用法大觀園

一、be supposed to do句型的應用

be supposed to do在本單元是“應該，被期望，理應”之意。用來表示根據(jù)規(guī)定，人們不得不做的事，或期待發(fā)生的事。時態(tài)、人稱和句式的變化在be上體現(xiàn)，to為不定式符號，后接動詞原形。

1. be supposed to do的肯定句式:

Everyone is supposed to wear a seat belt in the car.

每個人在小汽車里都應該系好安全帶。

You’re supposed to start work at 8:30 every morning.

你應該每天早晨8:30開始工作。

They are supposed to shake hands.

他們應該握手。

2. be supposed to do的疑問句式需將be動詞的相應形式提到主語前。例如:

Is he supposed to get there at five? 他應該在5點鐘到嗎?

Was Lucy supposed to speak Chinese like that? 露西應該像那樣說漢語嗎?

What are you supposed to do?

你們應該做什么?

When were you supposed to arrive?

你們應該什么時候到?

3. be supposed to do的否定式，即在be動詞后加否定副詞not，此時相當于be not allowed to do，意為“不被許可，不應當”。例如:

You are not supposed to smoke here.

你不應該在這里抽煙。

We are not supposed to play football in the street. 我們不應該在大街上踢足球。

It is a secret still. I am not supposed to say. 這還是個秘密，我不能說出來。

4. be supposed to be有“某人/某事被認為如何”的意思。其主動形式為“suppose sb. to be+形容詞/名詞”。例如:

All the classmates suppose him to be stupid(=He is supposed to be stupid by all the classmates). But in fact， he is a good student. 所有同學都認為他愚蠢，事實上他是一個好學生。

People in old times supposed the earth to be flat(=The earth was supposed to be flat by people in old times). But now we know it is round. 古時候人們認為地球是平的，但我們現(xiàn)在知道它是圓的。

Jenny is supposed to be the best student in our class. 珍妮被認為是我們班里最好的學生。

Professor Wang is supposed to be the main speaker at the meeting.

王教授被認為是大會的主要發(fā)言人。

We suppose her to be an actress.

=She is supposed to be an actress.

我們認為她是個女演員。

二、suppose作及物動詞，意為“想，認為，猜想，料想”，它的用法如下:

1. suppose后接that引導的賓語從句，that可以省略。例如:

I suppose we’ll go there the next week.

我猜想我們下周將去那兒。

2. suppose+名詞/代詞。例如:

What makes you suppose him to be connected with them?

你怎么會認為他與他們有聯(lián)系呢?

3. suppose+名詞/代詞+不定式。例如:

I supposed her to have already left for home. 我認為她已經動身回家了。

4. suppose+名詞/代詞+名詞(賓語補足語)。

例如:

I never supposed him a hero.

我從來沒有認為他是一個英雄。

5. suppose+名詞/代詞+形容詞(賓語補足語)。例如:

We all suppose him clever.

我們所有的人都認為他很聰明。

6. suppose+名詞/代詞+介詞短語。例如:

I supposed him in the office.

我想他在辦公室。

7. suppose作插入語。例如:

You don’t mind my smoking， I suppose.

我想你不會介意我抽煙。

三、構成祈使句，或用作一項提議或建議，作“讓，怎么，如何”講，從句中用過去式語氣更委婉。例如:

Suppose you met me at the office at half past seven. 你七點半與我在辦公室見面如何。

Suppose(=Let’s go) for a swim. 我提議我們去游泳。

Suppose we went for a walk!

我們去散會兒步吧!

四、suppose作動詞時還有“假定，假使”之意，后接從句。suppose此時可當作if來使用，往往表示想象中的條件，這樣使用，這個動詞相當于supposing。作“如果”講，則只能用supposing，不用suppose。例如:

Suppose it rains， what shall we do?

假如下雨我們怎么辦?

Let’s suppose(that) he is telling a lie.

暫且假定他在說謊吧。

Supposing youmiss him， he is not likely to miss you.

即使你碰不到他，他也可能碰到你。(be likely to do可能做……)

五、使用這種意義的suppose時應注意:1. I suppose可以用來有禮貌地要求一個肯定的答復。例如:

I suppose(that) you are very busy just at the moment? 我想你這會兒正忙吧?

2. suppose， guess與imagine的區(qū)別:

suppose多用于口語，是試探性的，但有一定的根據(jù);guess隨意性很強，缺乏依據(jù);imagine指“設想”、“想象”與眾所周知的事實相反的東西，強調知覺虛構和幻想的作用。例如:

I suppose they will leave here tomorrow.

我猜他們明天要離開這兒了。

Can you guess what I mean?

你能猜出我的意思嗎?

I imagine that you are tired.

我猜想你已經累了。

3. 在英語中，含suppose的句子要用否定主句謂語的方式來否定后面賓語從句的內容(即把賓語從句的否定詞not轉移到否定主句謂語動詞上)，這種語言現(xiàn)象叫否定轉移，在這種用法中，suppose意為“想，認為，猜想，料想”;賓語從句是由that引導的，也是由否定詞not構成的否定，主句主語多為第一人稱。例如:

I don’t suppose I’ll trouble you.

我想我不會再麻煩你。

I don’t suppose(that) I shall be back until eight o’clock. 我看我在八點以前回不來。

I didn’t suppose(that) it was true.

我猜想那不是真的。

4. suppose后也可接so代替整個賓語從句，但如果賓語從句為否定句時，只能轉移否定，不能用not否定so， 當然也可用否定詞not代替整個賓語從句。例如:

——Will he come? 他會來嗎?

——Yes， I suppose so./No， I suppose not./No， I don’t suppose so. 我想他會。/不，我想他不會。/不，我認為他不會來。

正:I don’t suppose so./I suppose not.

誤:I suppose not so.