院士風采

周澤昭1902.01.18～1990.04.12

外科學家、醫(yī)學教育家。四川江津人。1926年畢業(yè)于中山大學醫(yī)學院。歷任北京醫(yī)院院長、第一軍醫(yī)大學校長、重慶醫(yī)學院院長、廣西壯族自治區(qū)衛(wèi)生廳顧問等職。他在抗日戰(zhàn)爭中，冒著槍林彈雨，全力投入戰(zhàn)地救護，還編印了《救護手冊》、《戰(zhàn)爭毒氣病的病理治療》、《戰(zhàn)爭外科學》手冊等。他創(chuàng)建了中央醫(yī)院，為戰(zhàn)地救護和保證中央主要領導同志，特別是毛澤東主席的健康作出了貢獻；在開展教學、醫(yī)療、科研三結(jié)合的活動中他取得了顯著成績。他認真貫徹執(zhí)行毛主席團結(jié)中西醫(yī)的政策，為中醫(yī)事業(yè)的發(fā)展作出了貢獻，并組織和參與了斜頸矯形的研究工作，設計了“完全性纖維中間切斷術(shù)”用于手術(shù)方法矯正斜頸，摒棄了手術(shù)后石膏固定改做早期運動。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Medical expert. Born in Jiangjin, Sichuan Province. Graduated from the Mecical School of Zhongshan University in 1926. President,Beijing Hospital, First Military Medical University and Chongqing Medical College, and Advisor, Health Burear of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.

During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Zhou devoted himself, under a hail of bullets, to the battlefield rescue. He compiled several handbooks, including “Battlefield Rescue”, “Treatment of War Poisonous Gas Sickness” and “War Surgery”. He was the founder of the Central Hospital, which contributed greatly to the battlefield rescue and ensured the health of Party leaders, especially Chairman Mao. He also made great achievements in teaching,medical work and scientific research. He was particularly serious in the implementation of the policy on combining traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine and made great contributions to the development of traditional Chinese medicine. He organized and participated in the research on the correction of torticollis and designed an operation named “complete between-fiber amputation” used for wryneck corrections, which required patients to do early exercise instead of plaster fixation after surgery.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

胡經(jīng)甫1896.11.21～1977.02.01

昆蟲學家。原籍廣東三水，生于上海市。1917年畢業(yè)于東吳大學生物系，獲理學學士學位，1919年獲碩士學位。1922年獲美國康奈爾大學哲學博士學位。軍事醫(yī)學科學院研究員。從事生物學和昆蟲教學科研工作50余年，做出了重要貢獻。所編著的《中國的石蠅》和《中國昆蟲名錄》為中國昆蟲學巨著之一，記載了昆蟲25目、392科、4968屬、20069種；抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭中，參加反細菌戰(zhàn)調(diào)查，受到表彰。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Entomologist. Born in Shanghai. Graduated and received his B.Sc.from the Department of Biology, Dongwu University. Received MS in 1919 and Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1922. Professor, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences.

Hu was engaged in the teaching and research on biololgy and entomology for over 50 years. “The Stoneflies of China” and “The Catalogues of Insectorum Sinensium” edited by him, were monumental works on entomology in China. In these books, he scientifically described or recorded 25 orders, 392 families, 4,968 genera and 20,069 species of insects. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea (1950 ～ 1953)，he took part in the investigations of antibacterial warfare and was commented by the government for his work.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

承淡安1899.08.08～1957.07.10

醫(yī)學家。江蘇江陰人。1932年至1933年赴日本考察針灸。江蘇省中醫(yī)學校教授、校長。從事中醫(yī)內(nèi)科和針灸教學研究工作。1930年創(chuàng)辦針灸學研究社，參與研習者數(shù)千人，遍及國內(nèi)及朝鮮、日本、越南、新加坡等國。1933年社中附設針灸講習所。1935年成立了針灸?？茖W校，制定了較為全面的針灸治療傷寒的方法，在理論方面有很高造詣，如對《傷寒論》、經(jīng)絡、腧穴、針法等均有精辟論述。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Medical expert. Born in Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province. Was in Japan from 1932 to 1933 on an investigation tour of acupuncture. Professor and president, Traditional Chinese Medical School, Jiangsu Province.

Cheng was engaged in the teaching and research of traditional Chinese internal medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion. He was the founder of the Research Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in 1930, which attracted thousands of participants from China, Korea,Japan, Vietnam and the Singapore. The Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, which was initially affiliated to the Society in 1933, was expanded to a professional training school in 1935. He worked out a very comprehensive method used for the treatment of exogenous febrile diseases by applying acupuncture and moxibustion. His brilliant expositions of “Treatise on Febrile Disease” and his achievements on “Jinghou” (Channels and Collaterals), “Shu point”, acupuncture therapy and so on demonstrated his great attainments in the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

鄭萬鈞1904.06.24～1983.07.25

林學家、教育家、樹木學家。江蘇徐州人。1923

年畢業(yè)于南京江蘇第一農(nóng)校林科。1939年留學法國，獲圖盧茲大學博士學位。中國林業(yè)科學院研究員、院長。在森林地理學和樹木學研究中，深入調(diào)查、考察與進行定位試驗，用動態(tài)的觀點研究森林生態(tài)、林木生理、樹木生長及林業(yè)經(jīng)濟指標，提出科學經(jīng)營林業(yè)技術(shù)措施與管理方法，倡導試驗森林地理學；根據(jù)樹木外部形態(tài)及地理分布鑒別樹種，還要研究樹種的環(huán)境條件、生活習性、適應性能和利用價值，主要經(jīng)濟樹種要在不同地區(qū)、海拔成片栽植，研究生長發(fā)育規(guī)律，創(chuàng)立了實驗樹木學；先后發(fā)表了60余篇科學論文，組織編寫了中國樹木志等重要學術(shù)專著；命名了100余個樹木新種和3個新屬。1948年與胡先骕先生聯(lián)合發(fā)表的活化石—水杉，被世界植物學界譽為近一個世紀以來最大的科學貢獻之一；培養(yǎng)了大批林業(yè)教育、科學研究人才，做出了重大貢獻。

1955年被選聘為中國科學院院士（學部委員）。

Forest scientist, educator and dendrologist. Born in Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Forestry, Jiangsu First Agricultural School in 1923. Went to France in 1939 and received Ph. D. from Truz University. Professor and president, Chinese Academy of Forest Sciences.

In his research on forest geography and dendrology. Zheng applied his dynamic point of view to the studies of forest ecology, tree physiology, tree growth and the economic indices of forestry through his in-depth investigations, surveys and long-term experiments. He proposed scientific forest management techniques and administration methods and advocated experimental forest geography. He developed a series of methods that could be applied to the identification of tree species based upon their external morphological characteristics and their geographic distrbutions. He proposed that the major economically-important tree species should be planted in different regions and altitudes in order to study their growth and development,and this should be done based on the environmental conditions and the living behavior, adaptability and the value of utilization of tree species.He developed the experimental dendrology, published over 60 scientific papers, and organized the compilation of important scientific books,such as “Chinese Trees”. He described over 100 new tree species and 3 new genera. In 1948, he and Hu Xianxiao jointly published an article on their findings of the livefossil Metasequoia glyptostroboides,botanists all over the world considered this as one of the most important scientific contributions in near a century. He trained many qualified professionals for the education and research on forest sciences in China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.