On the Communication of Chinese Discourse Act from the Moral Perspective〔＊〕

Wu Ting

（School of Foreign Languages Southeast University，Nanjing Jiangsu 210096）

Ⅰ.Discourse act：proposition and discussion

Chinese discourse and Chinese dissemination are two main propositions of discourse act.Chinese historical study boasts its cultural heritage and value system.With the coming of the discourse era，discourse shows the literary identity of free people，namely pre-Qin classics，while history is being transformed.As for the Confucius classics，we can deem classic and history tradi-tions as the history of Chinese linguistics，while pre-Qin classics and poetry traditions show the discourse act of Chinese culture.

In the discourse age，discourse is used to open up an age by dissemination and change working styles.Despite that linguistic standards have national character，discourse dissemination act is confined in a natural scope.Therefore，discourse act has brought about a security mode of self-restriction.Thus，Chinese discourse has produced a value judgement that is contrary to the linguistic value，which is called “morality”，and the natural philosophy of language is called“Tao”.All discourse act is the awareness and tolerance of the heaven，earth and human.That is to say，etiquette and education have been integrated in Chinese discourse and discourse has been regulated as local study （Zhu Xi）.Moral foundation has gradually become the mainstream of Chinese discourse research.

The other discourse act of discourse study，which discusses how to civilize people on the basis of dissemination and how to establish national dissemination system，is just the opposite.The system of etiquette and education first discusses national dissemination system and regulates the discourse dissemination system and its etiquette implication.The famous modes of“small country with simple people”of Taoism and the“network dissemination”of Mohism are both based on discourse study dissemination.Mo-tse maintains the basic folk discourse thinking with the core of universal love.Discourse comes from the unified thinking，plan and management of cooperation network.Therefore，Motse’s discourse requires that all linguists respect and manifest the“mutual benefit”of labors of the lower class.The dissemination network of common people consists of the solid foundation of national management，which shows“social requirement”and“working according to one’s ability”.

We discuss discourse morality by combining it with Chinese discourse theory，which can solve the problem of how to realize the mutual transformation between our management，control and free life of people.No theory has a simple standard，and wisdom always comes from the folk practice.The“network”of nowadays information age is based on “mass dissemination”，and therefore，we can witness the “mutuality”of discourse in the network due to the discourse from different perspectives.At the same time，the commercial speculation of discourse shows its wisdom and magic.Therefore，the ancient discourse act theory id of great value.We cannot but admit that discourse dissemination，as the foundation of society，has formed language and word，which has brought about the sacred system of Confucian classics.Despite that “discourse”is a simple word，it shakes the world and changes our mind，which makes us give up outdated views and temperament and the change of the old look of the world.Only tools of national cultural dissemination have such mechanism and function since ancient times，and people are thus living in the guidance and supply of discourse.People now live in the world of discourse，the most of whom live in the judgment and punishment of it.People enjoy the rich supply of discourse and realize the mutual critics of dissemination age and discourse age.

Ⅱ.Discourse analysis：dissemination basis or moral basis

The two systems of Chinese linguistics and discourse dissemination show the integration of the sacred and the folk in ancient study of the Spring and Autumn Period，which fulfills the revitalization of world unification in the Han Dynasty.The Tang and Song Dynasties witness the detachment of discourse age and linguistic age with the evolved mainstream value of“the Four Books and Five Classics”，and literature opens up a leisure non-mainstream form as the representative of individual discourse.Therefore，we discuss the popularity and non-mainstream inclination of the discourse age，which implies the linguistic variation of different ages.It has become a dissemination phenomenon of current pursuit of concept and discourse in nowadays linguistic research theory.However，with the emerging of modern mainstream media，the non-stream discourse act dissemination still lingers in various forms of folk dissemination with the involvement of literates.On the contrary，“revolutionary literature”has integrated folk dissemination into the mainstream campaign of revolution.Since the“May 4th Movement”，discourse act dissemination has been spread in urban literature and entertainment culture，but with the mark of mainstream features.

“Discourse”is a frequently seen word in the current cultural and media study.Now that all knowledge of human is gained by“discourse”，there is no such thing that has nothing to do with“discourse”.“Discourse means that a social group disseminates its significance into society according to some rules so as to establish its social status and introduce it to other groups.”With the dissemination modes of printing media and electronic media transcending that of interpersonal communication，the concept of discourse has changed a lot.However，the birth of the internet is the product of a discourse system’s entrance the internet process.Therefore，the internet discourse act has transcended the instructive recognition of discourse.It can be seen that since market economy，the situation of folk discourse has been replaced by internet fashion and discourse duplication.

As a social language，if discourse act returns to the main body of“l(fā)anguage”，it will innovate，integrate into and develop the mainstream.But the variation and independence of discourse act should first be linked with society.The moral discussion of the research circle is both traditional and modern in the information age.Even the whole Chinese world has been isolated in the socalled“mass media”.The betrayal of discourse has twisted the mass as a personal world.Thus，the massive discourse has been amplified as the dissemination of many internet act.

Ⅲ.Discourse construction：Chinese discourse and the media system

Mass discourse has realized the establishment of human mechanism，and Chinese discourse has possessed public morality that transcends group and individuals.So far，the discourse regional morality has found the foundation of mass discourse，which is the management theory pit forward by Mo-tse.The production of discourse remains the same from various perspectives，while media network has constantly changed and become further until it has profoundly changed the pattern of public opinions.The dominance of traditional media of newspaper，broadcast and television have been gradually nibbled by the internet，which has become the major battle field of news spread.The internet has become the distributing center of thinking and culture as well as the amplifier of social opinions.We should notice that the theories of media-based society and morality-based society in ancient China boast profound historical and cultural wisdom.

First，discourse construction should show the ideological foundation of Chinese discourse.Chinese internet discourse is a discourse system which faces reality.Real discourse path，support of network value and ancient source of tradition need to be adopted so as to turn Chinese network discourse into a network system.Discourse system is a systemic and theoretical discourse group.Chinese ancient discourse system includes abundant family system，tribal system and national system and constructs rich value foundation of folk etiquette and customs.Construction of network in China has created endless discourse systems by combining theory and practice.We have put forward the idea of“Chinese dream”and the discourse system of“peaceful rise”in the network age.Chinese discourse is a system that faces the mass，which belongs to the nation as well as very Chinese.It is justifiable to say that the network system of Chinses discourse expresses the common expectation and ideal of people of all nationalities and interpret the nature and aim of Chinese Communist by using simple language.

Second，Chinese discourse should present the mechanism of modern public discourse.Chinese discourse，which faces the whole world，shares the universal character of world discourse.The media has created a giant discourse field，and information consumption has become a new form of discourse ideology，whose operation mechanism is a network discourse platform decided by politics，economy and culture.It incorporates and manifests various discourse forms，such as politics，economy，science，religion，morality，literature and art，and spreads them according to their intentions and modes.At present，Chinese discourse should embody the real China and the profound value and implication of Chinese ancient discourse.

Third，Chinese discourse should advocate the mainstream value thinking of ancient times.Safeguarding the mainstream value has always been the toughest national task for all societies.Therefore，Chinese discourse pays attention to the advocating of mainstream value.Chinese literates have always held an individual discourse awareness of being grateful and taken it as the discourse act of the sense of national responsibility.

In one word，we think that we should own the integrity of Chines culture and form the style of Chinese discourse.Language，as the power of civilization，can compete with any great power.Chinese discourse act dissemination shows the fine essence of Chinese moral civilization，social civilization and discourse civilization，digs out and passes on the essence of traditional Chinese culture and spreads socialist core value，which lays the foundation of the establishment of Chinese discourse right and the dissemination of discourse.With the coming of Chinese network age，Chinese discourse should show the discourse confidence of China，improve the national ideology of dissemination，express and safeguard cultural value and realize the moral revitalization of Chinese discourse act.

Ⅳ.Conclusion

Chinese Discourse and Chinese Dissemination are two main propositions of discourse act，which have their respective objects：Social public on the direct level which represent social opinions and the cultural right or decision-making level of all walks of life on the indirect level which represent tribal goal and government goal.The former stresses social responsibilities.The moral dissemination of China has highlighted the man body spirit of China，while the latter stresses the focus and discussion of“public agenda”.As Bernard Cohen points out that“media may not tell us how audiences think but what they think about”，Chinese Dissemination holds that discourse should possess the power of civilization.Therefore，the traditional view holds that discourse is a“righteous cause”，which is a“moral realm”with the spirit of main body.Therefore，discourse behavior is a realm of“enjoying the fruits after the people”.Therefore，the revitalization of Chinese discourse morality has its own significance as well as the confidence of its own spiritual world of main body.

Notes：

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