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    2014年阿拉善塊體西緣兩次中強(qiáng)地震震源機(jī)制解①

    2015-03-05 05:58:36李春燕
    地震工程學(xué)報(bào) 2015年4期

    李春燕, 徐 輝

    (甘肅省地震局,甘肅 蘭州 730000)

    ?

    地震監(jiān)測(cè)

    2014年阿拉善塊體西緣兩次中強(qiáng)地震震源機(jī)制解①

    李春燕, 徐輝

    (甘肅省地震局,甘肅 蘭州 730000)

    摘要:2014年2月12日新疆于田發(fā)生了MS7.3地震,之后在阿拉善塊體西緣相繼發(fā)生了蒙古4.9級(jí)、新疆哈密5.1級(jí)地震。利用甘肅“十五”數(shù)字地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)的波形資料,采用CAP方法反演這兩次地震的震源機(jī)制解。結(jié)果顯示蒙古4.9級(jí)地震為走滑型,而新疆哈密5.1級(jí)屬于逆沖型,表明青藏塊體與阿拉善塊體之間的作用增強(qiáng)引發(fā)了這兩次地震活動(dòng)。

    關(guān)鍵詞:阿拉善塊體; CAP方法; 震源機(jī)制解

    0引言

    阿爾金斷裂帶是印度板塊向歐亞板塊俯沖造成青藏高原隆起并向東滑移而形成的,是一條大型的板內(nèi)走滑活動(dòng)斷裂帶,具有擠壓、大幅度水平位移的左旋走滑特征,是青藏高原巖石圈物質(zhì)向東蠕散的一條重要邊界,丁國(guó)瑜[1]提出,阿爾金斷裂帶的左旋走滑運(yùn)動(dòng)是自西向東階段式發(fā)展的,阿爾金斷裂帶東段的走滑時(shí)代要晚于西段。王萍等[2]的研究表明,在印度板塊與歐亞板塊的碰撞擠壓作用下,青藏塊體不斷隆升并向四周擴(kuò)展,青藏高原東北緣淺層物質(zhì)向阿拉善塊體擠入并形成傳遞應(yīng)力的通道,青藏塊體成為阿拉善塊體活動(dòng)的主要施力源。2014年新疆于田MS7.3地震震中位于巴顏喀拉塊體與塔里木塊體之間的阿爾金斷裂帶西南段上,Global CMT給出的震源機(jī)制解參數(shù)顯示該地震為左旋走滑型地震。受于田地震的影響,阿拉善塊體西緣的地震活動(dòng)增強(qiáng),2月28日在阿拉善塊體西緣發(fā)生了蒙古4.9級(jí)地震(43.0° N,96.6° E,CEIC)和4月30日新疆哈密5.1級(jí)地震(43.1° N,94.3° E, CEIC)。

    利用“十五”數(shù)字地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)的資料,采用CAP(Cut and Paste)方法[3-7]反演了這兩次中強(qiáng)地震的震源機(jī)制解。CAP方法將近震寬頻帶波形數(shù)據(jù)分割為Pnl和面波部分進(jìn)行反演,在給定參數(shù)空間中進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格搜索,得出二者全局差異最小的震源機(jī)制解和震源矩心深度。其優(yōu)勢(shì)是反演結(jié)果對(duì)速度模型和地殼橫向變化的依賴性相對(duì)較小,可以得到可靠的震源機(jī)制解與準(zhǔn)確的震源矩心深度[5-9]。

    反演中使用CRUST2.0模型確定每個(gè)地震事件震源周圍的地殼速度模型,結(jié)果如表1所列。蒙古4.9級(jí)地震[圖1(a)、2(a)]最佳雙力偶解節(jié)面Ⅰ走向273°,傾角61°,滑動(dòng)角8°;節(jié)面Ⅱ走向179°,傾角83°,滑動(dòng)角151°;震源矩心深度為11.5 km,地震類型屬于走滑兼逆沖型。新疆哈密5.1級(jí)地震[圖1(b)、2(b)]最佳雙力偶解節(jié)面Ⅰ走向304°,傾角60°,滑動(dòng)角77°;節(jié)面Ⅱ走向148°,傾角32°,滑動(dòng)角111°;震源矩心深度為8 km,是以逆沖為主兼少量走滑分量的地震破裂事件。

    表 1 兩次地震震源機(jī)制解

    圖1 反演方差和震源機(jī)制解隨不同深度的變化圖Fig.1 Variation of the error plots and focal mechanism solutions with the focal depth

    圖2 理論地震圖與觀測(cè)地震圖(黑線為觀測(cè)地震圖,灰線為理論地震圖)Fig.2 Comparison between the synthetic and the observed seismograms (Black lines indicate the   observed seismograms,and ash lines indicate thetheoretical ones).

    致謝:本文使用了中國(guó)地震局甘肅區(qū)域地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)提供的波形資料,在此表示感謝!

    參考文獻(xiàn)(References)

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    Focal Mechanism Solutions of Two Moderate-strong

    Earthquakes of 2014 in the West Alax Block

    LI Chun-yan, XU Hui

    (EarthquakeAdministrationofGansuProvince,Lanzhou730000,Gansu,China)

    Abstract:After the Yutian, Xinjiang earthquake ofMS7.3 that occurred on February 12, 2014, the Mongolia earthquake ofMS4.9 and Hami, Xinjiang earthquake ofMS5.1 occurred on the western margin of the Alax block. This shows that seismic activity is strengthening on the western margin of the Alax block. The cut-and-paste (CAP) method performs inversion of the entire profile of an earthquake, the result of which has advantages of relatively small merit that rely on the modeling of speed and lateral movement of the earth’s crust. Its basic principle is splitting seismic broadband waveform data into Pnl wave and surface-wave parts, calculating the objective error function of the observed and theoretical seismograms, performing a grid search in the assigned parameter space, and searching for the focal mechanism and focal (centroid) depth using the two global minimum variances. In this study, using wave data from the Digital Seismological Network of Gansu Province and adopting the CAP method, we determined the focal mechanisms of the two earthquakes. The result shows that the focal mechanisms of the MongoliaMS4.9 and Hami, XinjiangMS5.1 earthquakes were strike-slip and thrust, respectively.Our analysis concludes that the occurrence of the MongoliaMS4.9 and Hami, XinjiangMS5.1 earthquakes exhibits a correlation with the interaction of the Qinghai-Tibet block and the Alax block.

    Key words:Alxa block; CAP method; focal mechanism solution

    DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-0844.2015.04.1129

    中圖分類號(hào):P315.332

    文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A

    文章編號(hào):1000-0844(2015)04-1129-03

    通信作者:徐輝,女,工程師,主要從事地震活動(dòng)性分析。

    作者簡(jiǎn)介:李春燕,女,工程師,主要從事地震分析預(yù)測(cè)工作。

    基金項(xiàng)目:國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41304048);甘肅省科技計(jì)劃(145RJZA186)

    收稿日期:①2014-08-01

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