圖說(shuō)2013年全球大事

文/From+bbc.co.uk+譯/張曉敏

Jimmy Greene kisses his wife Nelba Marquez Greene as he holds a portrait of their daughter， Sandy Hook School shooting victim Ana Marquez Greene， at a news conference at Edmond Town Hall in Newtown， Conn. on January 14， 2013. One month after the mass school shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School， the parents joined a grassroots initiative1） called Sandy Hook Promise to support solutions for a safer community.

Beijing's Forbidden City， obscured2） by thick smog on January 16， 2013. Since the beginning of 2013， the levels of air pollution in Beijing have been dangerously high， with thick clouds of smog chasing people indoors， disrupting air travel， and affecting the health of millions. At one point year 2013 the pollution level measured 40 times recommended safety levels. Authorities are taking short-term measures to combat the current crisis， shutting down some factories and limiting government auto usage.

President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama share a dance during the Commander-In-Chief Inaugural3） ball at the Washington Convention Center during the 57th Presidential Inauguration on January 21， 2013， in Washington.

A twin bomb attack at the finishing line of the Boston Marathon on April 15， 2013， killed three and injured more than 260. One of the suspects， Dzhokhar Tsarnaev， pleaded not guilty to all charges in his first court appearance. Mr. Tsarnaev's older brother Tamerlan， 26， was killed days after the attack during the massive police operation. He is also suspected of carrying out the attacks.

A farmer puts baskets of newly hatched ducklings in a hatch room at a poultry4） egg trading market in Wuzhen town， Tongxiang， Zhejiang province on April 18， 2013. China's poultry sector has recorded losses of more than 10 billion yuan （$1.6 billion） since reports emerged of a new strain of bird flu， an official at the country's National Poultry Industry Association told Reuters. An elderly man in eastern China died of bird flu on April 23， 2013， bringing the death toll from a strain that recently emerged in humans to 22， a provincial health agency reported.

In June， 2013， a swimming pool is surrounded by flood water from the river Elbe near Madgeburg in Germany. Heavy rainfall over Europe swelled many rivers past their flood stage， wreaking havoc5） unseen in decades across Germany， Austria， Switzerland， Hungary， Slovakia， Poland， and the Czech Republic. At least 18 people across the region were killed， and tens of thousands were evacuated6）.endprint

A Boeing 777 aircraft crash-landed at San Francisco international airport on July 6， 2013， killing two female Chinese teenagers who had been seated at the back of the aircraft and injuring dozens more. More than 300 people were on the Asiana Airlines Flight 214， from South Korea's capital， Seoul. Passengers and crew escaped down emergency slides as the plane burst into flames. A senior pilot in the cockpit only realized the plane was flying too slowly when it was 200 ft （60 m） above the ground， according to officials.

Typhoon Haiyan， one of the most powerful storms to make landfall7） ever recorded， swept through the central Philippines in November， 2013. The storm left a trail of devastation and killed almost 6000 people. After this picture appeared on the front of The Times and appeal posters， this boy was traced. Joshua Cator， 11， lost his mother and sister in the storm， though his father survived.

Nelson Mandela， the prisoner-turned-president who reconciled8） South Africa after the end of apartheid9）， died on December 5， 2013， at the age of 95. Nelson Mandela is the anti-apartheid icon and father of modern South Africa.

China's lunar rover10） Yutu （"Jade Rabbit"） is seen by a camera on the country's Chang'e 3 lander after both successfully landed on the moon on December 14， 2013. This was China's first lunar rover mission and the first soft-landing on the moon in 37 years.

2013年1月14日，在康涅狄格州紐敦鎮(zhèn)的埃德蒙市政廳舉行的一場(chǎng)新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，桑迪·胡克小學(xué)槍擊案受害者安娜·馬克斯·格林的父親吉米·格林手拿女兒的照片親吻妻子奈爾芭·馬克斯·格林。桑迪·胡克小學(xué)發(fā)生大規(guī)模槍擊案一個(gè)月之后，這對(duì)父母加入了民間倡議活動(dòng)“桑迪·胡克的承諾”，以支持建立更安全的社區(qū)的各種解決方案。

2013年1月16日，北京的故宮籠罩在濃重的霧霾中。自2013年年初以來(lái)，北京的空氣污染等級(jí)一直居高不下，極具危害。濃重的霧霾將市民逼到室內(nèi)，導(dǎo)致航班中斷，數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的健康受到影響。在2013年內(nèi)，空氣污染指數(shù)一度達(dá)到安全指數(shù)的40倍。為了應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)危機(jī)，相關(guān)部門采取了一些短期措施，關(guān)閉了一些工廠，并限制政府公車使用。

2013年1月21日，美國(guó)第57屆總統(tǒng)就職典禮在華盛頓舉行，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)巴拉克·奧巴馬與第一夫人米歇爾·奧巴馬在華盛頓會(huì)議中心舉辦的總統(tǒng)就職舞會(huì)上共舞。

2013年4月15日，在波士頓馬拉松比賽終點(diǎn)線附近發(fā)生了兩起爆炸事故，導(dǎo)致三人死亡，260多人受傷。其中一名嫌犯焦哈爾·察爾納耶夫在第一次出庭時(shí)對(duì)所有指控請(qǐng)求做無(wú)罪辯護(hù)。爆炸發(fā)生幾天后，察爾納耶夫26歲的哥哥塔梅爾蘭在警方大規(guī)模的抓捕行動(dòng)中身亡。塔梅爾蘭也是參與此次爆炸案的嫌犯之一。

2013年4月18日，在浙江桐鄉(xiāng)烏鎮(zhèn)的一個(gè)禽蛋交易市場(chǎng)上，一位農(nóng)民把一筐筐剛孵化出的小鴨子放進(jìn)孵化室里。中國(guó)畜牧業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)禽業(yè)分會(huì)的一名官員告訴路透社記者，據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，自新一輪禽流感爆發(fā)以來(lái)，中國(guó)家禽業(yè)損失100多億元（16億美元）。據(jù)一家省級(jí)衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)報(bào)道，2013年4月23日，中國(guó)東部地區(qū)的一名老人因感染禽流感死亡，至此，死于這種新型致病性禽流感的人數(shù)達(dá)到22人。

2013年6月，一個(gè)游泳池被發(fā)自德國(guó)馬德堡附近易北河的洪水包圍。歐洲普降暴雨，致使許多河流水位超過(guò)警戒線，給德國(guó)、奧地利、瑞士、匈牙利、斯洛伐克、波蘭和捷克造成了數(shù)十年未見(jiàn)的災(zāi)難性后果。該區(qū)域至少有18人死亡，數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的居民被疏散。

2013年7月6日，一架波音777飛機(jī)在舊金山國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)降落時(shí)墜毀，坐在飛機(jī)尾部的兩名中國(guó)女中學(xué)生遇難，數(shù)十人受傷。這架從韓國(guó)首都首爾出發(fā)的韓亞航空214航班上共搭乘了300多名乘客。飛機(jī)起火時(shí)，乘客和機(jī)組人員自緊急逃生滑梯逃出。據(jù)官方消息，駕駛艙里的一位高級(jí)駕駛員在飛機(jī)距地面只有200英尺（約60米）時(shí)才意識(shí)到飛機(jī)當(dāng)時(shí)速度過(guò)慢。

2013年11月，有氣象記錄以來(lái)登陸的最強(qiáng)臺(tái)風(fēng)之一“海燕”橫掃菲律賓中部，所到之處，損失慘重，導(dǎo)致近6000人遇難。這張照片刊登在《泰晤士報(bào)》頭版并出現(xiàn)在號(hào)召援助的海報(bào)上后，人們查探出了照片中男孩的遭遇。這個(gè)孩子名叫喬舒亞·卡特，當(dāng)時(shí)11歲，在臺(tái)風(fēng)中失去了母親和姐姐，只有父親幸免于難。

2013年12月5日，納爾遜·曼德拉，這位結(jié)束了種族隔離制度并把南非團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)的曾在監(jiān)獄中度過(guò)一段歲月的總統(tǒng)與世長(zhǎng)辭，享年95歲。曼德拉是南非反種族隔離的標(biāo)志性人物，也是現(xiàn)代南非之父。

2013年12月14日，中國(guó)“玉兔號(hào)”月球車和“嫦娥三號(hào)”著陸器成功登陸月球，上圖是通過(guò)“嫦娥三號(hào)”上安裝的攝像機(jī)拍攝到的“玉兔號(hào) ”。這是37年來(lái)中國(guó)首次完成探月任務(wù)并實(shí)現(xiàn)月球軟著陸。

1. initiative [??n???t?v] n. 主動(dòng)的行動(dòng)；倡議

2. obscure [?b?skj??（r）] vt. 遮掩；使模糊不清

3. inaugural [??n??ɡj?r?l] adj. 就職的

4. poultry [?p??ltri] n. 家禽

5. havoc [?h?v?k] n. （天災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等帶來(lái)的）大破壞，大毀滅

6. evacuate [??v?kjue?t] vt. 疏散；撤離

7. landfall [?l?ndf??l] n. 著陸；登陸

8. reconcile [?rek?nsa?l] vt. 使一致；調(diào)和

9. apartheid [??pɑ?ta?t] n. 種族隔離制度

10. lunar rover： （在月球表面進(jìn)行探測(cè)的）月球車endprint