中考英語(yǔ)樣卷閱讀與表達(dá)題解析

李欣男

2024年遼寧省初中學(xué)業(yè)水平考試英語(yǔ)樣卷中，閱讀與表達(dá)這一題型具有一定程度的綜合性和開(kāi)放性，主要考查的是學(xué)生的理解能力和表達(dá)能力。試題分值為10分，前3道題每題2分；最后一道題為開(kāi)放性試題，分值為4分，要求學(xué)生結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容用大約30詞來(lái)表述自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法。

閱讀與表達(dá)題型常見(jiàn)設(shè)題主要有以下5種。

1. What 提問(wèn)，對(duì)事件或物品進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，通常用名詞、動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、陳述句等表達(dá)方式進(jìn)行回答。

2. When、How long、What time提問(wèn)，對(duì)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或時(shí)間段進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，通常需要注意時(shí)間介詞的使用。

3. Where 提問(wèn)，對(duì)地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，通常需要注意地點(diǎn)介詞的使用。

4. Why提問(wèn)，對(duì)原因進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，通常需要選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞開(kāi)頭，如because，for，in order to，because of等。

5. How 提問(wèn)，主要分兩種：一種是對(duì)方式進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，另一種是對(duì)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。

下面以樣卷真題為例進(jìn)行分析。

“Imagine that your home is on fire. Youre allowed to save one thing. Your family and pets are safe， so dont worry about them. What is the most important thing you have？ It can be any size.”

Linda Sue wrote a book The One Thing Youd Save. In it， a teacher named Ms. Chang invites her students to think of the question above. She wants to challenge her class to name the most important thing to them. Some students know the answer right away. Others come to their decisions more slowly. And some students change their minds when they hear their classmates answers. As for the answers， some choose baseball cards or toy animals. One picks a sweater that has been passed down for generations（代）. Another chooses a box of memories about... Even Ms. Chang shares her own choice in the end. It is a really thought?provoking（引人深思的）question. As the students are trying to answer it， they discover more about one another and themselves.

The book is a collection of poems. The writer tells the story through narrative（敘述的） poems. What makes the book popular is that it leads people to think deeply.

The book uses black?and?white pictures to show the objects the students choose. When seeing the pictures， people may think of scenes（場(chǎng)景）of their homes， the classroom and more. The pictures offer wordless moments that encourage readers to think more before they move on.

Want to know what matters most to the students？ Read this book.

41. What does Ms. Chang want to challenge her class to do？

42. Why is the book The One Thing Youd Save popular？

43. How does the book show the objects the students choose？

44. Whats the most important object to you？ Why？ Write 30 words or more.

<答案解析>

41. What does Ms. Chang want to challenge her class to do？

此題是用What 提問(wèn)，難度中等。題意為：“常女士想要鼓勵(lì)她的班級(jí)學(xué)生去做什么？”

可以通過(guò)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞“Ms. Chang、challenge her class”進(jìn)行定位。原文第二段第二句話“In it， a teacher named Ms. Chang invites her students to think of the question above. She wants to challenge her class to name the most important thing to them（在這本書(shū)中，一位常老師邀請(qǐng)她的學(xué)生思考上面的問(wèn)題。她想鼓勵(lì)她的學(xué)生，讓他們說(shuō)出對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的東西）.”為試題答案出處，根據(jù)句意可確定答案為：She wants to challenge her class to name the most important thing to them. 或者可以采用簡(jiǎn)答的方式： Name the most important thing to them. / To name the most important thing to them. 解此類題目主要在于找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞，并調(diào)整答句的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，即可拿到滿分。

42. Why is the book The One Thing Youd Save popular？

此題是用Why提問(wèn)，難度中等。題意為：“為什么《你想保存的一樣?xùn)|西》這本書(shū)很受歡迎？”

可以通過(guò)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞“popular”或者書(shū)名進(jìn)行定位。原文第三段第三句 “What makes the book popular is that it leads people to think deeply（這本書(shū)受歡迎的原因在于它能引導(dǎo)人們深入思考）.” 為試題答案出處，但需將其進(jìn)行一定的整合?？梢圆捎胋ecause連接句子，將原因合并其中。答案為：Because it leads people to think deeply.

43. How does the book show the objects the students choose？

此題是用How提問(wèn)，難度中等。題意為：“這本書(shū)是如何展示學(xué)生選擇的對(duì)象的？”

可以通過(guò)找到關(guān)鍵詞“show the objects the students choose”來(lái)定位答案。原文第四段第一句“The book uses black?and?white pictures to show the objects the students choose（這本書(shū)用黑白圖片來(lái)展示學(xué)生們選擇的物品）.”為試題答案出處，根據(jù)句意可得到答案，但需要調(diào)整代詞來(lái)回答：It uses black?and?white pictures. 還可以使用介詞by來(lái)表達(dá)：By using black?and?white pictures.

44. Whats the most important object to you？ Why？ Write 30 words or more.

此題為開(kāi)放性試題，難度較高。題意為：“對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的東西是什么？原因是什么？用大約30個(gè)詞來(lái)表達(dá)?！?/p>

通過(guò)對(duì)全文的理解，不難概括出文章的主旨大意，本題主要考查學(xué)生的表達(dá)能力。同學(xué)們可以借鑒文章中的一些物品給自己提供思路，如baseball cards，toy animals，a sweater that has been passed down for generations，a box等。在作答時(shí)一定要做到“言之有理，言之有物”，表達(dá)一定要準(zhǔn)確。建議同學(xué)們?cè)诿枋鲈虻倪^(guò)程中注意動(dòng)詞的使用，至少采用兩個(gè)不同的動(dòng)詞去完成句子。同時(shí)，也要注意動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式、過(guò)去式等，避免出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤。本題參考答案：An umbrella. I got it from a stranger on a rainy day. It made me feel very surprised and warm. From then on， I began to help people who are in need. 只要言之有物，并合理說(shuō)明原因，準(zhǔn)確表述，即可獲得滿分。

總體來(lái)講，閱讀與表達(dá)這一題型屬于中考英語(yǔ)試題中難度中等的題目，得分率較高，同學(xué)們熟練掌握主要答題思路及熟悉回答方式后就能很好地完成該題。

跟蹤練習(xí)：

Directed by Yang Yu， the animated film（動(dòng)畫(huà)片）Ne Zha is one of the most popular films in Chinese film history. Based on the well?known novel The Legend of Deification， the film describes how Ne Zha fights against other peoples prejudice（偏見(jiàn)）and finally becomes a hero.

Unlike traditional Ne Zha stories， this animated film is modern and humorous. In the new film， Ne Zha is not a traditional hero. Instead， he is a very naughty（淘氣的）kid. The film contains a lot of funny dialogue between Ne Zha and the other cute characters.

The film is full of beautiful scenes， such as the one set in the Dragon Kings Palace， and the fight between fire and water. It is reported that more than 1，600 people were asked to create the animation （動(dòng)畫(huà)）， and more than 1，300 special effects were made. With the help of 3D technology， the film takes the viewers on a journey into an exciting world.

Above all， the newly developed storyline is the most successful part. The viewers get to follow Ne Zha as he grows up. His life is very difficult， and he has to overcome many problems： not only does he look strange， but also he is under a terrible curse（詛咒）which means he can only live for three years. To make things worse， people see him as a sign of bad luck and avoid him as much as they can. Because of this， Ne Zha becomes a bad boy who causes trouble wherever he goes. Yet with the help of his parents， teachers and friends， Ne Zha finally changes his mind and grows up. He protects others with his superpowers in a big battle and finally breaks the curse.

Teenagers will find Ne Zha educational because the film shows that with strong will， everyone can decide their own future.

1. Why is the film different from traditional Ne Zha stories？

2. How does the film make viewers experience exciting world？

3. What is the most successful part of this film？

4. What do you think of the Ne Zha in this film？ Why？

<參考答案>

1. Because it is modern and humorous.

2. With the help of 3D technology. / It uses 3D technology. / By using 3D technology.

3. The newly developed storyline.

4. Brave and friendly. He tris his best to help people around him who are in danger although they dont like him. Besides， he fights against many difficulties and finally achieved success.

（作者單位：沈陽(yáng)市第一二六中學(xué)渾南分校）