“描述描寫類”文段的寫作方法

邱彩花

“描述描寫類”文段通常要求學(xué)生描寫敘述所見到的情景、發(fā)生的事情、事物的現(xiàn)象特征、工作經(jīng)歷、對(duì)某人或某事物的印象、風(fēng)俗習(xí)俗、自然景色、季節(jié)特點(diǎn)、事物的外貌特征、心理情緒、工作情況、職位、性格特征、能力等等。同學(xué)們可以根據(jù)具體的情況選用合適的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)寫，此外，在寫作時(shí)可以運(yùn)用一些修辭手法使描述生動(dòng)形象，同時(shí)運(yùn)用一些恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B貫詞使文章條理清晰。

一、句式模板

二、真題示例

描述清潔工工作的艱辛（2013廣東高考）

1. It is universally acknowledged that street cleaners are always the toughest workers in the world because they are required to get up early in the morning and work till midnight. Besides， they are bound to work despite the strong sunshine or freezing cold. Their work helps to beautify the city but their pay is far from good.

2. Cleaning streets seems to be the toughest work in the world. Street workers not only start working at the early morning but also go home at late evening regardless of bad weather. However， they are neither well-paid nor praised.

三、語(yǔ)段練習(xí)

1. 描述一下你家鄉(xiāng)秋天的景色。

主題句：我家鄉(xiāng)秋天的美麗是無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)的。

綜合練習(xí)

讀寫任務(wù) 閱讀下面短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。

Smog has dangerous impact on people's lives and has become one of those issues in China that affects everyone badly. According to the national observatory， 104 cities in more than 20 provinces last year reported PM2.5 readings at more than 300， classified as severe， the highest in the six-level rating system. The governments blamed the lack of wind， coal burning in the north， exhaust fumes from the cars， and industrial pollution from the factories in the Yangtze River delta. The smog is getting worse daily and reaching almost all corners of the country. Earlier this year， even Hainan， well known for its blue skies and sandy beaches， was covered in heavy smog.

Media are regularly reporting on diseases linked directly to pollution. An eight-year-old girl who lived beside a busy road in Jiangsu had become the youngest lung cancer patient. Her doctor said her illness was the result of her breathing in pollutants from car exhaust fumes.

It is time that the government leaders learnt from those lessons and takes steps to introduce China's own Clean Air Act. They have paid greater mind to pollution， but much more needs to be done to ease the country's worsening smog crisis.

[寫作內(nèi)容]

1. 以約30個(gè)詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容。

2. 以約120個(gè)詞就“smog霧霾”的話題談?wù)勀愕目捶?，?nèi)容包括：

（1）霧霾給生活和健康帶來(lái)的影響；

（2）描述一次你想象的或真實(shí)的見到霧霾的情景；

（3）你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該采取什么措施來(lái)減少霧霾天氣的發(fā)生。

[寫作要求]

1. 作文中可以使用親身經(jīng)歷或虛構(gòu)的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校名稱。

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]

概括準(zhǔn)確，語(yǔ)言規(guī)范，內(nèi)容合適，語(yǔ)篇連貫。

參考范文

語(yǔ)段練習(xí)

1. The beauty of my hometown in autumn is beyond words. It is great pleasure walking in the woods with fallen leaves， yellow or red， on the ground and fresh air around. Nothing can drag my eyes away from the beautiful scenery. With the birds singing around， I just feel as if I were in a dream.endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

綜合練習(xí)

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者單位：河源市東源中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

綜合練習(xí)

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者單位：河源市東源中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

綜合練習(xí)

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者單位：河源市東源中學(xué)）

責(zé)任編校 蔣小青endprint