院士風(fēng)采

惲子強(qiáng)1899.04.28～1963.06.22

化學(xué)家。湖北武昌人。1920年畢業(yè)于南京高等師范學(xué)校數(shù)理化部，1924年畢業(yè)于東南大學(xué)化學(xué)系。早年在其兄、著名青年領(lǐng)袖惲代英影響下參加革命工作，曾在寧、豫、遼、粵、鄂、滬等地從事過(guò)教育工作。1949年起任中國(guó)科學(xué)院辦公廳副主任、編譯局副局長(zhǎng)、中國(guó)科學(xué)院東北分院副院長(zhǎng)、數(shù)理化學(xué)部副主任等職。在長(zhǎng)期擔(dān)任科學(xué)組織工作和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)管理工作中，為發(fā)展中國(guó)的科技事業(yè)和培養(yǎng)科研、教學(xué)人才，組織科技隊(duì)伍為過(guò)敏經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)防建設(shè)服務(wù)等均做出了貢獻(xiàn)。在籌建全國(guó)自然科學(xué)專門學(xué)會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)、組建中國(guó)科學(xué)院學(xué)部和制定中國(guó)第一個(gè)發(fā)展科技的十二年遠(yuǎn)景規(guī)劃中多有建樹。

1955 年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Wuchang, Hubei Porvince. Graduated from Nanjing Normal School in 1920 and the Department of Chemistry of Southeastern University in 1924.

Under the influence of his elder brother, Yun Daiying, a well-known youth leader, Yun joined the revolution and was engaged in education in Nanjing, Henan, Liaoning, Guangdong,Hubei and Shanghai. From 1949. he served in the Chinese Academy of Sciences as deputy director of the General Office,deputy director of the Editorial Office and Languages Translation,vice president of the Nrotheastern Division, and deputy director of the Division of Mathematics, Physics and Chemsitry. He devoted himself to the organization, management and education of scientific activities. He did excellent work in organizing unions of scientific societies and in making the Twelve-Year Scheme for the Development of Science and Techenology(1956～1967).

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

唐敖慶1915.11.18～2008.07.15

化學(xué)家。江蘇宜興人。1940年畢業(yè)于西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)化學(xué)系。1949年獲美國(guó)哥倫比亞大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金委員會(huì)名譽(yù)主任，吉林大學(xué)教授、名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)。50年代起進(jìn)行有關(guān)分子內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn)的阻礙勢(shì)函數(shù)及高分子反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)的統(tǒng)計(jì)理論研究。60年代后系統(tǒng)地開展配位場(chǎng)理論的研究，得到了從連續(xù)群到點(diǎn)群的群分解鏈；擴(kuò)大了維格納—卡特定理的應(yīng)用范圍，建立了一種計(jì)算旋軌耦合作用的新方案。70年代，配合化學(xué)模式生物固氮作用的研究，開展了分子氮絡(luò)合作用的化學(xué)鍵理論研究。在分子軌道圖形理論的研究中，利用分子圖的拓?fù)湫再|(zhì)得到了共軛分子的本征多項(xiàng)式和分子軌道的一般表達(dá)式。80年代主要進(jìn)行分子固化理論與標(biāo)度研究和原子簇化學(xué)的研究工作。多次組織全國(guó)性專題研討班并親自任課，培養(yǎng)了一批國(guó)內(nèi)著名學(xué)者和學(xué)術(shù)帶頭人。

Chemist. Born in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Southwestern Associated University in 1940. Received Ph.D. from Columbia University in 1949. Honorary president, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and professor and honorary president, Jilin University.

In the 1950s, Tang was engaged in the studies of hindered potential functions of intramolecular rotation and in developing the statistical theory of kinetics of polymer reactions. After the 1960s, he studied systematically coordination field theory,obtained the chain of decomposition from continuous group to point group, extended the range of application of Wigner-Eckart Theorem, and developed a new method for the calculation of spin-orbital coupling. In the 1970s, he studied the bonding properties of dinitrogen coordination compounds in connection with the fixation of nitrogen, and furthermore, on the basis of the topological properties of molecular orbital, he developed a new method for calculating the eigenvalues and eigenfuctions of conjugated molecules. In the 1980s, he concentrated his studies on cluster chemistry and the curing theory and scaling properties of polymer reactions. He has organized many training classes and educated lots of outstanding scientists.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

袁翰青1905.09.07～1994.03.02

有機(jī)化學(xué)家?；瘜W(xué)史家。江蘇南通人。1929年畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)化學(xué)系。1932年獲美國(guó)伊利諾伊大學(xué)博士學(xué)位。中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)情報(bào)研究所研究員。1932年從事聯(lián)苯化合物立體化學(xué)的研究，最早發(fā)現(xiàn)聯(lián)苯化合物的變旋作用。后從事化學(xué)史研究、教學(xué)工作、科學(xué)普及、科技史和科技情報(bào)工作。1956年參與建設(shè)中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)情報(bào)研究所，任第一任所長(zhǎng)。著有《中國(guó)化學(xué)史論文集》、《溶液》、《化學(xué)重要史實(shí)》等；主編《科學(xué)技術(shù)情報(bào)工作講義》，翻譯李約瑟的《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)史》第一卷和《只有一個(gè)地球》等。

1955 年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Nantong, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University in 1929.Received Ph.D. from the University of Illinois, USA in 1932.Research professor, Chinese Information Institute for Science and Technology.

Yuan studied stereochemistry of biphenyl since 1932 and first found the mutarotation of biphenyl. After that, he worked in the fields of history of chemistry, teaching of chemistry,popularization of science, history of sciences and scientific information. He was one of the founders and the first derector of Chinese Information Institute for Science and Technology.His publications include “Collected Papers of Chineses History of Chemistry”, “Solutions”, “Important Historical Events in Chemistry” and “Information of Science and Technology”. He translated the first volume of the “Chinese History of Science and Technology” by Joseph Needham and also “Only One Earth”onto Chinese.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.

錢志道1910.12.11～1989.09.28

化學(xué)家。浙江紹興人。1935年畢業(yè)于浙江大學(xué)化學(xué)系。1938年～1946年，歷任中央軍委軍工局工程師、榮坊工藝實(shí)習(xí)廠三廠廠長(zhǎng)、紫芳溝化學(xué)廠總工程師等，在極為艱苦的條件下，建立起基本化工和無(wú)煙火藥的生產(chǎn)工廠，為支持抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)作出了貢獻(xiàn)。后任東北軍工部軍工局副局長(zhǎng)、重工業(yè)部軍工總局副局長(zhǎng)、一機(jī)部導(dǎo)彈部總局局長(zhǎng)等職，為國(guó)防工業(yè)的建設(shè)和尖端科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展做了許多有益的工作。1963年5月調(diào)任中國(guó)科學(xué)院技術(shù)科學(xué)部副主任，從事科研組織管理工作。1965年起擔(dān)任中國(guó)科技大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)，在困難的條件下參與創(chuàng)建了中國(guó)第一所研究生院—中國(guó)科技大學(xué)研究生院，為培育優(yōu)秀科技人才作出了貢獻(xiàn)。

1955 年被選聘為中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士（學(xué)部委員）。

Chemist. Born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University in 1935.Engineer, Bureau of Military Engineering of the Central Military Commission in Yan’an between 1938 and 1946, gengral manager, No.3 Tea Processing Factory for Trainees, and chief engineer, Zifanggou Chemical Plant.

Qian set up chemical plants to make basic chemical materials and smokeless explosives. He did his best to support the Anti-Japanese War. He was the deputy derector of the Bureau of Military Engineering of the Department of Military Engineering in Northeast China, deputy derector of the General Bureau of Military Engineering of the Ministry of Heavy Industry, director of the Missile Bureau of the First Ministry of Machine-Building Industry . He did a lot for the development of national defense industry and sophisticated technology. He became deputy director of the Division of Technology Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in May, 1963 mainly in charge of the organization and management of scientific research. He was vice president of the University of Science and Techonlogy of China in 1965. Under difficult conditions he set up China’s first graduate school, the Graduate School of the University of Science and Technology of China, and trained many outstanding scientific workers for China.

He became Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1955.