梅雷特?奧本海姆公寓大廈

項(xiàng)目場地。SBB公司是瑞士的一家國家鐵路公司，同時(shí)也是瑞士最大的土地所有者之一，它在瑞士全國各城市中心的黃金地段都擁有地產(chǎn)。在過去幾年中，這些未被充分開發(fā)的黃金地段的潛力被不斷地挖掘了出來，從而推進(jìn)了巴塞爾、蘇黎世、盧塞恩等城市主要車站周圍市中心區(qū)域的高密度化。梅雷特·奧本海姆公寓大廈正是這樣一個(gè)高密度化的城市更新項(xiàng)目，是Südpark集合建筑群的一部分。它位于瑞士巴塞爾的Gundeldinger區(qū)。該區(qū)人口稠密，是一個(gè)充滿多樣性且十分活躍的街區(qū)，被巴塞爾市民們稱為“古德里（Gundeli）”，新大廈的建成將強(qiáng)化了該地區(qū)的整體形象。

體量堆疊。大廈的整體外形是通過幾個(gè)不同大小的體量的堆疊而形成的。整個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)過程中我們試驗(yàn)了多種堆疊方案，直到我們所得到的比例，尺寸和功能足以符合城市化和程序化的期望和要求。堆疊的設(shè)計(jì)能夠分解這棟高樓的巨大尺度感，從而與鐵軌另一側(cè)“Gundeli”歷史街區(qū)的小尺度相對應(yīng)。多個(gè)體量的堆疊產(chǎn)生了各種露臺、平臺、空隙和介于室內(nèi)外的空間，而大量的縮進(jìn)及懸挑為一部分的公寓創(chuàng)造了不可多得的室外空間。

項(xiàng)目功能。梅雷特·奧本海姆公寓大廈是一幢多功能公寓樓，其中還設(shè)有辦公室，咖啡廳和餐廳。功能相近的空間被設(shè)置在同一個(gè)體量之中?？Х葟d和餐廳位于地面層，它們將為相鄰的Güterstrasse街和梅雷特·奧本海姆廣場增添人氣；一層至五層為辦公空間，六層至二十四層則為住宅空間，服務(wù)空間和住宅空間分別設(shè)有不同的入口。在六層、七層和十五層，有寬敞的室外區(qū)域，可以充當(dāng)公寓的露臺，也可作為公共的室外聚會場所。不同的樓層將能欣賞到巴塞爾不同的風(fēng)光。

立面。體量的堆疊產(chǎn)生了懸挑、露臺以及體量之間的間隙，這些元素組合出了這棟大廈獨(dú)特的外觀?？烧郫B和滑動的百葉窗系統(tǒng)則為建筑的立面增添更加豐富的表情。公寓陽臺被設(shè)置在這些用于防曬的百葉窗的后面，當(dāng)百葉窗打開時(shí)，則會增加立面的深度和立體感。這樣的設(shè)計(jì)既可以保證每套公寓的私密性，但也不妨礙住戶可以從室內(nèi)看到室外的景觀，同時(shí)也不妨礙建筑整體的通透性。

可折疊和滑動的百葉窗系統(tǒng)是該項(xiàng)目的一項(xiàng)核心特征，它賦予整棟大廈獨(dú)特的外觀，并為住戶創(chuàng)造出獨(dú)一無二的居住空間。整棟建筑的外觀隨觀察的視角而變化，并且白天和夜晚也呈現(xiàn)著不一樣的表情。當(dāng)公寓住戶隨天氣而開合百葉窗時(shí)，整棟大廈的表情也會變得更加的豐富。這種不斷變化的外形體現(xiàn)了大廈用戶的個(gè)性，就好像是不斷地在與周圍社區(qū)的人們進(jìn)行著對話。

Site. SBB is one of Switzerland’s largest landowners. This national railway company owns land in prime locations of the urban centers across the country. This previously underutilized potential of real estate has been increasingly developed in the last years， thus contributing to the densification of urban centers around the main stations of Basel， Zurich， Lucerne， and other cities. Such densification and urban renewal project is the Meret Oppenheim Hochhaus， located in the Gundeldinger Quarter of Basel.

Stacking Volumes. The form of the tower is the result of stacking volumes of different sizes. The process of stacking underwent various phases where we tested how the resulting proportions， dimensions， and functions would fit with the urbanistic and programmatic expectations and requirements. The concept of stacking allows us to break down the scale of this unusually tall building at the edge of the large track field on one side and facing the narrowness and the scale of the historic neighbourhood of “Gundeli” on the other side. The stacking of volumes generates a kind of topography of various terraces， platforms， gaps， and other outdoor – indoor spaces. Its numerous setbacks and overhangs provide exclusive exterior spaces for a large number of apartments， amongst other programs.

Programming Volumes. The Meret Oppenheim Hochhaus is a mixed-use building with apartments， offices， a café， and a restaurant. Most programs are bound to specific volumes within the whole stack. The café and the restaurant will animate the street life along the Güterstrasse and the Meret Oppenheim Square. Above the ground floor with its restaurant， there will be 5 floors of office space. The residential portion of the building rises from the 6th to the 24th floor. The apartments may be entered independently from the service functions. On the 6th， 7th， and 15th floors， there are large outdoor areas that will function as terraces for the respective apartments， or alternatively as communal outdoor gathering spaces for the offices. The different levels provide unique views over the city and the surrounding landscape.

Facade. The shape of the tower is characterized by its strong volumetric structure. Through the principle of stacking volumes， overhangs， terraces， and voids between the individual sub-volumes are created. These elements give the building its specific appearance. A folding and sliding shutter system forms the outer shape and appearance of the building. Placed just behind these movable sun protection elements is a balcony layer that creates depth on all sides of the building. This transitional space introduces a filter between the individual residences and the city， allowing views from interior to exterior， and shifting transparency from exterior to interior.

The resulting depth of the facade is a central feature of the architectural design and gives the shell its quality and distinctive space. The appearance of the building is changing not only from different perspectives of the city but also throughout the day and night. The building changes between a distinctive and precise assemblage of volumes and a more eroded and fuzzy appearance. This happens by its users and through external influences such as sunlight or wind. This constant change gives form to the individuality of its users/residents， while at the same time generating a dialogue with those viewing the building from the surrounding neighborhood.