現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)中的新農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)

呂品

在過去的十年里，農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。該領(lǐng)域的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主要集中在自動化、精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)和人工智能等領(lǐng)域。

主題語境：現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè) 篇幅：362詞建議用時(shí)：7分鐘

New agricultural technology refers to the use of technology in farming and agriculturalpractices to increase efficiency， productivity， and sustainability in food production. Itincludes several different types of technologies， such as precision agriculture， smart irrigation，biotechnology， and automation. Additionally， there are significant technologicaladvancements in areas like modern greenhouse practices， and artificial intelligence whichwe will explore further in this article.

Farm automation

Farm automation， often associated with“ smart farming”， is a technology that makesfarms more efficient， as it automates the crop or livestock production cycle. An increasingnumber of agricultural technology companies are working on robotics innovation to developdrones， autonomous tractors， robotic harvesters， automatic watering， and seeding robots.Although these technologies are fairly new， the industry has seen an increasing number oftraditional agriculture companies adopt farm automation into their processes， as its primarygoal is to cover monotonous （單調(diào)的） tasks.

Modern greenhouses

In recent decades， the greenhouse industry has transformed from small facilities usedprimarily for research and aesthetic purposes to much larger facilities that compete directlywith land?based conventional food production. The entire global greenhouse market currentlyproduces about $350 billion worth of vegetables annually. Today， in large part due tothe big recent improvements in growing technology， the industry is witnessing blossominglike no time before.

Precision agriculture technology

Agriculture is undergoing an evolution—technology is becoming an indispensablepart of every commercial farm. New precision agriculture companies are developing technologiesthat allow farmers to maximize yields by controlling every variable of crop farmingsuch as moisture levels， soil conditions， and microclimates. By providing more accuratetechniques for planting and growing crops， precision agriculture enables farmers to increaseefficiency and manage costs.

Agriculture and artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence can monitor plant health， soil conditions， temperature，humidity， and more. The idea is to give farmers a better understanding of whatshappening on the ground through advanced technology that can tell them more thanthe naked eye can see. And not only is it more accurate， its also faster. The goal is toenable farmers to use this artificial intelligence to make better decisions in the field，thereby achieving their goals of better harvests.

ReadingCheck

1. What is the primary goal of farm automation？

A. To cover monotonous tasks in agriculture.

B. To increase efficiency in farming processes.

C. To develop robotics innovation in agriculture.

D. To automate the crop or livestock production cycle.

2. How does precision agriculture technology benefit farmers？

A. By replacing human farmers in the field.

B. By increasing efficiency and managing costs.

C. By monitoring plant health and soil conditions.

D. By maximizing yields and controlling all crop variables.

3. Which of new agricultural technology can monitor plant health？

A. Farm automation.

B. Modern greenhouses.

C. Precision agriculture technology.

D. Agriculture and artificial intelligence.

LanguageStudy

Ⅰ. Text?centered chunks

autonomous tractor 自動拖拉機(jī)

robotic harvester 機(jī)器人收割機(jī)

automatic watering 自動澆灌

be associated with 與……有關(guān)聯(lián)

modern greenhouse 現(xiàn)代化溫室

monitor plant health 監(jiān)測植物健康

artificial intelligence 人工智能

Ⅱ. Difficult sentence in the text

The idea is to give farmers a better understanding of whats happening on the groundthrough advanced technology that can tell them more than the naked eye can see. 這個想法是通過先進(jìn)的技術(shù)讓農(nóng)民更好地了解土地上發(fā)生的事情，這種技術(shù)可以告訴他們比肉眼看到的更多的信息。

【點(diǎn)石成金】本句中，what引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，what在從句中作主語；that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，that在從句中作主語，先行詞是advanced technology。

主題應(yīng)用·語庫構(gòu)建

Ⅰ. 主題單詞

harvest 收獲

plow 犁地

cultivate 耕作

irrigate 灌溉

fertilize 給……施肥

sow 播種

reap 收割

weed 給……除雜草

hoe 鋤地

rake 耙

tractor 拖拉機(jī)

orchard 果園

vineyard 葡萄園

herbicide 除草劑

pesticide 殺蟲劑

compost 堆肥

manure 肥料

tillage 耕作

plowshare 犁頭

livestock 家畜

herd 牧群

dairy 乳品店

paddy 稻田

wheat 小麥

barley 大麥

oats 燕麥

millet 谷子

sorghum 高粱

soybean 大豆

sunflower 向日葵

cotton 棉花

sericulture 養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)

hydroponics 水培

agribusiness 農(nóng)業(yè)綜合企業(yè)

rancher 大農(nóng)場（或牧場）主

agronomist 農(nóng)藝師

reaper 收割機(jī)

Ⅱ. 主題短語

sugar cane 甘蔗

irrigation system 灌溉系統(tǒng)

field crop specialist 農(nóng)作物專家

irrigation engineer 灌溉工程師

arable land 可耕地

crop yield 農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量

organic fertilizer 有機(jī)肥料

agricultural machinery 農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械

pest control 害蟲防治

drip irrigation 滴灌

crop rotation 輪作

grain silo 糧倉

cash crop 經(jīng)濟(jì)作物

plow the fields 犁地

sow the seeds 播種

cultivate the soil 耕作土壤

irrigate the crops 灌溉農(nóng)作物

fertilize the plants 給植物施肥

weed the garden 給花園除雜草

harvest the crops 收獲農(nóng)作物

rotate the crops 輪作農(nóng)作物

apply pesticides 使用殺蟲劑

check soil moisture 檢查土壤濕度

monitor crop growth 監(jiān)控農(nóng)作物生長

maintain proper drainage 保持良好的排水

improve soil fertility 改善土壤肥力

protect crops from frost 保護(hù)農(nóng)作物免受

霜凍

monitor nutrient levels 監(jiān)測養(yǎng)分水平

control plant diseases 控制植物病害

monitor weather conditions 監(jiān)控天氣條件

use sustainable farming practices 使用可

持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)方法

implement crop rotation plans 執(zhí)行輪作

計(jì)劃

adapt to changing climate patterns 適應(yīng)多

變的氣候模式

foster soil health 促進(jìn)土壤健康

promote crop diversity 促進(jìn)作物多樣性

balance the ecosystem of farmland 平衡農(nóng)

田的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

minimize chemical pesticide use 將化學(xué)農(nóng)

藥使用減少到最低限度

Ⅲ. 主題美句

1. Integrated pest management strategiesemploy a holistic approach， combiningbiological control methods andjudicious use of pesticides， to minimizeenvironmental impact. 綜合害蟲管理策略采用綜合治理方法，結(jié)合生物防治方法并合理使用農(nóng)藥，使其對環(huán)境的影響降到最低。

2. Crop diversification minimizes therisk of crop failure and enhances ecosystemservices through the cultivation of multiplecrops with different growth patternsand characteristics. 作物多樣化降低了作物歉收的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并通過種植具有不同生長模式和特性的多種作物增強(qiáng)了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)服務(wù)。

3. Soil health management focuses onimproving soil structure， enhancing nutrientcycling， and promoting beneficial microbialactivity to facilitate optimal plantgrowth. 土壤健康管理著重于改善土壤結(jié)構(gòu)，增強(qiáng)養(yǎng)分循環(huán)，并提升有益微生物的活性，以促進(jìn)植物的最佳生長。

4. Conservation tillage practices， suchas no?tillage and reduced tillage， protectsoil structure， increase organic matter content，and reduce erosion risks. 以免耕、減耕為例的保護(hù)性耕作實(shí)踐，能保護(hù)土壤結(jié)構(gòu)，增加有機(jī)質(zhì)含量，減少侵蝕風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

5. Cover cropping techniques utilizeselected plant species to provide groundcover， reduce soil erosion， enhance soil fertility，and suppress weed growth. 覆蓋種植技術(shù)利用選定的植物物種提供地面覆蓋，減少土壤侵蝕，增強(qiáng)土壤肥力，抑制雜草生長。

6. Agricultural soil testing and analysisassist in determining nutrient deficiencies，enabling farmers to make informeddecisions about fertilizer application andamendment requirements. 農(nóng)業(yè)土壤測試和分析有助于確定養(yǎng)分缺乏情況，使農(nóng)民能夠就施肥和改良要求做出明智的決策。

7. Agroecology principles integrateecological concepts into agricultural systems，emphasizing biodiversity， nutrientcycling， and natural pest management toachieve sustainable farming practices. 農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)原則將生態(tài)學(xué)概念融入農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)生物多樣性、養(yǎng)分循環(huán)和自然害蟲管理，以實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐。

8. The adoption of innovative soilmoisture monitoring technologies allowsfarmers to optimize irrigation scheduling，reducing water wastage and enhancingcrop water use efficiency. 采用創(chuàng)新的土壤水分監(jiān)測技術(shù)使農(nóng)民能夠優(yōu)化灌溉時(shí)間安排，減少水資源浪費(fèi)，提高作物的水分利用效率。

9. Agribusinesses are investing inprecision nutrient application equipment，such as variable rate technology and sitespecificfertilization， to achieve targetednutrient delivery and maximize cropuptake. 農(nóng)業(yè)綜合企業(yè)正在投資精確施肥設(shè)備，如可變比例技術(shù)和現(xiàn)場定點(diǎn)施肥，以實(shí)現(xiàn)精確的養(yǎng)分輸送，最大限度地促進(jìn)作物吸收。

Ⅳ. 主題寫作

假定你是李華，你校將舉辦英文演講比賽，主題為“How to solve world hunger”，請你寫一篇演講稿參賽。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)80左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Good morning， everybody！