詞匯短語(yǔ)園地

1. load vt. 裝；裝載

n. 負(fù)荷物

Have you finished loading up？

你們裝完了貨沒(méi)有？

It took an hour to load the van.

把貨物裝進(jìn)貨車花了一個(gè)小時(shí)。

I have a fairly light teaching load this term.

這學(xué)期我的教學(xué)負(fù)擔(dān)相當(dāng)輕。

load...with... 把……裝上……

a load of/loads of 大量，許多

2. fire vt. & vi. 開火；啟動(dòng)；開除，解雇

He ran into the bank and fired his gun into the air.

他沖進(jìn)銀行朝天鳴了槍。

The captain ordered his men to start firing.

上尉命令士兵開火。

They fired him for stealing from the company.

他們因其盜竊公司財(cái)物而開除了他。

fire off 開槍；射擊

fire at/into/on 向……開槍

3. power vt. 供給動(dòng)力；驅(qū)動(dòng)；快速前進(jìn)

n. 權(quán)力；勢(shì)力

The plane is powered by three jet engines.

這架飛機(jī)由三臺(tái)噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)。

The racing car powered down the home straight.

賽車在終點(diǎn)直道上疾馳。

The power of the governments has increased greatly over the past century.

最近一個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來(lái)，各國(guó)政府的權(quán)力大大增強(qiáng)了。

take power 掌權(quán)

political power 政權(quán)

come into power 開始執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán)

power station 發(fā)電站

make power 發(fā)電

4. shape vt. 造成……形狀

n. 外形，形狀；狀態(tài)，情況

The bird shaped its nest from mud and sticks.

鳥用泥土和小樹枝做成鳥巢。

You have to shape the clay before it dries out.

你必須在黏土干之前把它塑成型。

Houses are built in all shapes and sizes.

所建房屋的形狀和大小各不相同。

Our garden is in good shape after all the rain.

我們的花園在下過(guò)那么多雨之后情況良好。

get （yourself） into shape 強(qiáng)身健體

out of shape 走樣的；身體不好，不健康

in the shape of 呈現(xiàn)……形狀

5. limit n. 范圍；限度；限制

Ill help as much as I can， but there is a limit to what I can do.

我會(huì)盡力幫忙，但我所能做的也是有限度的。

I cant walk ten miles； I know my limits.

我走不了十英里，我知道自己體力的限度。

set limits/a limit to 對(duì)……加以限制

without limits 無(wú)限制地

within limits 有一定限制；在某種程度上

6. charge n. 費(fèi)用；價(jià)錢；職責(zé)；責(zé)任

vt. 要價(jià)，收費(fèi)；控告

The charge for admission is five dollars.

入場(chǎng)費(fèi)是五美元。

（1） be in charge of... 負(fù)責(zé)

She has been in charge of the sales department for five years.

她負(fù)責(zé)銷售部門已經(jīng)有五年了。

（2） charge...for... 向……收費(fèi)/要價(jià)

How much do you charge for a double room？

一間雙人房你們收費(fèi)多少？

（3） be charged with 受到……指控

He was charged with stealing the jewels.

他被指控偷竊珠寶首飾。

7. run out（某物）用完；不多了；沒(méi)有了

Our food soon ran out.

我們的糧食很快就吃完了。

Have you nearly finished？ Time is running out.

你快做完了嗎？時(shí)間快到了。

run after 追趕；追蹤；追求；追逐

run away 逃跑；離家

比較：run out/run out of 的區(qū)別

run out/run out of 都表示“用完了”的意思。前者是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)為時(shí)間、金錢、食物等名詞；后者為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示主動(dòng)含義，主語(yǔ)一般為人，也可為物。

Our supplies soon ran out.

我們的補(bǔ)給很快耗完了。

She has run out of her money during her vacation.

在她的假期中她已經(jīng)把錢花光了。

8. rely on（upon）依靠；依賴；信任；信賴

They have to rely on the river for their water.

他們用水只好依靠這條河。

（1） rely on sb doing sth 依靠某人做某事

Rely on me doing it.

放心好了，我會(huì)做那件事的。

（2） rely on sb to do sth 指望/相信某人做某事

You can rely on me to help you.

你盡管信賴我一定幫助你。

You cant just rely on your parents to support you.

你不能只指望你父母養(yǎng)活你。

比較：rely on和depend on的區(qū)別

兩者都有依靠的意思，rely on表示在過(guò)去經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上依賴、相信某人或某物，希望得到支持；depend on表示出于信賴而依靠某人或某物，以取得支持，但這種信賴可能以過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)或了解為依據(jù)，也可能沒(méi)有。

These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.

現(xiàn)在，我們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬弦蕾囯娔X來(lái)安排我們的工作。

The organization depends on the government for most of its income.

這個(gè)組織的收入主要依靠政府撥給。

9. for a start 首先；第一

Im not working there—for a start， its too far to travel.

我不去那兒工作——首先，路太遠(yuǎn)，去不了。

He should never have been picked for the team； for a start， he has not had enough experience.

他根本就不該入選球隊(duì)，首先，他經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。

at the very start 一開始

from the start 從一開始

from start to finish 自始至終

10. use up 用完；耗盡

Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.

把剩下的菜全部用來(lái)做湯是個(gè)好主意。

Try not to use up all the flour.

盡量別把所有的面粉都用完。

11. look out 小心；當(dāng)心；留神

此短語(yǔ)用于表示警告，尤其是指有危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候。

Look out！ Theres a car coming！

小心點(diǎn)！一輛汽車開過(guò)來(lái)了！

You should look out for pickpockets.

你應(yīng)當(dāng)提防扒手。

Do look out for spelling mistakes in your work.

一定要當(dāng)心你作業(yè)中的拼寫錯(cuò)誤。

12. carry out 執(zhí)行，實(shí)行；完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)

My question is how to carry out the plan.

我的問(wèn)題是怎么實(shí)施這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。

Our planes carried out a bombing raid on enemy targets.

我們的飛機(jī)執(zhí)行了一項(xiàng)轟炸敵方目標(biāo)的任務(wù)。

carry off 輕而易舉地完成（任務(wù)，職責(zé)等）

carry on 繼續(xù)做；堅(jiān)持

carry through 使渡過(guò)難關(guān)；使撐到底

13. free of charge 免費(fèi)

Your order will be delivered free of charge within a ten-mile limit.

在十英里的范圍內(nèi)，你的訂貨將免費(fèi)送上門。

Its free of charge. You are lucky to be the 1000th customer of the shopping centre.

這個(gè)是免費(fèi)的。你有幸成為我們購(gòu)物中心的第1000名顧客。

14. get stuck 圍住；陷入……之中

The car got stuck in the mud.

那輛車陷入泥漿之中。

Many people got stuck in the rain because it came all of a sudden.

許多人因?yàn)榇笥晖唤刀焕渲小?