陳超
[摘要]目的:了解本地區(qū)學(xué)齡前兒童乳牙患齲情況,為今后的乳牙齲病防治工作的開展提供理論依據(jù)。方法:采用隨機(jī)分層抽樣的方法,對(duì)620名學(xué)齡前兒童按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)一進(jìn)行口腔檢查,并進(jìn)行記錄及統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。結(jié)果:620名學(xué)齡前兒童平均患齲率為61.94%,男童稍高于女童,患齲率分別為64.7%和59%,二者無顯著性差異?;箭x率隨年齡增長呈增高趨勢,3、4、5歲兒童的患齲率分別為45.2%、66.2%和72.6%。此外,學(xué)齡前兒童的患齲率與不良飲食習(xí)慣、口腔衛(wèi)生保健密切相關(guān)。結(jié)論:對(duì)就診兒童及家長進(jìn)行口腔保健指導(dǎo)及口腔衛(wèi)生知識(shí)宣傳對(duì)于降低患齲率的發(fā)生是非常必要的。
[關(guān)鍵詞]學(xué)齡前兒童;齲??;調(diào)查分析
[中圖分類號(hào)]R783 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A [文章編號(hào)]1008-6455(2014)06-0492-02
Investigation of clinical dental caries among pre-school children
CHEN Chao
(Department of Stomatology,Suzhou SIP Loufeng Hospital,Suzhou 215031,Jiangsu,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the caries prevalence of deciduous among pre-school children in order to guide the prevention and cure of the caries of deciduous teeth. MethodsPreschool students were selected by random sampling and the oral examination,disclosing agents were performed according to the same standard.ResultsThe average caries incidence rate was 61.94%,the figure was 64.7% and 59% in girls and boys,and there was no significant difference of caries prevalence between the male and female.The incidence rate increased with age.Furthermore, children's bad diet habits and oral hygiene behaviors were significantly corrected with children's dental caries. ConclusionIts a necessary to offer the children patient as well as their parents with oral health guidance and education to prevent the caries in the early stage.
Key word:pre-school children;dental caries;investigation
齲病是一種口腔臨床常見病,屬于多因素相關(guān)的復(fù)雜感染性疾病,通常由于口腔衛(wèi)生習(xí)慣、口腔環(huán)境、生活方式或飲食等因素的影響引起口腔內(nèi)酸堿的失衡以及多種菌群的失調(diào)所誘發(fā)的,WHO已將其列為危害人類健康的三大疾病之一[1]。尤其對(duì)于兒童而言,其自我保護(hù)意識(shí)不強(qiáng)、喜好甜食以及刷牙及口腔保健方法不當(dāng),往往易于齲病的發(fā)生,若治療不及時(shí),不僅直接影響兒童的咀嚼、食欲及消化和吸收,甚至影響病變?nèi)檠栏胶阊赖恼P螒B(tài)。為研究本地區(qū)3~5歲兒童口腔健康狀況和口腔疾病的患病情況,為日后制定合理的口腔疾病防治工作方案提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。本院于2013年6月~2013年4月對(duì)本地區(qū)620例3~5歲兒童進(jìn)行了調(diào)查研究,總結(jié)了兒童齲病的患病情況,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料和方法
1.1一般資料:依據(jù)WHO《口腔健康調(diào)查基本方法》和全國第三次口腔健康流行病學(xué)調(diào)查方案,采用多階段、分層隨機(jī)抽樣法,于2013年6月~2013年4月對(duì)本地區(qū)7所幼兒園620例3~5歲兒童進(jìn)行了調(diào)查,其中男320例,女300例。
1.2調(diào)查方法:檢查人員為本科室熟練掌握口腔內(nèi)科檢查的醫(yī)生,采用自然光線檢查,檢查器械為平面口鏡和探針,以視診和探針為主。齲病診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn):