代詞是英語中比較活躍的詞之一,在學習使用時要避免“混、顛、漏、多”。
避免“混”
1. 受漢語的影響,人稱代詞“主、賓格不分”。顧名思義,主格人稱代詞在句子中作主語,賓格人稱代詞在句子中作賓語。如:
誤:Your mother is waiting for he.
正:Your mother is waiting for him.
2. 受漢語的影響,物主代詞“名、形性質不分”。名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞,形容詞性物主代詞相當于形容詞。如:
誤:Our room is bigger than their.
正:Our room is bigger than theirs.
3. “人稱、物主不分”,如:
誤:Mr Smith taught ourEnglish last year.
正:Mr Smith taught usEnglish last year.
4. “不定代詞意義不分”,如:
誤:Li Lei and Meg are all students.
正 : LiLeiandMegarebothstudents .
both指兩個人或兩件事“都……”;all則指三個或三個以上人或事“都……”。
避免“顛”
1. “人稱代詞并列順序” 顛倒,如:
誤:I and Peter are teachers.
正:Peter and Iare teachers.
注意:英語中敘述“我和別人”時,總是把我(I)放在后面,以表示對別人的尊重。如“你,我,他(她)”的敘述為:“you ,he /she and I ”。
2. “不定代詞修飾語” 顛倒,如:
誤:There is interesting somethingin today’s paper.
正:There is something interestingin today’s paper.
形容詞修飾語常常位于名詞之前,當形容詞修飾不定代詞時,修飾語位于其后。
當不定代詞被else修飾時,else也同樣放在不定代詞之后(疑問代詞亦如此)。如:
Which else do youwantto choose? 你還要挑選什么?
避免“漏”
1. “簡單句中賓語” 漏,如:
誤:This problem is difficult. I
can’t work out.
正:This problem is difficult. I
can’t work it out.
2. “復合句中主語” 漏,如:
誤:I think that can finish it at once.
正: I think that I can finish it at once.
誤:I’llgoto see himwhen getthere.
正:I’llgoto see himwhenIgetthere.
3.“反身代詞同位語” 漏,如:
誤: Himself can’tridethe bike.
正: Hehimselfcan’tridethe bike .
(注:反身代詞不可以單獨做主語)
4. “形式賓語” 漏,如:
誤:You’llfindveryuseful to learnforeignlanguage .
正:You’ll find it very useful to learnforeign language.
避免“多”
1. 在too ... to結構中多用。如:
a. 誤:This room is too small for us to live in it.
正:This room is too small for us to live in.
b. 誤:The boxis too heavyto carryit.
正:The boxis too heavyto carry.
2. 在be enough to結構中多用。如:
a . 誤:Thiscomputerislightenoughtotakeitaway.
正:Thiscomputer islightenoughto take away.
b. 誤:The dogisslowenoughfor us torun after it.
正:The dogisslowenoughfor us torun after.