Unit 2 Exploring English

Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單詞拼寫 根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學(xué)單詞的正確形式填空。

1. The city filled with u______________ buildings is a city for lovers of history and food.

2. As we are high school students now， we should be responsible for our b______________.

3. I usually get up as soon as my a______________ clock goes off in the early morning.

4. The t______________ of the book gives readers important information about the main idea of it.

5. His writing is so c______________ that it is difficult to make out what he wants to express.

6. Your facial expression has ______________ （反映） your real feelings.

7. These exchange students begin to feel ______________ （想家的） after they have been here for a week.

8.Picasso， a world-famous artist， did not just paint， but made ______________ （雕塑）.

9.The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world and is ______________ （可見的） from outer space.

10.I came to realize the key to success lay in trying to learn from ______________ （有創(chuàng)造力的） people.

選擇填空 用方框中所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。

wind up burn up fill in speak of in ones free time

1. Judy says she often takes part in volunteer work with her friends ___________________.

2. ___________________ the part-time job， I think its important for college students to do it during holidays.

3. If you want ___________________ more calories， you need to exercise for another half hour.

4. Please ___________________ this form， giving your name， phone number and address.

5.Sometimes we dont always ___________________ with the right answer or wrong answer， but just different points of view.

課文語法填空

Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble _____1_____ （learn） English？ I hadnt， until one day my five-year-old son asked me _____2_____ there was ham in a hamburger. This _____3_____ （get） me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn.

Even the smallest words can be _____4_____ （confuse）. You also have to wonder at the unique _____5_____ （mad） of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns _____6_____， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which _____7_____ alarm is only heard once it goes off！

English _____8_____ （invent） by people， not computers， and it reflects the _____9_____ （creative） of the human race. That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are _____10_____ （visible）. And that is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends.

1. ______________? 2. ______________? 3. ______________? 4. ______________? 5. ______________

6. ______________? 7. ______________? 8. ______________? 9. ______________? 10. ______________

能力提升

閱讀理解

Part of the reason that English has grown as a world language is that it easily adjusts to change. However， this means that what one was taught as a child in school may be out of date many years later. When words or phrases change， it can make speakers feel “wrong” because they were taught that something else was “right”.

One example of this is a term connected to school itself. Today， it is common for people to say that they “graduated” high school or college. The word “graduate” has two common meanings. One is to mark off a series. The other meaning is closely related. As you move through school， you cross off a series of achievements： grade school， middle school， high school， and college. So， in a way， school itself is “graduated”.

So， when people used to speak of getting a degree， they said they “graduated from college”. “To graduate college” would have meant to mark it off by year—the first year， the second year， etc. Similarly， “to graduate to college” would have meant to complete high school and move up to the next level.

But as happens often in English， when people understand your meaning， smaller words can disappear. “I graduated college” is now easy to say. This may distress people who were taught that you had to use “from” to be correct. But this is not the first time this phrase has been simplified. It used to be that you said， “I was graduated from college，” instead of， “I graduated from college.”

You cant know what English will keep and what it will lose. Who could imagine that we would still say we “dial” a phone number when we now push buttons on our cellphones？ Yet we know what it means.

1. What do we know about the word “graduate” from the text？

A. It has two similar meanings. B. It is changing in its meanings.

C. It had nothing to do with school at first. D. It got another meaning during its development.

2. In which sentence is the word “graduate” used in the newest meaning？

A. I was graduated from college. B. I was to graduate to college.

C. I graduated from college. D. I graduated college.

3. What does the underlined word “distress” in Paragraph 4 probably mean？

A. Change. B. Correct. C. Worry. D. Hurt.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. Right or Wrong？ B. Words Come and Go in English

C. English Is a Very Changeable Language D. How Should English Be Taught in School？

閱讀七選五

What are magic words？ Words like “thank you” “please” and “sorry” can work wonders in our daily life. _____1_____ People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words.

What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday？ _____2_____ The words “thank you” are very important and used very often. We say them when someone hands us a letter， passes us a book， offers us a drink， or lends us an umbrella.

_____3_____ It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying “please”. We are supposed to use it when we ask for something， too. It may be a book， a pen， or more milk. It may be in the classroom， at home or at the bus stop.

We should learn to say “sorry”， too. If we have hurt someones feelings， we will have to say “sorry”. _____4_____ Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise， so we need to explain with the word as a beginning. “Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs.

Why are these words magic？ They can give you warmth and strength. They even can encourage people to lead a more meaningful life.

_____5_____ Man said them long ago. We use them now. So will our kids.

A. You can make good friends with them.

B. “Excuse me” is another important expression.

C. Youd better sit down and write a thank-you note.

D. “Thank you！ Please！ Sorry！”—these words are simple but useful.

E. “Please” is another important word， but many people forget to use it.

F. When we have told a lie and regretted it， the same word should be used.

G. These expressions are used every day—among strangers， friends and families.

1. ______________? 2. ______________? 3. ______________? 4. ______________? 5. ______________

Section Ⅱ Using language

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單句語法填空 在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

1. Most of the food for the homeless is provided by an international ______________ （organize）.

2. Anna grew many unusual types of plants that were ______________ （familiar） to me.

3. Dale said he only kept in contact ______________ two of our friends from college.

4. The fog is so heavy that the cars are ______________ （visible） even 30 meters away.

5. There are various ______________ （type） of books， and you can choose whatever youre interested in.

6. At twenty years old Frank was not as strong， as fast， ______________ he is now.

7. This is a fine book which is a worthy ______________ （add） to the series.

8. Grace came ______________ an old friend in the street whom she hadnt seen for years.

9. For ______________ （creative） to have a chance， the brain needs to get out of its own way.

10.The traffic problem in this city is ______________ （likely） to be solved in a short time. Theres still a long way to go.

單元語法填空 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，結(jié)合本單元所學(xué)語法知識完成短文。

Surfing is an _____1_____ （interest） activity of riding on waves while a person is standing on a board called a _____2_____ （a long narrow board used for surfing）. It is a perfect opportunity for people to get fit and stay _____3_____ （health）. It can not only make you _____4_____ （excite） but also offer a number of health benefits. Whether youre a free _____5_____ （surf） or a competitive one， Im sure youre always trying to improve your surfing. Here are some tips that can help you have a better surfing _____6_____ （perform）. First of all， you need to practice as often as possible. Second， you should learn to pick the right board. For a _____7_____ （begin）， the bigger， the better. Some people may like to jump on smaller and _____8_____ （short） boards， but a large one will help you catch more waves in the early stages. Last but not least， if possible， you can surf with your friends together. It is not only safer， but it also forms a healthy

_____9_____ （compete）. It pushes you to surf better and try out _____10_____ （differ） skills.

1. ______________? 2. ______________? 3. ______________? 4. ______________? 5. ______________

6. ______________? 7. ______________? 8. ______________? 9. ______________? 10. ______________

能力提升

完形填空

When I was a child， there wasnt much for me to read. It was not until junior high school that I began to _____1_____ traditional Chinese classical novels. And books from other countries became _____2_____ to me after I had been admitted into the university.

The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though _____3_____ for a first-year student at university， I spent hours and hours _____4_____ the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to _____5_____ the book. With Jane Eyre _____6_____ my heart and soul， I was even more _____7_____ in the rich world of literature. I developed a _____8_____ of reading Charles Dickens， Thomas Hardy， W. S. Maugham， D. H. Lawrence， Ernest Hemingway… The _____9_____ goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.

What can one _____10_____ from reading？ It can be said that serious reading makes one a _____11_____ person. When we read serious books， we must _____12_____ our minds so as to find some room for new ideas， knowledge， and inspirations. Reading helps us _____13_____ the lack of knowledge and our prejudice （偏見） by offering different insights. We may learn to develop an overall view of the _____14_____， either inside or outside.

Serious reading is time-consuming and thus makes us more _____15_____. If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace， we must be prepared for a long _____16_____ without taking any shortcuts （捷徑）.

Well-designed classical novels make us more _____17_____. The writers put their hearts and minds into _____18_____ plots， presenting descriptions， and expressing their values. To _____19_____ the stories， we must make full use of our born logical （邏輯上的） competence， which might _____20_____ reasonability.

1. A. write B. read C. borrow D. know

2. A. expensive B. acceptable C. unique D. available

3. A. important B. comfortable C. difficult D. possible

4. A. making up B. figuring out C. speaking of D. agreeing with

5. A. finish B. return C. translate D. find

6. A. saving B. breaking C. owning D. entering

7. A. popular B. interested C. honest D. free

8. A. style B. method C. love D. game

9. A. list B. cycle C. story D. system

10. A. understand B. guess C. remember D. gain

11. A. better B. richer C. healthier D. kinder

12. A. recover B. clean C. empty D. change

13. A. reflect B. overcome C. recall D. master

14. A. study B. book C. room D. world

15. A. powerful B. creative C. patient D. confident

16. A. fight B. performance C. action D. journey

17. A. logical B. real C. curious D. sharp

18. A. planning B. dropping C. starting D. reviewing

19. A. report B. affect C. follow D. select

20. A. deal with B. lead to C. result from D. refer to

語法填空

A common word that shows surprise or _____1_____ （sad） is “actually”. “Actually” suggests something is true， even when it is different from what has been thought or expected. For example， everybody knows that Bob is always a nice person. But he sees a Christmas present he likes， and then runs away with _____2_____. A speaker might say， “I cant _____3_____ （real） believe it！ Bob actually stole the Christmas present.” Here， the speaker uses “actually” to show the unexpectedness of a happening—Bob stole the present. He/She does not sound very happy！

Speakers can use “actually” to show good feelings， too. Lets take Ted for example—another person who always forgets _____4_____ （give） presents for Christmas. His parents may show their surprise at _____5_____ （receive） a present from Ted by saying the following， “Ted actually gave us a present！” Here， the word “actually” shows that they are pleasantly _____6_____ （surprise） at this strange happening： Ted _____7_____ （remember） Christmas that day！ _____8_____ fact， they felt very happy.

Next time you are listening to an English speaker， try to find examples of words _____9_____ show what people mean. Is the speaker showing surprise or regret？ How does the speaker change the pitch （音調(diào)） of their voice？ By answering these _____10_____ （question）， you will start to learn how English speakers communicate feelings in slight ways.

1. ______________? 2. ______________? 3. ______________? 4. ______________? 5. ______________

6. ______________? 7. ______________? 8. ______________? 9. ______________? 10. ______________

短文改錯

Dear Mr Chen，

Im very happy to have you as our English teacher. I knew English is very important for us， so master English means we can see the world through a new window.

To be honesty my English is just OK. There are two mainly problems in my English study. First， I feel difficult to learn words by heart. However， I often feel nervous when spoken English. It would be great if you could give me some good advice on how to memorize the new words. Another suggestion is to give us more chance to practice speaking English in class. Im certain that we can make much progress in English under your help. Thank you.

Li Hua

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

單詞填空 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Although there are more and more people ______________ of the importance of protecting wild animals， we still try to raise the ______________ of the whole society. （aware）

2.Written language is generally used in ______________ language， while ______________ language can be used in spoken language. （form）

3.They ______________ me by asking so many ______________ questions. I was totally ______________， not knowing what to do. （confuse）

4.My father once said to me that hard work can change your life because youre the only ______________ of your own life， but the ______________ of people also needs ______________ minds. （create）

5.My little sister ______________ so well in the school that my parents praised her good ______________

at dinnertime. （behave）

6.With the ______________ of becoming rich and famous， more and more people ______________ to take part in TV shows. （intend）

7.Joe had changed so much that I didnt ______________ him at first. As a matter of fact， age changed him beyond ______________. （recognise）

8.______________， their savings only meet ______________ costs of living. So they choose a simple lifestyle， ______________ on the little money they have. （base）

單句表達 根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。

1. Paul不僅是一位教師，而且是一位作家。（not only位于句首引起部分倒裝）

2. 我期待著把禮物放到Julie的桌上時，她會喜笑顏開。（look forward to）

3.? 我在公共汽車站等車時，對向駛過了三輛公共汽車。（while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句）

4. 這條街讓我想起我在倫敦生活的日子。（remind sb of）

5. 這座建于300年前的劇院已成為著名的旅游景點。（v.-ed作后置定語）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

remind intend stay with look forward to to ones astonishment

I wasnt sure that… I was really surprised when… It turned out that…

能力提升

閱讀理解

A

Do you think the United Kingdom and the United States are alike？ Winston Churchill once joked that the people of Britain and the people of America are separated only by their language. Do you think that is true？ The British and the Americans both speak English as the official language. However， each uses some different words. We Americans are similar to the British. After all， our country was once owned by the UK， so we have a lot in common. But there are many differences between us.

The UK has a king or queen， and the leader of the government is the Prime Minister. The US has no kings or queens. Our leader is the President.

Both the British and Americans use pounds and ounces， pints， quarts， and gallons. Both use miles， yards， and feet. Our money is different， though. The British use pounds and pence. Americans use dollars and cents.

Driving in a car is very different in the UK. They drive on the left side of the road. We drive on the right. What we call the hood （引擎蓋） of the car， the British call the “bonnet”. British cars run on “petrol”， which we call “gasoline”.

In our everyday life， we do many of the same things as the British. But we describe them differently. A young mother here might push a baby in a baby carriage. A British mum pushes a “pram”. The British watch “telly”， while we watch TV. We like to eat French fries， but the British call them “chips”. Millions of Americans drink coffee， but most British people prefer tea.

So we are different in many ways. But we stay friendly anyway.

1. What can we learn about the UK and the US from Winston Churchills joke？

A. They are very similar. B. Their people are the same.

C. Their languages are the same. D. They are familiar with each other.

2. The British and Americans both use __________.

A. miles and dollars B. pints and pence C. gallons and feet D. yards and cents

3. Which of the following is used by the British？

A. TV. B. Pram. C. Hood. D. French fries.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. We Are Alike？ B. A Common Language？

C. We Stay Friendly D. Differences Between the UK and the US

B

When talking about being overcome with emotions， both good and bad， we have a somewhat strange expression to describe that situation： being beside yourself. So， if I say I am beside myself with joy， I am filled with joy！ However， I can also be beside myself with sadness， anger， or any other emotions. The expression is useful and simple， but queer. It sounds as if someone became two people. How can you be next to yourself？ Being “beside yourself” is technically impossible.

In American English， you can simply say “Im beside myself” to mean you are very upset. For example， if you have a quarrel with a close friend， you might be beside yourself. You might shout， write an angry letter to your friend， or just go somewhere by yourself and cry.

Heres another situation. A high school student applies to several colleges. If all her applications are refused， she could be beside herself. She might stay up all night worrying about what to do next.

Also， if a person becomes seriously ill， he could start talking in a way that does not make any sense. The patient may also start behaving strangely， walking around the room—back and forth. A doctor might say， “He is beside himself.”

We have another expression that is very similar to “being beside yourself”. We can also be “out of our minds”. We use this expression in the same way we use “beside oneself”. So we can be out of our minds with fear， love， happiness， or any other emotions. And just like “beside oneself”， we also use this expression on its own without a specific emotion. So， if someone says or does something crazy—like learning how to ride a motorcycle on a dark， rainy night， you can simply say， “He is out of his mind！”

5. What does the underlined word “queer” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？

A. Easy. B. Difficult. C. Common. D. Strange.

6. How does an American feel when saying “Im beside myself”？

A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Relaxed. D. Frightened.

7. How does the author explain the usage of “beside oneself”？

A. By comparing some expressions. B. By telling some stories.

C. By giving some examples. D. By listing some facts.

8. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？

A. Another example about “being beside yourself”.

B. The difference between the two expressions.

C. The usage of the phrase “out of ones mind”.

D. More expressions about different feelings.

完形填空

Cairistiona Flatley has always been an animal lover. So when she _____1_____ a social media post about a two-legged cat in need of a（n） _____2_____， she had a feeling that she was the _____3_____ person to take Rexie Roo in.

Rexie Roo is a young cat who was rescued （救援） to a shelter in Utah. Both of his front legs were _____4_____ hurt when he was found， and his rescuers guessed that hed been _____5_____ by a car. Whats worse， the cats legs couldnt be cured. Their only choice was to _____6_____ his front legs to give him a second _____7_____ of life. Despite his pain and having to get around on his _____8_____ legs， Rexie Roo was always loving everyone around him.

The only _____9_____ was whether they could find someone who was _____10_____ to take in a pet with special needs. Thats when Cairistiona came to the _____11_____. She adopted （收養(yǎng)） Rexie Roo and made him feel at home. She quickly _____12_____ that hes very food-motivated （驅(qū)使）， so she used cat food to _____13_____ him to do his at-home “physical exercise”.

“When people tell me Im so _____14_____ for adopting a special need cat and that he is lucky to have me， I can only think about how _____15_____ I am to have him in my life，” Cairistiona said. “I

_____16_____ him so much， and he has brought me a lot of _____17_____ and peace. I think he can _____18_____ people a lot about patience and love，” she added. “My life is _____19_____ because he is in it. I tell everyone he is the _____20_____ of my life.”

1. A. saw B. wrote C. chose D. spread

2. A. organization B. family C. doctor D. trainer

3. A. outgoing B. honest C. special D. perfect

4. A. badly B. completely C. mostly D. nearly

5. A. taken away B. turned away C. knocked down D. put down

6. A. cut off B. try on C. look over D. fix up

7. A. reason B. honor C. impression D. chance

8. A. front B. short C. back D. hurt

9. A. opinion B. problem C. way D. suggestion

10. A. thankful B. rich C. willing D. creative

11. A. madness B. check C. agreement D. rescue

12. A. discovered B. announced C. reminded D. imagined

13. A. force B. encourage C. promise D. lead

14. A. calm B. cool C. brave D. kind

15. A. lucky B. regretful C. excited D. nervous

16. A. respect B. trust C. love D. miss

17. A. pressure B. eagerness C. joy D. pain

18. A. prepare B. teach C. question D. require

19. A. freer B. quieter C. easier D. better

20. A. engine B. light C. hope D. tower

Writing

話題表達指導(dǎo)

話題介紹

話題：英語探索。要求通過對本單元核心知識的學(xué)習(xí)，能口頭和書面分享一則有關(guān)語言誤解的故事或一次學(xué)習(xí)英語的特別經(jīng)歷。

建議體裁：記敘文。

注意事項：突出故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展，交代清楚記敘文寫作的基本要素（時間、地點、人物、事件起因、經(jīng)過、結(jié)果）。另見下表：

題例導(dǎo)學(xué)

題目

假設(shè)你是李華，今天你和朋友參加了你所在城市舉辦的外語節(jié)（Foreign Language Festival）。請用英語寫一篇短文記述今天的活動，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 概括介紹事件背景；

2. 這一天的活動；

3. 你的感受。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

思路引導(dǎo)1·要點分析

1. 背景：與誰一起去，交通方式、到達時的現(xiàn)場情景等；

2. 活動：聽講座、參加英語角、購買英語書籍等；

3. 感受：對活動的評價、活動帶來的好處、對下一次活動的期待等。

思路引導(dǎo)2·本單元語言知識運用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1. 我們騎自行車到那里，而一些學(xué)生是乘地鐵去那里。（while）

___________________________________________________________________________

2. 首先我們參加了一個講座，講座的主題是“如何學(xué)英語”。（how + 不定式）

___________________________________________________________________________

3. 演講者回答了我們學(xué)習(xí)中的一些令人困惑的問題。（confusing）

___________________________________________________________________________

4.我們?nèi)チ擞⒄Z角，在那里我們和其他學(xué)生交換了英語學(xué)習(xí)的方法。（where， exchange... with）

___________________________________________________________________________

5. 我期待著參加更多像這樣的活動。（look forward to）

___________________________________________________________________________

思路引導(dǎo)3·連句成篇

范例展示

Today I took part in the Foreign Language Festival in our city with my friend Wang Wei. We arrived there by bike while some students went there by subway.

First we attended a talk whose topic was “How to Learn English”. The speaker answered some confusing questions in our study. Then we went to the English Corner where we exchanged the methods of learning English with other students. We joined them with great interest. Before leaving， we bought some books and dictionaries.

The festival gave me a good chance to practice English， as well as confidence and encouragement for my study. Im looking forward to taking part in more activities like this.

話題表達

假設(shè)你是李華，你班的交換生Jack喜歡中國的小吃，于是你請他品嘗當(dāng)?shù)孛〕越谢u、老婆餅。聽到名稱他很疑惑，但他品嘗之后才知道不能從字面意思去理解。請用英語寫一篇短文記述這件事，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 邀請Jack品嘗叫花雞、老婆餅；

2. 他的反應(yīng)；

3. 他吃后的感慨。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：老婆餅sweetheart cake，叫花雞Jiaohua Chicken

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. ______________ 偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)

2. be unfamiliar ______________ 對……不熟悉

3. ______________ 除此之外；另外

4. remind sb ______________ 使某人想起……

5. ______________ 說到；談到

6.make comments ______________ 對……做出評論

7. be based ______________ 以……為基礎(chǔ)

8. ______________ 意識到；察覺到

9. ______________ 在某人的空閑時間

10. ______________ 結(jié)果是

11. ______________ 發(fā)生

12. ______________ 燒毀；燒盡

13.______________ 給 （機械） 上發(fā)條；使 （活動、會議等） 結(jié)束

14. reflect ______________ 反思

15.______________ contact ______________ 與…… 保持/失去聯(lián)系

16.______________ in ones throat（尤因喉嚨痛）說話困難

17. ______________ 謹慎行事

18. ______________ 讓某人驚訝的是

句型

1. have trouble （in） doing sth

Have you ever asked yourself why people often ______________ （在學(xué)習(xí)英語時遇到困難）？

2. make + 賓語 + 賓語補足語

This ______________ （使我意識到） that theres no egg in eggplant either.

3. 副詞neither位于句首引起部分倒裝

______________ （既沒有） pine nor apple in pineapple.

4. It/This/That is why…

______________ （那就是為什么） when the stars are out， they are visible…

5. v.-ed作后置定語

The origin of “hamburger” was a hard beef steak ______________ （稱為）“Hamburg steak”， ______________ （被吃） without bread.

6. as… as…

Its not ______________ （看上去那么令人困惑）： usually people from the two countries can understand each other from the context.

7. 副詞here位于句首引起全部倒裝

______________ （這里有一些我們最喜歡的）， to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world！

8. spend some time （in） doing sth

I ______________ （花數(shù)日進行準備和撰寫） my first English paper.

請根據(jù)提示，運用本單元核心知識就“如何學(xué)好英語”的話題，談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?/p>

提示：需用以下句型。

1. At first， we can…

2. I think its a good idea to…

3. Another thing I would suggest is…