中外攝影 文化交流合作的新平臺(tái)

戚永曄

2012年3月20日到25日，一場(chǎng)在杭州揭曉的攝影大賽評(píng)選活動(dòng)，為這座婉約之城添加了深沉而有力的元素——第八屆國(guó)際新聞攝影比賽(簡(jiǎn)稱“華賽”)在這里揭曉，無(wú)數(shù)優(yōu)秀攝影記者和攝影師，帶著他們角度獨(dú)特、內(nèi)容犀利的作品，來(lái)到杭州接受世界各國(guó)評(píng)委們的審閱和終評(píng)。幾天的時(shí)間里，“華賽”成了回蕩在這座城市上空響亮的聲音。

我沒(méi)有錯(cuò)過(guò)激烈的評(píng)選過(guò)程和盛大的揭曉儀式?！叭A賽”迄今為止已經(jīng)舉辦七屆，積累了相當(dāng)國(guó)際性、學(xué)術(shù)性和公信力的“華賽”，第一次距離我那么近。

從浙江走出來(lái)的攝影師和作品

在國(guó)內(nèi)外眾多獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)咧?，我們看到了不少身邊的熟悉身影。浙江日?qǐng)?bào)的攝影記者吳煌就是其中之一，他拍攝的組照《音樂(lè)節(jié)上的年輕人》獲得了文化及藝術(shù)類新聞組圖優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng)。

因?yàn)楣ぷ髟颍以啻蜗騾腔图s稿，這位年輕而爽朗的攝影師總是有求必應(yīng)，周圍的人都被他對(duì)文藝、音樂(lè)、潮流這些關(guān)鍵詞的喜好所感染。吳煌拍攝的作品忠實(shí)呈現(xiàn)了在杭州太子灣公園舉辦西湖國(guó)際音樂(lè)節(jié)期間，近萬(wàn)名年輕人盡情享受著音樂(lè)、啤酒、草地帶給他們的快樂(lè)的場(chǎng)面，讓人過(guò)目難忘。

另一位曾在《都市快報(bào)》工作的攝影記者賈代騰飛也很吸引眼球，一組名為《搖晃的財(cái)富——民間借貸風(fēng)波下的溫州》的照片，擊敗了無(wú)數(shù)優(yōu)秀的外國(guó)攝影師，獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)及科技類新聞組圖金獎(jiǎng)。

在旁人的介紹下，我很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，原來(lái)這位金牌攝影師2005年才剛剛畢業(yè)。但年輕并不意味著作品分量不夠——2011年，他的照片《我們還年輕》榮獲中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)新聞攝影金鏡頭獎(jiǎng)。今年情人節(jié)前夕，他拍攝的《流水線上的愛(ài)情》還被中央電視臺(tái)《新聞周刊》欄目報(bào)道，并被騰訊網(wǎng)、《中國(guó)青年報(bào)》等媒體轉(zhuǎn)載。這次他的華賽獲獎(jiǎng)組照，則反映了被譽(yù)為社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)“先行者”的溫州民營(yíng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，在時(shí)下社會(huì)背景下的行業(yè)百態(tài)。

有人告訴我，賈代騰飛這組照片，其實(shí)真正打動(dòng)評(píng)委的有兩張：一是長(zhǎng)相酷似鄧小平、又滿懷對(duì)改革開(kāi)放的總設(shè)計(jì)師愛(ài)戴之情的溫州東方打火機(jī)執(zhí)行董事李中堅(jiān)，在自己的工廠內(nèi)身著特型服裝，準(zhǔn)備出演影視劇；另一張是少年時(shí)就開(kāi)始研習(xí)武術(shù)的溫州挺宇集團(tuán)董事長(zhǎng)潘挺宇在車間里展示自己的南派刀法，這位有趣的企業(yè)家創(chuàng)業(yè)后一直以南拳作為特有的企業(yè)文化。兩張照片都沒(méi)有復(fù)雜的攝影技巧，卻實(shí)實(shí)在在記錄了兩位溫州企業(yè)家的形象，并窺斑見(jiàn)豹，打造出“會(huì)說(shuō)話的照片”之效果。

此外，來(lái)自青年時(shí)報(bào)、溫州日?qǐng)?bào)、今日早報(bào)等浙江省內(nèi)報(bào)社的攝影記者們紛紛在今年的華賽中獲獎(jiǎng)。而他們鏡頭中精心記錄的錢塘潮、蒼南再生棉加工、杭州樓盤等題材的作品，也讓今天的浙江以更多元化的圖像展現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)外新聞工作者和攝影愛(ài)好者面前。

越來(lái)越積極的題材和立意

除了關(guān)于浙江、杭州的題材如黑馬般躍進(jìn)了國(guó)內(nèi)外攝影愛(ài)好者的眼中之外，走讀整個(gè)華賽評(píng)獎(jiǎng)過(guò)程，不難感覺(jué)到，江南佳麗地的山水風(fēng)情，也影響著評(píng)委們對(duì)獲獎(jiǎng)作品題材和立意的評(píng)判。

路透社記者高潤(rùn)·托馬斯維克的作品《利比亞沖突》獲得2011年度新聞?wù)掌螵?jiǎng)。中國(guó)新聞攝影學(xué)會(huì)主席、華賽組委會(huì)主席于寧認(rèn)為該圖片反映了人們對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)災(zāi)難的抗?fàn)?，?duì)和平與發(fā)展的渴望。除了大獎(jiǎng)之外，于寧對(duì)其他作品也不吝贊美，他說(shuō)，獲獎(jiǎng)作品展現(xiàn)了過(guò)去一年人類社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、文化生活的現(xiàn)實(shí)圖景。鏡頭捕捉的一瞬，凝聚著攝影師的心血，蘊(yùn)藏著他們堅(jiān)定的信念與忘我精神。

今天來(lái)到了杭州西湖邊的“華賽”，相比于世界上另一項(xiàng)攝影大獎(jiǎng)——“荷賽”來(lái)說(shuō)，后者傾向于反映人類的苦難和困頓；而前者的主題“和平與發(fā)展”則更加積極。從某種角度來(lái)說(shuō)，二者一揚(yáng)一抑、形成互補(bǔ)。顯然，山水清麗的杭州，有著很多讓“華賽”落地于此的理由。

來(lái)自《武漢晚報(bào)》的王翮也是我早就熟識(shí)的攝影記者。他拍攝的武漢東湖山水風(fēng)光，曾多次讓我驚嘆不已。沒(méi)想到這次，他以組照《中國(guó)南方旱澇急轉(zhuǎn)》奪得非戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)災(zāi)難類重大新聞組照銀獎(jiǎng)，同時(shí)這也是本屆“華賽”上唯一獲得該類獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)的作品。

《中國(guó)南方旱澇急轉(zhuǎn)》講述了2011年由于受到“拉尼娜”現(xiàn)象的影響，極端氣候頻頻發(fā)生。4月，長(zhǎng)江中下游94.5%地區(qū)先后遭受干旱。長(zhǎng)江部分航道水位跌破15米枯水線，上千萬(wàn)畝禾苗枯萎；湖北1300座水庫(kù)低于“死水位”。329萬(wàn)人飲水困難。進(jìn)入6月份，長(zhǎng)江中下游地區(qū)出現(xiàn)了較強(qiáng)降水，湖北、湖南等地降下大到暴雨，導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)旱澇急轉(zhuǎn)。

原本這是一個(gè)充滿了災(zāi)難色彩的題材。但在王翮的鏡頭下，卻截取了這樣幾個(gè)畫面：一株嫩綠色植物的幼苗在干涸的河床上生長(zhǎng)；垂釣者與鵝群共享干涸之后魚群豐富的河道水洼；水位持續(xù)下降、不斷顯露灘涂的長(zhǎng)江上漁民準(zhǔn)備捕魚；一名司機(jī)從幾乎被淹沒(méi)的汽車?yán)锵蛲鈴埻?；武漢東湖水位暴漲后，武漢大學(xué)的畢業(yè)生穿著長(zhǎng)袍在被淹沒(méi)的石橋上玩耍。

每一個(gè)畫面，都呈現(xiàn)出災(zāi)難背后，人和自然難能可貴的樂(lè)觀向上的精神，而這種積極的立意，正是整個(gè)“華賽”中的強(qiáng)音。我問(wèn)王翮：“獲得華賽銀獎(jiǎng)后有哪些心得體悟？”他的回答很簡(jiǎn)單，只有七個(gè)字：“紀(jì)實(shí)、深刻、有余味?！?/p>

中國(guó)同世界攝影交流合作的新平臺(tái)

確如王翮所言，深刻而有余味的積極立意，是這次落地于杭州的“華賽”最大亮點(diǎn)。

美國(guó)評(píng)委瑪麗安·戈龍已是二度來(lái)杭，她說(shuō)：“華賽正在逐漸成長(zhǎng)，組織水平提高得非常快，投來(lái)的稿件也越來(lái)越有意思。”

媒體發(fā)布會(huì)上，主辦方表示，這屆華賽，既是一次世界各國(guó)新聞攝影人的佳作同臺(tái)競(jìng)技的公平大賽，也是中國(guó)的新聞攝影向世界展示、世界的新聞攝影向中國(guó)展示的最佳窗口，是中國(guó)的攝影人同世界各國(guó)攝影人交流合作的新平臺(tái)。通過(guò)華賽，中國(guó)攝影人進(jìn)一步了解了世界，世界攝影人也進(jìn)一步了解了中國(guó)。

根據(jù)主辦方提供的數(shù)據(jù)，這屆“華賽”，共收到來(lái)自世界五大洲50多個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)、2300多位攝影記者和攝影師的近3萬(wàn)幅作品，其中外國(guó)參評(píng)作品占總數(shù)的60%多，而其中，國(guó)內(nèi)攝影師收獲頗豐，一共有25件中國(guó)作品獲獎(jiǎng)，這一系列數(shù)據(jù)表現(xiàn)出“華賽”已成為當(dāng)代中國(guó)攝影文化同當(dāng)代世界攝影文化緊密溝通的一座橋梁，所形成的“華賽精神”，對(duì)于當(dāng)今世界迅猛發(fā)展的圖像文化、視覺(jué)文化起到積極的推動(dòng)作用。

在賽后，我又很欣喜地得知，這種推動(dòng)作用還會(huì)在很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里對(duì)浙江和杭州產(chǎn)生影響。這次活動(dòng)主辦單位之一的杭州西湖博覽會(huì)辦公室副主任黃峰告訴我，杭州市還有意把“華賽”的后續(xù)工作納入西湖博覽會(huì)的項(xiàng)目之中。“在今年10月舉行的西湖博覽會(huì)期間，杭州市擬舉辦第八屆華賽頒獎(jiǎng)典禮、華賽論壇和歷屆華賽獲獎(jiǎng)作品展，使其在更多的百姓中產(chǎn)生影響，深刻改變我們的審美和生活，讓華賽成為浙江省和杭州市文化建設(shè)新的亮點(diǎn)?！?/p>

中國(guó)新聞攝影學(xué)會(huì)執(zhí)行主席、第八屆華賽評(píng)委主席趙德潤(rùn)也說(shuō)，他還希望能把美麗的杭州打造成華賽之都。□

Drought Swings Fast to Flood in Southern China, by Wang He Eighth China International Press Photo Contest in Hangzhou

By Qi Yongye, our special reporter

From March 20 to 25, 2012, judges of the 8th China International Press Photo Contest gathered in Hangzhou, the capital city of east-ern Chinas coastal Zhejiang Province, to take a look at the entries from all over the world. China International Press Photo Contest is an annual photo event organized by China Photojournalists So-ciety. The first contest was held in 2005.

This year, more than 2,300 photojournalists from over 50 countries and regions submitted over 30,000 pieces. Foreign photographers contributed 60 percent of the total entries. At the eighth China International Press Photo Contest, themed "Peace and Development," 11 foreign and 5 Chinese photographers won the top prizes in eight categories.

Some photographers from Hangzhou won awards at this contest. Wu Huang, a photographer with Zhejiang Daily, won excellence award in the category of culture and art photography. His photos headlined “Young People at Musical Festival” offered insight into youth, energy and passion. The said music festival was West Lake International Music Festival last year held at Prince Bay Park on the West Lake. During the festival, young people hanged out there on the lawn, happy with beer and music. The photographs captured good moments of their happiness.

Jia Daiteng, a photojournalist with City Press of Hangzhou, won the gold medal for the category of business and technology with a set of photographs entitled “Fortune Vicissitudes: Wenzhou in Pri-vate Lending Crisis.”

I was surprised to learn that the gold-medal photographer was young. He graduated from collage in 2005 and he is now a hotshot photojournalist. In 2011, he won a top photojournalist prize in the category of domestic journalism. Before Valentines Day 2011, his photographs entitled “Romance on Assembly Lines” were pub-lished in News Weekly of CCTV and reprinted in various main-stream media. His entries for this contest offered a vivid insight into the flourishing private sector of Wenzhou, a port city in southern Zhejiang where private entrepreneurs broke boldly away from the planned economic mode in the early years of the reform. I was told that two in the set won the hearts of the judges. In one photograph is Li Zhongjian, the executive director of Oriental Lighters Group, who looks like Deng Xiaoping and works wearing special suit in his own factory, ready to appear in the shooting of a television drama. In the second photograph, Pan Tingyu, president of Tingyu Group of Wenzhou, shows his broadsword kongfu in a workshop. Jia Dait-eng used no fancy techniques to photograph the two entrepreneurs, but the pictures tell stories worth more than one thousand words.

In addition to Wu Huang and Jia Daiteng, photographers from local media such as Youth Times of Hangzhou, Morning News of Hangzhou, and Wenzhou Daily of Wenzhou also won top awards in various categories. They photographed, among other things, the magnificent tidal waves of Qiantang River, recycled cotton process-ing in Cangnan, and housing market in Hangzhou, revealing the colors and diversity of a general picture of Zhejiang to media work-ers both at home and from overseas.

Thinking of the prizewinning photographs I viewed during the contest, I noticed that Hangzhou as a scenic city in the south of the Yangtze River Delta exerted a subtle influence on the judges.

"War in Libya," the work of Reuters photojournalist Goran To-masevic, won China's international press photo contest. Yu Ning, the chairperson of the organizing committee of this contest, spoke highly of the prizewinning photo. He observed that it reflected peo-ples fight against war and disaster and their yearning for peace and development. Yu Ning spared no words to praise other prizewin-ning photographs, saying that these images depicted a real picture of economic, political and cultural life of humanity. These captured memorable moments and depicted the faith and commitment of these photographers.

The China International Press Photo Contest came to Hangzhou in 2012. For many, the city deserved the honor to host the impor-tant event. Compared with World Press Photo contest reflecting the hardships of humanity, the China International Press Photo Contest focused upon peace and development as its theme in 2012. The two themes were complimentary. The China International Press Photo Contest has now become a platform for communications and inter-actions between China and the rest of the world.

MaryAnne Golon, who used to work as Time magazines direc-tor of photography until June 30, 2008, has visited Hangzhou twice. She said that CHIPP was growing fast with better management and better contributions.

The organizing committee remarked that the contest provided a platform for fair competition and friendly exchanges of photo-journalists from all over the world and that it served as window for the world to examine the work of Chinese journalists. This contest promotes the mutual understanding between Chinese photographers and those from overseas. □