詞匯短語園地(3)

1. trust v. 信賴，信任，相信

Why do you trust a guy like him?

你為什么要信任他這樣的家伙呢?

trust in sb/sth 相信，信任，信賴

She needs to trust more in her own abilities.

她需要更加相信自己的能力。

比較：trust和believe的區(qū)別

trust和believe都作“信任（深信不疑）”講時(shí)，固定短語是trust sb和believe in sb（in不可省略）。而單獨(dú)作“相信”講時(shí)，只能是believe sth，trust不能與sth連用。

2. amount n. 數(shù)量

amount用作名詞時(shí)意為“數(shù)量，金額”等，用于a great/large/amount of 這類結(jié)構(gòu)，其后通常接不可數(shù)名詞。

A large amount of damage was done in a short time.

短期內(nèi)造成了大量損害。

注意：

這類結(jié)構(gòu)用作主語，其謂語的數(shù)取決于amount的數(shù)。

A large amount of money was spent on the bridge.

Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge.

人們在這座橋上花了大量資金。

3. raise v. 籌措（金錢）；提升，舉起，提起

His wife raised money by selling her jewellery.

他的妻子賣了她的珠寶來籌錢。

The box is too heavy; I cant raise it.

盒子太重了，我舉不起來。

比較：raise和rise的區(qū)別

兩個(gè)詞都有“提高，上升，增加”的意思，但其用法不同。

(1) raise是及物動詞，發(fā)出此動作的通常是人，可用于被動語態(tài)，意為“舉起，提高”，如抬頭、舉（手、目、帽、石頭、重物等），還可用于比喻，如提高政治覺悟（生活水平、地位、名譽(yù)、聲音等）。

(2) rise 是不及物動詞，不能用于被動語態(tài)，意為“上升，升起，起身，起立（此時(shí)主語是人），上漲”，以及“（日、月、星等）升起到地平線上”。

Please raise your hand if you know the answer.

（請舉手，主語是“你”）

The sun rises in the east.

（太陽升起，主語是“太陽”）

(3) raise和rise用于同一事物時(shí)含義不同。

The price of TV sets has been raised recently.

（政府或廠家主動行動，提高價(jià)錢）

The price of TV sets has risen recently.

（市場自動調(diào)節(jié)導(dǎo)致提價(jià)，與銷售商無關(guān)）

(4) 過去式比較：raise—raised—raised；rise—rose—risen

4. lively adj. 活潑的，有生氣的

比較：lively，alive，living和live的區(qū)別

(1) lively adj. 活潑的，有生氣的

She may be 80, but shes still lively.

她也許有八十歲了，但仍然精力充沛。

(2) alive adj. 活著的，有活力的，有生氣的，活躍的

The injured man is unconscious but still alive.

傷者不省人事但仍活著。

(3) living adj. 活著的；生活的

n. 生活，生計(jì)

Every living person has a name.

每一個(gè)活著的人都有名字。

Their stardard of living is very low.

他們的生活水平很低。

(4) live adj. 活的，活生生的；實(shí)況直播

That is a live fish.

那是一條活魚。

It wasnt a recorded show. It was live.

那不是錄下來的節(jié)目，是直播。

5. quarrel v. 吵架，爭吵；吵嘴

n. 口角；爭吵；拌嘴

(1) quarrel (with sb) about/over sth 因……（與某人）吵架

She quarrelled with her brother over their fathers will.

她和弟弟因父親遺囑的事起了爭執(zhí)。

(2) quarrel (between A and B) about/over sth 因……（某人

與某人之間）吵架

A quarrel between good friends is a very unfortunate thing.

好朋友之間吵架是很不幸的事。

6. regret v. 后悔，悔恨

regret to do 對要做的事感到遺憾（未做）

regret doing 對做過的事感到遺憾、后悔（已做）

I regret to say I cannot accept your suggestion.

我很遺憾不能接受你的建議。

I regret having to make so many staff redudant.

我很遺憾不得不裁減這么多職員。

7. forgive v. 原諒，寬恕

(1) forgive sb sth 原諒某人的某行為

I forgave him his crimes.

我饒恕了他的罪行。

(2) forgive ones doing sth 原諒某人做的某事

Forgive my interrupting you.

請?jiān)徫掖驍_你了。

(3) forgive sb for doing sth 原諒某人做某事

I cannot forgive myself for not seeing my mother before she died.

我不能原諒自己在母親臨終前未去看她。

8. loss n. 損失

Their losses had been enormous.

他們損失慘重。

The accident caused a great loss of time.

車禍造成大量時(shí)間上的損失。

1) at a loss 不知所措；困惑

2) a sense of loss 失落感

9. predict v. 預(yù)言，預(yù)測

It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so moody.

他如此喜怒無常，所以很難預(yù)知其反應(yīng)如何。

prediction n. 預(yù)言，預(yù)測，預(yù)告

predictable adj. 可預(yù)見的，可預(yù)料的

10. mention v. 提到，涉及

mention用作動詞意為“提及，提到”，是及物動詞，其后的賓語有三種形式。

(1) 后接名詞、代詞作賓語，其后不再加上介詞about/of。

誤：The old man didnt want to mention about his painful past.

正：The old man didnt want to mention his painful past.

那位老人不愿提及他傷心的過去。

誤：Did Lucy mention of it?

正：Did Lucy mention it?

露西提到過它嗎?

(2) 后接動名詞作賓語，一般不接不定式作賓語。

Nobody mentioned going there to help her.

沒有人提起過要去那里幫助她。

(3) 后接從句作賓語。

John mentioned that he had a lot of things to do.

約翰提到他有許多事要做。

not to mention 更不用說；且不說

11. burst out 突然發(fā)生，突然……起來

I couldnt help myself and burst out laughing.

我控制不住自己，大笑起來。

比較：burst into和burst out的區(qū)別

兩者都可以表示“突然（發(fā)生某種情況或進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)）”，但它們的用法不同。burst into后常接名詞，而burst out后常接動名詞形式，若接名詞，則其前通常加介詞into。

When he took the floor, the gathering burst into thunderous applause.

當(dāng)他發(fā)言時(shí)，參加集會的人群中爆發(fā)出雷鳴般的掌聲。

He burst out crying like a child．

他突然像孩子似的哭了起來。

They burst out into song．

他們突然唱起歌來。

12. keep in touch 保持聯(lián)系

lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系

Take care of yourself and dont forget to keep in touch.

多保重，不要忘了保持聯(lián)系。

Write to me as often as you can. I don t want to lose touch with you.

盡可能常給我寫信，我不希望和你失去聯(lián)系。

1) be in touch with 同……有聯(lián)系

2) be out of touch with 同……失去聯(lián)系

3) get in touch with 和……取得聯(lián)系

13. (be) on good/bad terms with 與某人關(guān)系很好/不好

I am glad to be on good terms with my classmates.

我很高興能和同學(xué)們和睦相處。

Being on bad terms with ones neighbors can be a very disturbing experience.

與鄰居關(guān)系不好可能是一種非常惱人的經(jīng)歷。

(1) get on with一般用于get on with sth，意思是“講到/談?wù)撃橙俗瞿呈氯绾蔚暮?出色”，或是表達(dá)“繼續(xù)做某事”。

I am not getting on very fast with this job.

我這份工作進(jìn)展不太快。

Be quiet and get on with your homework!

安靜些，趕緊做你的作業(yè)！

(2) get along with 友善；與……和睦相處

I am sure you would get along very well with him.

我確信你會跟他相處得很好。

Wings

The fried-chicken restaurant where I was working had a big rush just before closing one day, leaving us with nothing to sell but wings.

As I was about to lock the doors, a quietly intoxicated customer came in and ordered dinner. When I asked if wings would be all right, he leaned over the counter and replied, “Lady, I came in here to eat, not fly.”