Unit 3 War and peace

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單詞拼寫 根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。

1.The book is set in the future at a time when the world is experiencing a long and v war with another planet.

2.Having a personal goal is like having a compass on board a ship. It points you in the direction towards the achievement of your goals and o .

3.How time flies！ When I r the old days， my memories come flooding back.

4.Jim’s spoken English is so poor that we can b understand what he means.

5.A （紀(jì)念的） garden was to be created for the heroes in the City Park.

6.The motive of this organization is to put an end to （暴力）.

7.The company is an （杰出的） example of a small business that grew into a big one.

8.As we know， this famous commander played an important role in （解放） the city.

選擇填空 用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。

have confidence in free from nothing less than make it be made up of

1.Don’t you think his survival in the earthquake was a miracle？

2.Society a variety of people; some are good， others are bad， and still others are in between.

3.His motive is to have these poor wild animals being hunted.

4.The little boy solving this problem by trial and error.

5.At dawn， the troops to the beach and took over the battle field.

課文語法填空

Code-named “Operation Overlord”， it was the 1 （large） combined sea， air and land operation in history， with the aim 2 （free） north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect 3 （combine） of weather， moon and tides， the date for the start of Operation Overlord 4 （set） for 6 June. With the commander’s order 5 （ring） in their ears， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June， thousands landed by parachute 6 enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile， thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy， 7 （protect） by fighter planes in the skies above them. The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. Boats were hit and men drowned， while those 8 did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. But， despite the high cost in human life， the D-Day landings were 9 success and were seen 10 （wide） as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

閱讀理解

Sir Nicholas Winton was a British man who went to heroic efforts， potentially putting himself at risk， during World War Ⅱ. Sir Winton was responsible for ensuring the safety of 669 Jewish children by aiding their escape from countries occupied by the Nazis. Finally， the Jewish children were brought to England where he worked to make sure families in his native country would help the kids by taking them into their homes.

This unbelievable story has been making the rounds again on the Internet， particularly after a rerun of the BBC show called That’s Life， which featured Sir Winton. People around the world were moved at the details of the story.

Sir Winton kept his entire plan completely secret. Even his wife had no idea about his plan until fifty years later. After the war， years passed and many people remained in the dark about Sir Winton’s extraordinary achievement. Some fifty years later， his wife Greta was searching in their house and discovered a Winton’s notebook which documented the names of all the children. She worked with BBC and they produced a TV episode of their program That’s Life that served as an honor for Sir Winton’s work.

In 2003， Sir Winton was knighted by the Queen of England for his work. He also was even nominated （提名） for a Nobel Peace Prize. He also had a small planet named after him by Czech astronomers. Sir Winton died peacefully in his sleep at the age of one hundred and six， in 2015. Leaders around the world paid tribute （悼念）. Israel’s former ambassador to the United Kingdom， Daniel Taub， said， “He was a hero of our time， having saved 669 Jewish children from the Nazis. His story， as a point of light in a period of darkness， will forever be remembered.”

1. What can we learn about the Jewish children？

A. They were killed by the Nazis. B. They returned to their own homes.

C. They escaped to their native countries. D. They were raised by English families.

2. What made Winton’s story spread widely？

A. People’s chatting online. B. The program That’s Life.

C. His wife’s promotion. D. Praises from some leaders.

3. The underlined part “remained in the dark” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ”.

A. felt doubtful B. remained moved

C. knew nothing D. criticized something

4. What can we learn about Winton？

A. He was born in 1909. B. The Nazis tried to catch him.

C. He named a small planet. D. Many children paid tribute to him.

閱讀七選五

It is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. 1 If you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing， then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.

Don’t get in the center of the conflict.

Sometimes people can get in the center of conflict due to their enthusiasm for offering help. Frankly speaking， it is very unwise， because it can make you the main figure of the conflict.

2 You should focus on your own life issues.

Be kind.

3 Life is full of conflicts and disagreements， and that’s why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. For example， kindness can lessen the conflict.

Try to be a peacekeeper.

Peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “ 4 ” This saying is the life motto of a natural-born peacekeeper. Don’t worry if you are not a natural-born peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.

Walk off.

When the conflict is gathering pace and you can’t manage to control yourself， you should choose to handle the situation in another way. By all means， try to keep yourself away from stress. 5 You should get away from the situation for a while.

A. The greatest victory is a battle not fought.

B. Conflicts are unavoidable， so try to accept them.

C. Weak people usually desire others to offer help and support.

D. Let other people solve their problems without your presence.

E. It is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.

F. When someone pushes you to the limit， try to act kindly toward this person.

G. Arguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Section Ⅱ Using language

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單句語法填空 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1.Trade （friction） between the two countries have been caused by trade protectionists.

2.Finding her parents lying （die） in the earthquake， the little girl was shocked with tears.

3.The argument was settled and they hoped the agreement would bring peace and （stable） to that region.

4.He expected that the experiment would be success.

5.The use of nuclear （weapon） is a great disaster to mankind and they must be limited for peace.

6.The man will never forget the day when his hometown （liberate）.

7.Security forces have been put standby in case of violence.

8.The city suffered heavy damage during the Second World War after （bomb） by Britain’s Royal Air Force.

9.You are the next one （receive） the physical examination.

10.I can recall （get） many gifts from my grandparents on my birthdays and many other occasions.

單元語法填空 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成短文。

The wounded 1 （be） reading The Arabian Nights with glasses， which is a very interesting storybook. Just then， a herd of cattle （牛） came from the distance， with furniture on their backs， which

2 （be） worth 30，000 dollars. This means of transportation 3 （be） the most convenient one here， because more than 80 percent of the land 4 （cover） with grass. Cattle 5 （be） common here.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

完成句子 根據(jù)漢語提示，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成句子。

1. 所有的設(shè)備都已經(jīng)被搬到了另一個房間。

All the equipment another room.

2. 事故發(fā)生時，許多學(xué)生在現(xiàn)場。

Many a student when the accident happened.

3. 知道這個秘密的人的數(shù)量很有限。

The number of the people who know the secret .

4. 在踢足球方面，我們班勝過我們學(xué)校的任何一個班。

WaOqlob0uxicsPJ6ri80qg==Our class at playing football in our school.

5. 到目前為止，學(xué)生和老師都沒來。

Not only the students but also the teacher .

完形填空

Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 1 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 2 various matters all over the world. When the war was near， Alia was 3 that the fires of war would destroy the books， which are more 4 to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language—new books， ancient books， 5 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.

She had asked the government for 6 to move the books to a 7 place， but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. 8 ， she brought books home every night， 9 her car late after work. Her friends came to 10 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 11 to hide some books. All through the 12 ， Alia， Anis， his brothers and neighbors took the books from the library， 13 them over the seven-foot wall and 14 them in the restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 15 . Then nine days later， a fire burned the 16 to the ground.

One day， the bombing stopped and the 17 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe， they must be 18 again while the city was 19 . So she hired a truck to bring all the books to the houses of her friends in the suburbs. Now Alia waited for the war to end and 20 peace and a new library.

1. A. meeting B. working C. personal D. magical

2. A. raised B. handled C. reported D. discussed

3. A. worried B. angry C. doubtful D. curious

4. A. practical B. precious C. reliable D. expensive

5. A. then B. still C. even D. rather

6. A. permission B. confirmation C. explanation D. information

7. A. large B. public C. distant D. safe

8. A. Fortunately B. Surprisingly C. Seriously D. Secretly

9. A. starting B. parking C. filling D. testing

10. A. stop B. help C. warn D. rescue

11. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. agreed

12. A. war B. night C. building D. way

13. A. put B. opened C. passed D. threw

14. A. hid B. exchanged C. burnt D. distributed

15. A. approached B. erupted C. continued D. ended

16. A. restaurant B. library C. city irpm455rgazkoVyX3J3VIQ==D. wall

17. A. neighbors B. soldiers C. friends D. customers

18. A. sold B. read C. saved D. moved

19. A. occupied B. bombed C. quiet D. busy

20. A. dreamed of B. believed in C. cared about D. looked for

語法填空

African American doctor Charles Richard Drew earned the title “Father of the Blood Bank” for his outstanding role 1 directing America’s first large-scale blood banking program during the early years of World War Ⅱ. He was born in 1904. After graduating from university， Drew went to Montreal General Hospital 2 he worked with Doctor Beattie. Doctor Beattie 3 （research） into blood transfusions （輸血） then and Drew became very 4 （interest） in the work. He realized that it was very important 5 （find） a way of storing blood so that it could be used 6 （immediate） when needed. Later， Drew developed 7 technique for the long-term 8 （preserve） of blood plasma （血漿）.

Drew’s discovery saved many 9 （life） during World War Ⅱ. And his insistence on ignoring the racial （種族的） background of donors and transfusion receivers meant that non-white soldiers no longer bled to death while 10 （wait） for a same-race donor to contribute blood. He died in 1950 after a car accident.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單詞填空 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Last night we had a discussion， which became more and more . Finally we reached an agreement that we will never use whatever happens. （violent）

2.To her ， she saw a boy fall from the stairs. The scene often wakes her up . （horrible）

3.The city by the advancing army， but many soldiers died for the . （liberate）

4.It is important to keep the development of economy and the of it can ensure that all the people share the fruits of the development. （stability）

5.One of the gave a speech at the ceremony， the company. （represent）

6.A service is being held for the soldiers in of their contributions to the independence of our country. （memory）

單句表達(dá) 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。

1. 上周我和一些老同學(xué)見了個面。（meet up with）

2. 他走遍世界，收集有關(guān)這種疾病的資料。（不定式短語作狀語）

3. 許多房屋在這次地震中被摧毀。（a great many）

4. 看到周圍有這么多的陌生面孔，嬰兒開始哭了起來。（“with + 名詞 + 介詞短語”作狀語）

5. 有人告訴我Jack學(xué)習(xí)很認(rèn)真，難怪他門門學(xué)科表現(xiàn)突出。（It is no wonder that…）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句，并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

recall liberate be occupied by break through play a role in

It is obvious that… That’s how… Only when…

閱讀理解

A

Braveheart is a historical film released in 1995. It was directed by and starred Mel Gibson and was loosely based on the story of 13th-century Scottish leader William Wallace. The movie was a surprise winner of the Academy Award for Best Picture.

After William Wallace’s father and brother are killed in the battle against the English， Wallace is sent to continental Europe to be educated. He returns to Scotland as an adult （played by Gibson） and marries his childhood sweetheart， Murron. When English soldiers try to hurt Murron， Wallace saves her but the soldiers make a second attempt and she is caught and killed. Wallace then leads his family to fight the English troops. He continues to fight to force the English to leave Scotland， gaining increasing numbers of followers as stories of his brave acts spread. English King Edward Ⅰ sends Princess Isabella， his son’s wife， to negotiate with Wallace for peace， but she is charmed by him and becomes his supporter. She warns Wallace of an upcoming attack from the English.

Wallace seeks the support of the Scottish nobles in the fight against the English， but the nobles are hesitating. Robert the Bruce is particularly torn. The Scottish fighters are defeated by an army led by King Edward Ⅰ in the Battle of Falkirk. Wallace tries to kill King Edward Ⅰ himself but is stopped by a soldier， who proves to be Robert the Bruce. Robert then saves Wallace from being caught by the English. Later Wallace agrees to meet with Robert in Edinburgh， but Robert’s father and other nobles set a trap and catch Wallace. They hand over Wallace to the English. Wallace refuses to give in and before being killed， he courageously cries out， “Freedom！”

The movie was inspired by a lengthy poem about William Wallace by Blind Harry. It led to an increase of interest in Scottish history， although it contained numerous historical inaccuracies.

1. What can we learn about the film from Paragraph 1？

A. It was made by a Scottish leader. B. It is a true story about Mel Gibson.

C. It is about a war breaking out in 1995. D. It was adapted from a historical story.

2. Why does Wallace fight against the English？

A. The English troops land in Scotland. B. He fails to negotiate with Princess Isabella.

C. His wife is killed by the English soldiers. D. His father and brother are caught in the battle.

3. What happens to Wallace in the end？

A. He gives in to the English King. B. He drives the English out of Scotland.

C. He dies for Scotland’s independence. D. He becomes the leader of the Scottish nobles.

4. What is the text mainly about？

A. A war movie. B. A Scottish historical hero.

C. A famous battle in history. D. The independence of Scotland.

B

A valuable sketch （素描） from World War Ⅰ has turned up in a garage （車庫） sale in Perth. It’s a sketch of soldiers playing soccer with a tin can during an unofficial truce （停戰(zhàn)） between German and Allied soldiers on the Western Front in 1914. The artwork was drawn by an unnamed German soldier during the war on the Western Front.

The artwork was given to Private Jack Shelley， a British soldier， when he was defending the town of Frelinghien， France. The sketch is an important historical document， as it provides evidence that the tales of both sides at war socializing together are true. But for Jack’s family it has even greater value， since it was his prized possession.

Jessie Shelley， Jack’s great-granddaughter， has fond memories of the old man sharing stories about his experiences in the war. “Great-grandpa had a tobacco tin with a dozen or so buttons from the uniforms of men from both sides. To great-grandpa they represented real people he had known， some of whom couldn’t come home from the war. He had at least two buttons from German uniforms that he told us were exchanged between the men involved in the truce，” Jessie Shelley said.

On the day of truce in 1914， the soldiers came out of their trenches into no-man’s-land and shared food， drinks and cigarettes. Some even exchanged small gifts. The men even played football games together. Later， this spirit of cooperation continued in unofficial agreements between the sides to stop shooting at mealtimes and even at times when soldiers were working in the open.

This fascinating image of peace and humanity during the war has continued through the years. The sketch is a symbol of the potential for humanity， hope and kindness to exist in even the most violent circumstances.

5. In what situation was the sketch done？

A. In a garage. B. On the front line.

C. At a special sale. D. After a soccer match.

6. Why is the sketch an important historical document？

A. It marks the ending of the war. B. It explains the reason for the war.

C. It shows soldiers’ bravery in the fight. D. It proves the peace between warring sides.

7. What did Jack say about the buttons in the tobacco tin？

A. They were collected in 1914. B. They were from German uniforms.

C. They represented his honor. D. They lived in his heart like real people.

8. What impact did the day of truce have？

A. It brought about more truces. B. It resulted in more celebrations.

C. It led to more official agreements. D. It started wide information exchanges.

完形填空

Do you prefer being a movie star or joining the army if you graduate from a renowned film academy？ While many people may choose the former， Shang Lin， 1 the latter—from a cute girl taking selfies with her mobile phone to a soldier 2 with a rifle （步槍）—showing one life choice of China’s Generation48a442cfac2cc0e28a164bdbacab2215 Z.

Shang graduated from the Beijing Film Academy. She then 3 the civil servant examination in Beijing and was 4 employed to work in a government office. Two months later， however， she quit to 5 up for the People’s Liberation Army. “Young people should always do something 6 ， so I chose to be a soldier in my youth，” Shang said proudly. To join the army， her biggest 7 as a thin person was that her body fat rate didn’t reach the standard. She 8 her body by exercising， finally 9 10 kg to her weight in a short period of time.

On the training ground， her every 10 is done in a standard way. 11 and determined， the short-haired Shang and the previous long hair beauty are like two 12 different people. Now she can 13 a tough environment and 14 training with courage. “Born in the best of times， females should not be defined. We need to boldly 15 our comfort zone，” said Shang. Days of military training see her 16 and love for army life continue to grow and she is 17 of her identity as a PLA rocket force soldier.

Shang’s story has 18 more than 260 million views on the social media platform Sina Weibo. “A beautiful young film academy graduate chose to be a soldier than being in 19 business，” one netizen 20 . “Quite admirable.”

1. A. contacts B. prefers C. accepts D. dislikes

2. A. covered B. connected C. equipped D. decorated

3. A. dropped B. designed C. missed D. took

4. A. gradually B. barely C. eventually D. suddenly

5. A. keep B. sign C. stand D. make

6. A. meaningful B. original C. kind D. smart

7. A. failure B. attraction C. advantage D. struggle

8. A. treated B. hurt C. strengthened D. lengthened

9. A. supplying B. adding C. attaching D. restricting

10. A. move B. solution C. ability D. rescue

11. A. Stone-faced B. Weak-willed C. Warm-hearted D. Absent-minded

12. A. luckily B. totally C. normally D. embarrassingly

13. A. choose B. ignore C. observe D. handle

14. A. demanding B. simple C. enjoyable D. voluntary

15. A. break up with B. have access to C. step out of D. look forward to

16. A. hope B. pain C. sympathy D. enthusiasm

17. A. aware B. careful C. certain D. proud

18. A. required B. drawn C. marked D. helped

19. A. fashion B. rR8NAYk/Ze3rVO8Cty776w==sports C. show D. law

20. A. commented B. acknowledged C. criticized D. regretted

Writing

話題表達(dá)指導(dǎo)

話題介紹

話題：人物傳記。要求學(xué)生描寫一位戰(zhàn)斗英雄的生平事跡并對戰(zhàn)斗英雄進(jìn)行評價(jià)。

建議體裁：記敘文。

注意事項(xiàng)：人物傳記一般分為三大部分，即生平介紹、事跡敘述和對人物的評價(jià)。注意選材要有重點(diǎn)，不必面面俱到；對人物的評價(jià)要客觀公正。另見下表：

題例導(dǎo)學(xué)

題目

假定你是李華。你校英文報(bào)正在開展以“向英雄人物學(xué)習(xí)”為主題的征文活動。請你寫一篇短文投稿，介紹抗日女英雄趙一曼。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 1905年生于四川省，1926年加入中國共產(chǎn)黨；

2. 1935年成為東北抗日聯(lián)軍的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一；

3. 1935年11月被俘，1936年8月被殺害；

4. 她的英雄形象激勵著中華兒女……

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：抗日女英雄 anti-Japanese heroine

思路引導(dǎo)1·要點(diǎn)分析

1. 人物的基本信息（包括出生時間、地點(diǎn)及其他背景信息）；

2. 人物的抗日英雄事跡（通常按時間順序）；

3. 對人物的簡單評價(jià)。

思路引導(dǎo)2·本單元語言知識運(yùn)用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1.1935年，趙一曼成為東北抗日聯(lián)軍的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之一，同日本侵略者進(jìn)行了游擊戰(zhàn)爭。（fight against， a guerrilla war）

2. 1935年11月，為了保護(hù)戰(zhàn)友，趙一曼被俘。（動詞不定式短語作狀語）

3. 她沒有向敵人透露任何信息，從不屈服。（give in）

4. 趙一曼同志為民族解放獻(xiàn)出了自己最寶貴的生命。（give one’s life for）

5.她的英雄形象和光輝業(yè)績永遠(yuǎn)激勵著中華兒女堅(jiān)韌不拔、開拓前進(jìn)。（inspire… to…， forge ahead）

思路引導(dǎo)3·連句成篇

范例展示

Zhao Yiman， an anti-Japanese heroine， was born in Sichuan Province in 1905. She joined the Communist Party of China （CPC） in 1926. In 1935， Zhao Yiman became one of the leaders of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army， fighting a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders.

In November 1935， Zhao Yiman was captured to protect her comrades. In prison， the Japanese used all kinds of cruel tortures， but she told the enemy nothing and never gave in. Zhao Yiman was killed in August 1936.

Comrade Zhao Yiman gave her most precious life for national liberation. Her heroic image and brilliant achievements always inspire the Chinese people to persevere and forge ahead.

話題表達(dá)

假定你是李華。你校英文報(bào)Great War Heroes欄目正在征文。請用英語寫一篇征文，講述一位英雄。內(nèi)容包括：

1. 人物簡介；

2. 主要經(jīng)歷或事跡；

3. 獲得的榮譽(yù)。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. 為……做準(zhǔn)備

2. be of 由……構(gòu)成，由……組成

3. … from… 使……擺脫……

4. have 對……有信心

5. nothing 簡直是；極其；不亞于

6. it（尤指在困難情況下）準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)；獲得成功

7. with 和……碰面

8. … as… 把……稱為……

9. 確保，設(shè)法保證

10. stop sb sth 阻止某人做某事

11. 堅(jiān)持，遵守

12. e12748d417c4ea20cc08e333e1c797d1 role in… 在……中起作用

13. 待命

14. be 被……占領(lǐng)

15. of ……的距離

16. 照亮，點(diǎn)亮

17. down 控制住，固定住

18. 吹走，驅(qū)散

19. a 許多，大量

20. 突破，突圍

句型

1. 過去分詞（短語）作定語

Allied troops （主要由……組成） British， Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.

2. with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語

（這些話在他們耳畔回響）， Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day.

3. 形容詞（短語）作表語

By mid-morning， hundreds （在水中陣亡） and amongst the tanks on the beach.

4. 不定式（短語）作定語

The seventh man was the next one （穿過海灘） without being hit.

5.“with + 名詞 + 介詞短語”作狀語

（國家正處于戰(zhàn)爭狀態(tài)）， students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty.

6. 不定式（短語）作狀語

Driven by a sense of commitment， a great many joined the army （抵抗日本侵略者）…

請根據(jù)提示，運(yùn)用本單元核心知識，以“一位戰(zhàn)斗英雄”為話題，進(jìn)行表達(dá)。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. …， who was born in…， was a hero making great contributions to…

2. He/She joined the army and fought against… for…

3. The story of… inspires people to…