談?wù)劇翱磮?bào)式”閱讀方法

謝正壽

中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解的分量在加大，其題型也更加靈活，命題人尤其喜歡出圖文并茂題。本文擬以福州市、杭州市和溫州市的中考閱讀題為例，體驗(yàn)一下“看報(bào)式”閱讀的高效率。

一、 匹配型閱讀理解

請(qǐng)閱讀以下對(duì)五位名人的介紹，從（A）-（E）中找到與101-105題對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，將名人介紹補(bǔ)充完整。

小詞典： crosstalk master 相聲大師，moustache小胡子，satirize諷刺，inherit繼承，technique技術(shù)，industry工業(yè)（2007年福建省福州市）

101. Liu Xiang was born in Shanghai in July，1983. Hes a great sportsman.

102. Ma Ji was born in Beijing in 1934. He was a famous crosstalk master.

103. Yang Liwei was born in Liaoning Province. He has a happy family. He loves his wife and his son.

104. Wang Xuan was born in 1937. He gradusted from Beijing University in 1958.

105. Lu Xun was a great writer. He had deep eyes，thick moustache and short hair.

（A）

He used to be an excellent pilot with an experience of 1，350 hours flight. He is the first astronaut who flew in space in China. He has a dream that is to step on the moon. We are proud of him！

（B）

He did well in satirizing soical problems and prising heroes. He not only inherited and developed the crosstslk，but also created his own art style. He contributed a lot to Chinas crosstalk art.

（C）

He used to be dressed in a long suit. He smoked a lot while he was in deep thought. He hated the enemy，but he loved the people very deeply. He wrote a lot of novels and articles to fight against the enemy bravely.

（D）

As a boy，he entered the childrens sports school and received a lot of strict training under his coach Sun Haiping. He won the gold medal in the 110-metre hurdles at the 28th Athens Olympic Games.

（E）

He devoted all his life to his research work. The success of his technique brought about a complete change in the Chinese printing industry. He was awarded as the yearly top scientist in 2001.

【解題點(diǎn)撥】

這是個(gè)涉及面廣的閱讀題，其內(nèi)容包含體育、科學(xué)、文學(xué)、航空和演藝。如果考生對(duì)人物了解得比較清楚，直接看備選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞就可以找到答案。一看101題的圖就知道這是劉翔，他是個(gè)跨欄王。 D項(xiàng)中有sports，the 110-metre hurdles等關(guān)鍵詞。這樣就可以確定101應(yīng)和D對(duì)應(yīng)。馬季是個(gè)相聲演員，B項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞crosstalk可以幫助我們確定102應(yīng)和B項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)。其他三個(gè)題也可以用此法進(jìn)行判斷，這樣可以節(jié)省很多的時(shí)間，而且準(zhǔn)確性也高。要想做到這一點(diǎn)，考生就必須全面了解中國(guó)，乃至全世界各行各業(yè)的熱點(diǎn)人物或事情。

二、 閱讀理解

Michael，Tim，Peter，Gina 和Sarah各自正在打算去參觀一座名塔。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀第51-55題中的個(gè)人情況說(shuō)明和A到E五座名塔的介紹，選出符合各人要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。（2007年浙江省杭州市）

51. Tim，from America，is traveling around the world. His last stop is to visit a tower where he can spend the night.

52. Michael，a student of history，is ready to write a paper on old towers. He is going to visit one in Europe.

53. Gina，a teacher from Australia，likes shopping very much. She is thinking of buying different things for her students.

54. Sarah is a college student. She is on holiday in July and would like to visit the tallest tower of the five below.

55. Peter is interested in plants and animals. He is now looking for a tower where he can see fish and other water animals.

【解題點(diǎn)撥】

五幅圖片介紹了五座名塔的特點(diǎn)，只要抓住這些特點(diǎn)，問(wèn)題就能解決了。51題中的Tim只要求在塔邊度過(guò)一個(gè)晚上，這不就暗示需要有一個(gè)旅館嗎？中國(guó)上海的“東方明珠”，有一個(gè)20個(gè)房間的旅館，是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的住宿處。52題中的Michael打算去歐洲寫(xiě)一篇古塔報(bào)道，從物理和歷史書(shū)上，大家都知道意大利的比薩斜塔是在歐洲，而且很古老，最適合學(xué)歷史的學(xué)生去參觀。53題中的Gina喜歡購(gòu)物，只有到有“shopping center”的地方去，故答案是D。 54題中的Sarah是要去最高的塔，只要看一下塔高就能確定答案為A。 剩下一個(gè)55題的答案只有選C了?？梢?jiàn)采用“看報(bào)式”的閱讀方法，尋找特殊性，就能很快找到最佳答案。

三、 任務(wù)型閱讀

以下圖片呈現(xiàn)的是Mr King一家生活中不安全用電的現(xiàn)象。下面有五條針對(duì)其中五種不安全用電現(xiàn)象的建議，請(qǐng)你將每一種現(xiàn)象的編號(hào)(A，B ... F)填入相應(yīng)建議前面的括號(hào)內(nèi)。（2007年浙江省溫州市）

（ ）71. Please dont put the fish bowl on the TV set.

（ ）72. Would you mind moving the baby away？He is going to play with the outlet.

（ ）73. You should not put anything on a lamp.

（ ）74. Could you please take the wire away？Dont let the dog play with the outlet.

（ ）75. Will you please not use the heater in a wet bathroom？

【解題點(diǎn)撥】

本題的內(nèi)容貼近我們的生活，告訴我們?cè)S多安全用電的常識(shí)。71題中提到TV set，根據(jù)這一點(diǎn)，就知道答案該為C； 72題中有個(gè)baby，馬上就會(huì)明白答案為E； 73題中有l(wèi)amp，就知道答案應(yīng)為B； 74題中提到了dog，所以答案為F； 從heater一詞就可確定75題的答案為A。

從以上中考題中，我們可以知道，“看報(bào)式”閱讀是值得我們借鑒的。它可以幫助我們擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面，開(kāi)闊視野，也能提高閱讀效率。