①The boys and girls often play ______ football in ______ afternoon.
(蘭州市)
A.不填;an B. the; anC. 不填;theD. a; the
②My friend Bob likes to play ______ basketball before ______ supper.(揚州市)
A. the; theB. 不填;theC. the; 不填D. 不填;不填
③—What’s the time please?
—Sorry. I’ve left my watch at ______ home.(臺州市)
A. theB. aC. 不填D. an
上面的三道中考題均是在考查同學(xué)們對名詞前冠詞省略用法的掌握情況,答案是①C; ②D; ③C。
英語中冠詞有a,an和the三個,其中a,an為不定冠詞,the為定冠詞。關(guān)于冠詞的用法我們已經(jīng)有了初步的了解?,F(xiàn)就幾種常見冠詞省略的情況作一歸納。
1. 在表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。如:
They are students. 他們是學(xué)生。
We like bananas. 我們喜歡香蕉。
2. 在表示抽象概念的名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前一般不用冠詞。如:
Our future is full of hope. 我們的未來充滿希望。
Happiness lies in health. 幸福在于健康。
We can’t live without air,water or food. 沒有空氣、水和食物我們就不能生存。
Tom likes to have rice for dinner. 湯姆晚餐喜歡吃米飯。
3. 當(dāng)名詞前面已有限定詞(如this, these, that, those等)、物主代詞(如my, their, your, his等)或不限定詞(如some,many等)時,其前不用冠詞。如:
I want this car not that car. 我要這輛小汽車,不是那輛小汽車。
The letter is in her pocket. 那封信在她的衣袋里。
There are some apples in the basket. 籃子里有一些蘋果。
4. 在表示星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日的名詞詞語前一般不用冠詞。如:
Do you buy presents for your mother on Mother’s Day? 母親節(jié)那天你給你媽媽買禮物嗎?
They often go to cinema on Sunday. 他們經(jīng)常在星期天去看電影。
He was born in October. 他出生于10月。
Does your brother like running in winter? 冬天你兄弟喜歡跑步嗎?
友情提示:在某些特定的節(jié)日名前要加定冠詞。如:
the Lantern Festival 元宵節(jié)
the Dragon Boat Festival 端午節(jié)
the Spring Festival春節(jié)
5. 在表示球類運動或?qū)W科名稱的名詞前不用冠詞。如:
They often play volleyball at four in the afternoon. 他們經(jīng)常在下午四點鐘打排球。
Do you study history? 你們學(xué)習(xí)歷史嗎?
6. 在表示泛指的一日三餐的名詞前通常不用冠詞。如:
What do you usually have for breakfast? 早餐你通常吃什么?
We have lunch at 12:00 every day. 我們每天12點吃午飯。
7. 在表示地點、人物、國名等專有名詞前一般不用冠詞。如:
Lucy and Lily live in China. 露茜和莉莉住在中國。
Do you know Mr Zhang? 你認(rèn)識張老師嗎?
8. 表示交通工具的名詞前一般不用冠詞。如:
His father usually goes to work by bike. 他父親通常騎自行車上班。
Will you go to Beijing by plane? 你們乘飛機去北京嗎?
另外在一些固定搭配的名詞前也不能用冠詞。常見的有g(shù)o to school(上學(xué)) go to bed(睡覺) on foot(步行) on duty(值日) at night(在晚上) go to work(上班) by hand(用手) in bed(臥床) at home(在家) by train(乘火車) by bus(乘公共汽車) after school(放學(xué)后) day and night(晝夜) at noon(在中午) in danger(在危險中) hand in hand(手挽手)等。
【牛刀小試】
1.We often have sports after class and I like to play ______ basketball.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2.I think study is ______ important work.
A. aB. anC. 不填 D. the
3.—What’s the matter with you?
—I caught ______ bad cold and had to stay inbed.
A. a; 不填 B. a; theC. a; aD. the; the
4.It takes us ______ hour or more to go to my hometown by ______ train.
A. an; a B. a; anC. an; 不填 D. a; 不填
5.—Are you ______ Chinese or Japanese?
—Chinese. But I was born in Japan.
A. anB. /C. the D. one
Keys:DCACB