金融英語——常用詞匯(九十三)

credit scoring信貸記分

A statistical technique used to determine whether to extend credit (and if so, how much) to a borrower.

用于決定是否授信給借款人的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法。

credit spread信貸息差

A spread option position in which the price of the option sold is greater than the price of the option bought.

投資人賣出其期權(quán)與其買入另一個(gè)期權(quán)的價(jià)差。是指當(dāng)某種證券的期權(quán)短頭寸大于該證券的期權(quán)長頭寸時(shí)，投資人可以從經(jīng)紀(jì)人賬戶中獲得的信貸資金。

credit squeeze信貸緊縮

Government measures designed to limit the supply of credit in the economy, in order to curb inflation by controlling growth in the money supply.

政府限制經(jīng)濟(jì)中的信用供給量，以通過控制貨幣供給來控制通貨膨脹的方法。

credit swap信用互換

A swap designed to transfer the credit exposure of fixed income products between parties.

將固定收入產(chǎn)品的信用在雙方間轉(zhuǎn)移的互換。

credit union信用合作社

A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members.

由成員所有并經(jīng)營的非盈利金融機(jī)構(gòu)。

credit unions信用合作社

A non-profit financial institution that is owned and operated entirely by its members.

是指消費(fèi)者信貸合作的一種形式，近年來在美國發(fā)展很快。這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)以低息發(fā)放個(gè)人短期貸款，其信貸資金的來源是會員的存款。

creditor 債權(quán)人

A person or business that has a claim to the assets of a business; a person or business to which money is owed. May be secured (the debt has been registered against the property of the debtor) or unsecured.

給他方信貸的個(gè)人或組織。別人欠其金錢的人。

creditworthiness信譽(yù)度

A creditor's measure of an individual's or company's ability to meet debt obligations.

債權(quán)人衡量個(gè)人或公司還債能力的指標(biāo)。

critical mass關(guān)鍵規(guī)模

The size at which a business or market undergoes a fundamental change in regard to operations.

一家公司發(fā)展非常重要或關(guān)鍵的階段。

CRM客戶關(guān)系管理

Customer relationship management.Those aspects of a business strategy which relate to techniques and methods for attracting and retaining customers.

與公司吸引和留入客戶的方法和策略有關(guān)的公司策略部分。

CROGI總投資現(xiàn)金回報(bào)率

A measure of financial performance calculated as gross cash flow after taxes divided by gross investment.

一種衡量財(cái)務(wù)表現(xiàn)的指標(biāo)，計(jì)算方法為稅后總現(xiàn)金流除以總投資額。

cross交叉交易

When a broker receives a buy and sell order for the same stock at the same price, and subsequently makes a simultaneous trade between two separate customers.

一名經(jīng)紀(jì)收到對同一股票、價(jià)格一樣的買入及賣出指示，然后促成兩名獨(dú)立客戶之間的交易。

cross default連帶違約

A provisions in a bond indenture or loan agreement that puts the borrower in default if the borrower defaults on another obligation.

債券或貸款協(xié)議條款，規(guī)定若借方對另一項(xiàng)債務(wù)責(zé)任違約即會被視為對協(xié)議中的債務(wù)責(zé)任違約。

cross hedge交叉對沖

Hedging one instrument's risk by taking a different position witha related derivatives contract.

是指根據(jù)不同標(biāo)的資產(chǎn)或不同的交割期，運(yùn)用期貨或遠(yuǎn)期合約為某商品或證券頭寸的價(jià)格波動套期保值的一種避險(xiǎn)策略。例如，在外匯市場上，某種通貨沒有遠(yuǎn)期外匯市場，則可以買賣另一種與它相關(guān)聯(lián)的遠(yuǎn)期通貨，以此避免損失。

cross hedging交叉持股

Hedging one instrument's risk by taking a different position with a related derivatives contract.

上市公司持有其他上市公司發(fā)行的證券。

cross rate交叉匯率

The exchange rate between two currencies expressed as the ratio of two foreign exchange rates that are both expressed in terms of a third currency. Foreign exchange rate between two currencies other than the U.S. dollar, the currency in which most exchanges are usually quoted.

是指按對第三種貨幣比價(jià)計(jì)算的兩種貨幣之間的匯率。例如，通過美元對人民幣的匯率和美元對法國法郎的匯率，得出人民幣對法國法郎的匯率。