shí)刺激貿(mào)易與旅游業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)，所以總體來(lái)說(shuō)它能提高城市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，也將提高阿姆斯特丹和重慶的城市競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

Guillaume BURGHOUWT, Head of section aviation economics, SEO Economic Research

Connectivity by air between Asia and Europe has increased considerably during the past ten years. Still, many opportunities exist for further enhancing the connectivity by air between both regions. Further connectivity growth is important, as connectivity by air is key to competitiveness.Growth in connectivity by air can enhance competitiveness and propel countries and cities to take part in economic integration. First of all, connectivity growth by air (more destinations, more direct flights, shorter travel times)reduces travel costs for consumers, which translates into welfare benef i ts for society. Secondly, there are wider economic benef i ts associated with air connectivity growth. An impressive research at the University of Barcelona shows that a 10% increase in longhaul fl ights results in a 4% growth in headquarters in European metropolitan areas. Recent research also shows that a 10% increase in connectivity results in a 0.5% increase in GDP in European countries. In addition, there is increasing evidence that connectivity growth by air results in increases in productivity, Research and Development, international trade and tourism. On the whole, the growth in connectivity by air reduces travelers’ cost and increases cities’ competitiveness, as it will do in Amsterdam and Chongqing.

盧森堡國(guó)際通航集團(tuán)副總裁圖埃爾：

公務(wù)航空是根據(jù)高端私人或企業(yè)高管的具體需要而量身定做的一種高端航空運(yùn)輸選擇。它能提供一種有效、高效和安全的商務(wù)旅行，以適應(yīng)他們的行程和目的地，與商業(yè)航空行程所具有的局限性是完全不同的。公務(wù)航空對(duì)于幫助亞洲市場(chǎng)提高效率和互聯(lián)互通非常重要。我們很高興地看到，重慶已經(jīng)在工業(yè)園建立了通用航空并在中國(guó)發(fā)展公務(wù)航空，培養(yǎng)行業(yè)意識(shí)。

Thurnherr, Vice President of Luxaviation

Business Aviation is a high-end air transport option tailored to the specific needs of highnet-worth individuals as well as company executives. It provides efficient, productive and secure business travel to accommodate schedules and reach destinations not compatible with the limitations set by commercial airline itineraries. Business Aviation is therefore very important for the development of the Asian market, helping to increase eff i ciency and connectivity.

We are happy to see that Chongqing has established a General Aviation Industrial Park,fostering awareness of our industry and developing Business Aviation in China.