那須互助之家，栃木，日本

建筑設計：+ NEW OFFICE

那須互助之家，栃木，日本

Yuimarl Nasu，Tochigi，Japan，2011

建筑設計：+ NEW OFFICE

Architects: + NEW OFFICE

1 外景/Exterior view

這里是讓老人們終身棲息的家園，由獨立的70戶住宅，以及配套的食堂、圖書室、音樂室等公用房間以及活動空間組成。

項目的建設目標是能讓老人在美好的自然環(huán)境中享受每一天，在集體居住中體驗安心的生活。為此，我們希望能讓居住者們在日常生活中積極對話、一起活動，為他們建立能夠互幫互助的生活場所。

為了營造舒緩但又緊密的聯系感，70戶住宅并非直接構成一個社區(qū)，而是以12～18戶為單位形成5個組團。日?；顒拥目臻g以組團為主，又能擴展到整個社區(qū)。住宅樓采用2戶1棟的形式，互相保持獨立，有富余的空間和充分的采光通風，環(huán)繞著供活動使用的中庭以及公共設施樓。同時，各棟住宅都向著中庭伸出平臺，讓人們能自然地融入到中庭的活動中去，也讓居住者之間能夠自然地感知對方，形成利于互幫互助的氛圍。此外，建筑的規(guī)劃也利用了曾為樹林的場地中的高差，在形成多種序列感的同時，也通過控制居住者的視線高度來保護隱私。

在項目進展的過程中，從規(guī)劃階段開始，就以申請入住的老人為中心舉辦了持續(xù)一年多時間的研討活動，以了解居住者對于設計規(guī)劃和運營方針的意見。由于從這一階段就開始培養(yǎng)社區(qū)意識，居住者們在入住之后能夠順利地熟悉新的生活環(huán)境，也在認同設計理念的基礎上創(chuàng)造出獨特的生活方式。

在材料的使用上主要選擇了綠色建材，墻和天花的內裝則使用了能調節(jié)濕度的材料。施工現場為了減少建筑垃圾，墻面和屋頂面都采用了在工廠將所有材料加工成預制板、再搬入現場進行組裝的施工方法。此外，建筑的結構、地面和外表面的材料都使用了原色的當地杉木材。設計者希望柔和的木材能給入住者的內心帶來溫暖的感受，讓他們更多地展露笑臉。

現在，項目也在積極地吸引當地居民前來，希望能成為促進自然和文化交流的區(qū)域中心，也成為安全、令人安心的社會交往網絡中的一環(huán)。設施的許多入住者也充分發(fā)揮他們的本領和興趣來投身這項工作，甚至發(fā)行了設施內專用的貨幣。我們希望在這樣的日常生活中孕育出的社區(qū)精神也能自然地傳承給下一代人。（司馬蕾 譯）

2 總平面/Site plan1-食堂/Canteen2-日間護理設施/Day care facility3-音樂室/Music room4-自由活動室/Function room5-圖書室/Library3 概念演進/Concept development

This is a permanent habitat for the elderly. The project is composed of 70 households along with public facilities including canteen，library，music room and other activity spaces.

The aim of the project is to create a place for elders to enjoy everyday life in natural beauty and savor the sense of peace in collective living. To achieve the purpose，we took great efforts to provide stages for the residents to actively engage in conversations and exercises and to support each other in daily life.

To create an atmosphere of relaxed yet close connection，the 70 households，rather than constituting one community directly，are grouped into 5 clusters with each consisting 12 to 18 households. The units provide basic space for daily use，while life can extend into the whole community.The houses adopt the duplex form，each consisting two independent household units with plenty of open space，sunshine and ventilation，and are placed around the courtyard and public building where various activities take place. In addition，all houses have balconies on the courtyard side，which enable the elders to attend outdoor activities naturally and make it easier for them to see each other and support each other. The building plan also utilizes original height difference on the site of former woods to create various sequences as well as to protect residents' privacy by controlling the eye level.

Since the initial planning，for more than a year through the process of the project，there have been workshops for prospective elder tenants to discuss their opinions on housing design and management. Since the community was already cultivated during that time，it was easier for the elders to adapt to the environment smoothly after moving in and to create their unique life styles based on shared design concept.

Recyclable materials are applied generally in the project，while humidity-control materials are chosen for interior walls and ceilings. To reduce construction waste，walls and roofs were prefabricated into panels in factories，carried to the construction site and then assembled. Moreover，local cedars with original color are widely used for structuring，flooring，and as exterior material. It is expected that the mild touch of wood could warm the hearts of residents and create smiles on their faces.

Currently，local inhabitants of the region are invited to the home to make the place a community core through natural and cultural communications，and to take responsibility in creating a social network of safety and security. Residents also make the best of their special skills and hobbies to take part in the work. They even created a special currency for internal use. We hope that the sense of community and life style born in daily life would be naturally inherited by the next generation.

4 外景/Exterior view5 小徑/Passage in the site

6 庭院/Courtyard7 剖面/Section

項目信息/Credits and Data

主持建筑師/Principal Architects: 瀨戶健似，近藤創(chuàng)順/ Kenji Seto，Sojun Kondo

結構設計/Structural Design: Ohno JAPAN

暖通設計/HAVC Design: 知久設備規(guī)劃研究所/CHIKU ENGNEERING CONSULTANTS

植物顧問/Plant Adviser: 山崎誠子/Masako Yamazaki

照明顧問/Illumination Consultor: 米津誠太郎/Seitaro Yonetsu

基地面積/Site Area: 9978.05m2

基底面積/Building Area: 3561.04m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 3528.26m2

首層面積/Ground Floor Area: 2773.06m2

二層面積/First Floor Area: 755.20m2

層數/Floor Number: 一層，局部二層/One storey with partial two storeys

設計時間/Design Period: 2008.09-2011.06

建造時間/Construction Period: 2010.04-2010.11（1期/ PhaseⅠ），2011.03-2011.12（2期/PhaseⅡ）

攝影/Photos: 新澤一平/Ippei Shinzawa

10.11 餐廳外景/Exterior views，restaurant

12 多功能室外景/Exterior view，multipurpose room

13 餐廳內景/Interior view，restaurant

評論

劉燕輝：那須離東京很近，是日本著名的高原休養(yǎng)地，風景十分優(yōu)美。這個項目營造出自然疏朗的山間村落形態(tài)，空間靈動通透。每個組團圍合成了尺度適宜的鄰里街坊空間。每戶有面向內院的窗戶，門外是一圈風雨走廊，組團中心是花園小徑，這層層遞進的空間創(chuàng)造了老年人互動和交往的氛圍。建筑形式既自然又不失新意，材料大量采用原生木材，給在城市中生活工作大半生的老年人回歸自然、融入自然的感覺，傳統(tǒng)與現代感將結合的設計及給老年人積極活躍的心理暗示。該項目可以說是養(yǎng)生度假類養(yǎng)老項目中值得學習的典范。

劉玉龍：建筑組團順應地形和自然條件，形成幾個圍合庭院，自然主義的庭院花草創(chuàng)造了居于鄉(xiāng)野的放松的氛圍。建筑物的小尺度和杉木外墻，以及沿著庭院的輕巧樓梯和外廊鋼柱強化了這一氛圍。在住宅空間中對各種使用需求都做了細致的劃分，建筑室內的木質地板、白色墻面和框景的外窗反映了日本傳統(tǒng)建筑所具有的輕巧纖薄的性格。入口處的小小玄關在滿足了換鞋等功能需求的同時，更創(chuàng)造了介于居室和廊下之間的又一重非此非彼的模糊空間。

14 住宅內景/Interior view，apartment

Comments

LIU Yanhui: In close proximity to Tokyo，Nasu is a renowned highland resort in Japan with picturesque scenery. This project creates naturally sparse mountain villages with clear，lively space. Each group is enclosed into a neighborhood of proper dimensions. Every household has windows facing the courtyard，while an open gallery circles around the doors； in the center of each group is a garden path. Layers of progressive space enable interaction and communication among the elderly. The architectural style is both natural and innovative. Plenty of native timber is used in the project； for the elderly who have spent the majority of their life in cities，this certainly evokesa sense of returning to the embrace of nature. The overall design，at once traditional and modern，brings the elderly positive and active psychological hints. This project is an exemplary case in resort projects for the elderly.

LIU Yulong: The building cluster follows the topography and natural conditions，forming several courtyards and creating a relaxing idyllic atmosphere with its naturalistic plantation. This atmosphere is further enhanced by the buildings' small scale，their cedar cladding material as well as the light stairs and porches supported on slim steel columns. The living space is carefully divided according to various programs. Wood floor，white-painted wall and sceneryframing windows represent the feeling of lightness which is characteristic of traditional Japanese architecture. The little doorway at the entrance not only provides a utilitarian space for one to change shoes，but also creates a positively ambiguous inbetween space connecting the porch and the living room.

15 圖書室內景/Interior view，library16 音樂室內景/Interior view，music room