院士風(fēng)采

陳家鏞

1922.02.17～

化學(xué)工程學(xué)家。四川成都人。1943年畢業(yè)于中央大學(xué)化工系。1951年獲美國(guó)伊利諾大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國(guó)科學(xué)院化工冶金研究所研究員。在加壓濕法冶金方面，與同事采用加壓氨浸法處理難選氧化銅礦獲得成功；進(jìn)行了從紅土礦和硅酸鎳礦濕法提取金屬鎳、鈷的研究，為援外工程做出了貢獻(xiàn)。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)開(kāi)展?jié)穹ㄖ迫⌒滦蛷?fù)合涂層粉末并持續(xù)進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)，解決了國(guó)防工業(yè)上的急需。深入進(jìn)行氣—液—固三相反應(yīng)器及分離工程的基礎(chǔ)性研究，為發(fā)展新設(shè)備及優(yōu)化操作打下基礎(chǔ)。結(jié)合我國(guó)礦產(chǎn)資源特點(diǎn)，發(fā)展高效萃取分離釩與鉻、鎢與鉬及鐵與有用金屬的新方法。又發(fā)展了從酵母液中分離一些抗生素如青霉素及潔霉素的新過(guò)程，許多新過(guò)程獲得了專利。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemical engineering expert. Born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemical Engineering, National Central University in 1943. Received Ph. D. from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA in 1951. Research professor, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Together with his coworkers, Chen successfully developed a process of high pressure ammonia leaching of refractory oxidized copper ore as well as the hydrometallurgical process to recover nickel and cobalt in metallic form from laterite and nickel silicate ore, making contributions to the program of aiding foreign countries. He led the preparation of different kinds of composite coated powders and the production in pilot plant scale for the national defense industry. He conducted fundamental research on the gas-liquid-solid phase reactor and the separation engineering for developing effective equipment and optimum conditions. With regard to the features of China’s mineral resources, he developed new and effective processes for the separation of vanadium from chromium, tungsten from molybdenum and iron from other valuable metals, and new solvent system for the recovery of antibiotics such as Penicillin G and Lincomycin from filtered fermentation liquor. He has been granted a number of patents for the new processes he developed.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

武遲

1914.12.16～1988.03.01

石油化工專家。浙江杭縣人。1936年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)化學(xué)系。公費(fèi)留美，1939年獲美國(guó)麻省理工學(xué)院碩士學(xué)位。1950年回國(guó)后，在清華大學(xué)等校任教授。石油化工科學(xué)研究院副院長(zhǎng)、總工程師。在參加鉑重整等煉油新工藝開(kāi)發(fā)，利用煉廠氣制取聚合級(jí)丁二烯和生產(chǎn)順丁橡膠等攻關(guān)會(huì)戰(zhàn)中，發(fā)揮了技術(shù)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用，使中國(guó)石油化工工業(yè)進(jìn)入新的發(fā)展階段。參與組織了分子篩催化劑提升管催化裂化新工藝的研究和開(kāi)發(fā)，推進(jìn)了新型雙功能重整催化劑的研制和擇形分子篩催化劑在石油化工中的應(yīng)用，均取得顯著成效。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Petro-chemical specialist. Born in Hangxian, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University in 1936 and M.Sc. from MIT, USA in 1939. Returned to China in 1950. Professor, Tsinghua University, and chief engineer and vice president, Research Institute of Petro-Chemical Engineering.

Univer Wu’s leadership, a number of key problems in the development of petro-chemical technology were solved, such as the platinum reforming technology, the process of producing polymer grade butadiene from refinery gas and the production of butadiene rubber. These achievements have promoted China’s petrochemical industry to a new stage. He also led and participated in the research and development of riser catalytic cracking technique and promoted the application of bifunctional reforming catalyst and shape-selective zeolite catalysts in petro-chemical industry, with outstanding achievements obtained.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

査全性

1925.04.11～

化學(xué)家。生于江蘇南京。1950年畢業(yè)于武漢大學(xué)化學(xué)系。武漢大學(xué)教授。早年曾對(duì)陰、陽(yáng)離子和非離子型表面活性物質(zhì)在電極表面上的吸附于聯(lián)合吸附過(guò)程，以及它們對(duì)電極反應(yīng)過(guò)程的影響做過(guò)比較系統(tǒng)的工作，所總結(jié)出的規(guī)律對(duì)選擇電鍍添加劑和電池緩蝕劑具有一定的指導(dǎo)意義。70年代中在燃料電池和空氣電池的研究中，對(duì)氣體電極（氫、氧）催化劑和多孔氣體擴(kuò)散電極的極化過(guò)程有較深入的研究。在對(duì)空氣電極表面上固體析出（“冒鹽”）和液體析出（“冒汗”）機(jī)理研究的基礎(chǔ)上，制出了長(zhǎng)壽命氣體電極和組裝成功200瓦氨空氣燃料電池系統(tǒng)，曾在微波中繼站使用。80年代從事光電化學(xué)催化，高必能鋰電池及生物酶電極研究。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Nanjing, Jiangshu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University in 1950. Professor, Wuhan University.

In his early years, Zha systematically researched the electrode adsorption of anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants and the influence of these surfactants on the kinetics of electrode reactions. The basic principles derived from his study have been successfully applied in the selection of electroplating additives and corrosion inhibitors for batteries. In the 1970s, he studied the polarization of gas-diffusing electrode, gas-diffusing electrode. He was able to make long life gas electrode used for his 200w ammoniaair fuel cell system which has found application in microwave relay stations. Since the 1980s, he has been engaged in the study of photoelectrochemical catalysis, high energy density lithium batteries and enzyme electrodes.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

顧翼東

1930.03.04～1996.01.21

化學(xué)家。江蘇蘇州人。1923年畢業(yè)于東吳大學(xué)化學(xué)系。1925年獲美國(guó)芝加哥大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位，1935年獲該校博士學(xué)位。復(fù)旦大學(xué)教授。除教學(xué)外，從事我國(guó)豐產(chǎn)素鎢、鉬、鈮及稀有元素化學(xué)的研究，開(kāi)展有關(guān)液—固體系平衡相圖及溶劑萃取的工作。首先提出了內(nèi)在還原法制備藍(lán)色氧化鎢，以及倒滴加法制備活性粉狀白鎢酸及鈮酸。又從后者制得一系列已知和未見(jiàn)諸文獻(xiàn)的含鎢化合物。在稀土分離和化合物性質(zhì)研究方面，進(jìn)行了稀土亞砜、加合物的制備，酰代吡唑酮、多碳亞砜、二苯羥乙酸作為萃取劑。從離子交換淋出液中回收EDTA、銅及輕稀土也取得成果。

1980年當(dāng)選為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Dongwu Uninversity in 1923. Received MS in 1925 and Ph.D. in 1935 from the University of Chicago, USA. Professor, Fudan University.

In addition to teaching in the University, Gu has been engaged in the investigation of tungsten, molybdenum, niobium and tantalum chemistry, rare elements chemistry as well as liquidsolid phase diagram and solvent extraction. He first proposed the inner reduction method for the preparation of blue tungsten oxide and reverse droplet addition method for the preparation of reactive white tungstic acid powder and niobic acid. A lot of known and unknown tungsten containing compounds were prepared. In the fields of rare earth compound separation and property research, he prepared rare earth sulfon adduct compounds by using acetypyrazolidone, alkyl sulfon, and diphenylhy-droxyacetic acid as extraction solvents. He has made important achievements in the recovery of EDTA, copper and light rate earth materials from the ionic exchange elution.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.