ABSTRACTS

“ThreeGovernanceFusion”andReconstructionofGrassrootsSociety

ZhangWenxian,XuYong,QiuZeqiandHeXianming(4)

Abstract:In 2013, the construction of “Three Governance Fusion” began in Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province. Over the past ten years, it has arisen from a local innovation to a central policy, and has now been spread to the whole country, which fully reflects the effectiveness of “Three Governance Fusion” in solving the problems of grassroots governance. So, does this mean that the “Three Governance Fusion” can fundamentally break through the limitations of the existing grass-roots governance, so as to form a new governance model? Further,does “Three Governance Fusion” have key significance for the reconstruction of modern grassroots society?

The written discussion is a targeted response to the above questions. We hope to arouse the academic community’s attention and debate on the “Three Governance Fusion” and the reconstruction of grassroots society. Professor Zhang Wenxian believes that “Three Governance Fusion” is the theoretical basis and practical source of the proposition of “Fengqiao Experience in the new era”, and it has profound theoretical and political logic from “bonsai” to “l(fā)andscape”. At present, the “Three Governance Fusion” of autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue is a scientific concept that should not be changed. Professor Xu Yong believes that facing the future, to further innovate and develop the “Three Governance Fusion”, we must take the road of systematization, including construction and improvement of the organizational system, the work system, the service system, the institutional system, the support system, and the theoretical system, and the promotion of modernization of the grass-roots governance system and governance capacity. Professor Qiu Zeqi believes that in modern China, the heterogeneity of the grass-roots society is increasing, the correlation between the grass-roots society and the world is increasing, and the grass-roots social structure is breaking off the tail chain, and there is a conflict between the fragmented individual and the integrated social order. To innovate grassroots governance, the first thing is to reconstruct grassroots society, and Tongxiang’s “Three Governance Fusion” practice has made an active exploration of this. Professor He Xianming believes that Tongxiang’s “Three Governance Fusion” runs through three major agendas: first, the coordination and co-governance of multiple governance subjects; second, the optimization and integration of multiple governance resources; and, third, the integration and empowerment of multiple governance tools.

Keywords:Three governance Fusion;reconstruction of grassroots society;modernization of grass-roots society governance

TheHistoricalBasis,PoliticalEssenceandPracticalOrientationofXiJinping’sImportantExpositiononHowtoEscapetheHistoricalCycleofRiseandFall

DongYingandHuangWei(22)

Abstract: Escaping the historical cycle of rise and fall is a major theme of Party building. It is also an examination of the Party’s long-term governance that Chinese Communists constantly consider, explore, and answer. Mao Zedong and Huang Yanpei’s “cave-dwelling conversation” revealed the dominant law of the historical cycle of rise and fall. It provided the first answer to the Party’s problem of breaking the historical cycle rate. It also provides an important historical basis for Xi Jinping’s exposition on how to escape the historical rise and fall cycle. Xi Jinping’s important statement is rich in c/onnotations, which explain the logical relationship between the historical cycle rate and the construction of the Marxist governing party, the centennial development of the Communist Party of China(CPC), and the rise and fall of Chinese and foreign historical dynasties and regimes. It emphasizes that the nature and purpose of the CPC are the decisive factors for the Party’s escape from the historical cycle rate. The people’s congress system is an effective guarantee for national governance to jump out of the historical cycle rate. Self-reform is the second method for the Party to break out of the historical cycle rate. On the new journey forward, we will rejuvenate the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization and an expansion into new forms of human achievement. The Party will rely externally on people’s democracy and supervision and internally on full and rigorous self-governance and the Party’s self-reform. The Party will promote the “Three Non-corruptions” as a whole and comprehensively build a “Clean China”, pledging “our political environment will, through tireless efforts, like seas fallen calm and rivers running clear, be clean and free of corruption.” These efforts will ensure that the CPC, as the nation’s long-term governing party, will never change its nature, its conviction, or its character.

Keywords: Xi Jinping’s important exposition; historical cycle of rise and fall;political essence;Practical orientation

ShrinkingCities:Concept,PerceptionandCityGovernance

ChenYouhuaandZhangFan(37)

Abstract: With the slowdown in China’s urban growth, urbanization has entered a mature age, which makes shrinking cities a serious problem. This paper reviews the concept of shrinking cities and the transformation of the urban cognition. We discuss the shrinking cities phenomenon from the view of the spatial evolution of the population, as well as the trends of urban development. We obtained the following results. First, in industrial and post-industrial societies, once a city shrinks, it is difficult to “revive”, which means the expectation of “small but beautiful” and “thin but strong” cities is limited to utopian imagination. Second, there are two basic limitations of China’s current urban planning: the mismatch between urban planning and urban development, and the failure of planner-stakeholders to guide urban planning in an objective and scientific way. Finally, from the perspective of the state, this paper suggests a way of dealing with a large number of cities entering the shrinking stage: i) ideological understanding towards urban shrinkage should be changed from passive to active; ii) the Household Registration System should allow for the free right of migration; and, iii) in order to make the market play a fundamental role in city shrinking, it is suggested to focus on the development of the Market Economy, establish an incentive mechanism for wealth creation, and a basic Social Insurance System that covers all citizens while strengthening the protection of property rights.

Keywords: shrinking cities; scale effect; urban planning; city governance

ResearchonChina’sMarketCapacityunderShrinkingPopulationSizeandStructuralAgeing—BasedonthetheoryofPopulationCushion

WangJinyingandCaoZehan(53)

Abstract: Promoting national renaissance with Chinese-style modernization and achieving the second centennial goals require high-quality economic growth and development. The classical theory of economic growth proves that technological progress, essential factor growth, and demand-pull are the power sources of economic growth. Under the conditions of negative population growth and aging age structure, the reduction of labour supply and marginal revenue of capital factors are inevitable. Technological progress, labour productivity improvement, and demand-pulling power enhancement will become the main driving force of future economic growth Technological progress and labour productivity improvement cannot be separated from the support of the enhancement of market capacity. Therefore, on the basis of recognizing and defining of market capacity, this paper describes how China’s market capacity will face the possible impacts and challenges brought by negative population growth and aging in the future. This paper suggests that under the condition of negative population growth and aging, the cushion space effect of large population scale can be fully utilized to enhance the supply-side output capacity, demand-side consumption capacity, and circulation capacity. And, finally, from the perspective of social governance and market governance, this paper describes the strategies, ways, and measures that could fully stimulate the population cushion effect to enhance the nation’s market abilities.

Keywords: negative population growth; population size cushion space; market capacity; consumption power; smooth circulation

ResearchonChina’sPopulationGovernanceStrategiesintheEraofNegativePopulationGrowth:BasedonhistoricalandReflectivePerspectives

WangJun(70)

Abstract: To support Chinese-style modernization with a huge population with high-quality population development, it is crucial to determine the population governance strategy in the context of negative population growth as early as possible. Whether in a period of rapid population growth or a period of “coexistence of low fertility and low population growth”, the theory and practice of population governance in developing countries are dominated by the “population problem” model and the emergency thinking and engineering design perspectives embodied behind it. This population governance model advocates “catering” the needs of economic development, resource utilization, and environmental protection through direct intervention and manipulation of population development. Although this model has achieved certain results in controlling population growth, it also has serious problems with the economic, social, and demographic aspects and has come at a heavy price. Based on past experiences and lessons, population governance strategies in the era of negative population growth should transcend the “population problem” model as soon as possible. It is necessary to completely abandon the emergency thinking and engineering design perspective. Instead, the nation should attach great importance to the balanced development of the population itself and to fully recognize the great creativity of man and his infinite potential to adapt and transform the environment. Specifically, the population governance strategy in the era of negative population growth is an organic whole that includes population and development ideologies, population development strategies, and population policies, and shows a hierarchical and progressive relationship in which ideologies determine strategies, and strategies determine policies. Among them, concerning population and development ideologies, a positive view of population and a two-way interactive view of population and development should be promoted. At the level of population development strategies, negative population growth strategies should be resolutely rejected. As to the population policies, both mitigation and adaptive policies should be given equal attention.

Keywords: negative population growth; population governance; population and development ideology; population development strategy; population policy

EvolutionaryGameAnalysisofMultiagentBehaviorStrategiesintheDigitalTransformationofGovernmentServices

XiaZhiqiangandZhaoYuxin(84)

Abstract: The digital transformation of government services is an important method for local governments to promote the modernization of governance. When promoting the digital transformation of government affairs, there are different goals, positions, and interests between the central government, local governments, digital technology enterprises, and the public which result in ineffective cooperation. The article focuses on the multi-agent collaboration mechanism in the digital transformation process of government services and constructs a game model between the central government, local governments, digital technology enterprises, and the public. By conducting simulation analysis on the model, the article reveals the evolutionary game process, ideal equilibrium state, and influencing factors of strategy selection of the four participants and explores the best collaborative strategies for multiple entities. Research has found that the central government attaches great importance to reputation and smooth governance. Local governments and digital enterprises are more concerned about additional costs. And the quality of government service supply affects the trust of the public and forms a positive cycle with public participation and supervision. Therefore, the development focus should be on the digital government responsibility of local governments, while also reducing their burden to supply services. The central government should strengthen the supervision of digital government services, safeguard the public interest, and enhance government credibility. Digital technology enterprises need to enhance their sense of social responsibility and help the public integrate into digital life.

Keywords: government services; digital transformation; digital government; evolutionary game

UrbanDigitalGovernance:AnInstitutionFrameworkofGameTheory

ChengYanandHuangRongyan(100)

Abstract: The digital economy has transformed the configuration of interests and power structures in urban governance, promoting diversity in the outcomes of the game between different participants. The key relationships in urban digital governance include the game between the government and urban residents, and the game between the government and firms. The equilibrium outcome of these games depends on the extent to which the rights and responsibilities of governance entities are redefined. Governments need to balance various organizational costs to find an adaptive governance boundary. Considering the constraints of institutional path dependence, the power structure among urban governance entities is more rigid compared to market behavior. Governance risks triggered by data algorithms should be given greater consideration rather than market behavior regulation in urban digital governance. Governments must establish and develop institutional arrangements that are compatible with the level of technological development to effectively harness the positive effects of urban digital governance.

Keywords: urban governance; game theory; governance institution; digital governance

DigitalPartyBuilding:ConceptualFieldTheory,ProcessInvestigationandCoreDimension

QuZhiandZhangZhen(113)

Abstract: The deep integration of digital technology and political party construction has given birth to a series of new practices and forms of party building, among which digital party building is a core concept. Digital party building is not a simple superposition of digital technology and party building work, but a multi-dimensional and multi-level empowerment and interactive integration. The coordinated promotion of institutional arrangement, technology embedding, and technology empowerment and the close coupling of theoretical development and practical innovation are the core direction of the digital transformation of party building. Based on this embedding of empowerment and collaboration within digital information technology in the digitalization process of party building, digital party building has gradually reshaped the way of thinking purely based on technical rationality. After going through three stages of local exploration, partial development, and overall deployment, it has gradually become a modernization and support system for party governance. . This pathway of modernization also ensures that the Party is at the forefront in the digital age and has strong support. But it should always be clear that the core essence of digital party building is not “digital” but “party building”.

Keywords: digital party building; big data; Chinese-style modernization; artificial intelligence; Party building

AnalysisofGovernment’sNudgeStrategiesforBusinessAssociationsParticipatingintheCommonProsperity

ZhouJun(130)

Abstract: Business associations can not only promote high-quality economic development, but also promote social sharing of development achievements, playing an important role in promoting common prosperity. Based on the Nudge Theory, the “Simplification-Attractiveness-Sociality” framework was established, and the analysis on 114 national and provincial policies indicated that four nudge strategies, including Priming, Salience, Structured Composite Choices, and Norms, have been applied, but their breadth and depth need to be expanded. The roles of nudge strategies such as Default, Ego, and Commitment have not been covered in the policy texts. To promote the participation of business associations in Common Prosperity, governments need to strengthen the design and application of nudging policy tools.

Keywords: business association; common prosperity; nudge strategies; policy text

NormativeAgileRegulation:RegulatoryChallengesandImprovementPathsforFinancialDataOpenness

ChenTianhaoandXuWei(142)

Abstract: Normative Agile Regulation combines a regulatory framework with agile governance, using the regulatory framework as an “anchor” to provide stable normative expectations for orderly interactions among market participants, while simultaneously pursuing the agility of the entire regulatory process from “regulatory actions-regulatory rules-legal standards” to better adapt to the governance challenges posed by the uncertainties brought by digital technologies. Financial data openness serves as a typical application scenario for practicing Normative Agile Regulation, drawing insights from international experiences in open banking reforms. To promote financial data openness through regulation, a policy framework should be established, encompassing three dimensions: data resource openness, data element mobility, and data rights allocation. In China’s current financial data management system, there exist three mechanistic barriers: a narrow scope of data resource openness, high costs associated with data element mobility, and an imbalanced data rights allocation structure. Guided by the Normative Agile Regulation paradigm, China should strive to create a normative framework with the “Financial Data Openness Regulation” at its core. This includes expanding the scope of financial data openness within the boundaries of the law, creating standards for financial data openness, transaction platforms, and collaborative regulatory mechanisms, and optimizing the structure of data rights allocation.

Keywords:normative agile regulation; financial data; data openness; open banking